Abd Ali b. Jumu'a al-Huwayzi

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Abd Ali b. Jumu'a al-Huwayzi
Personal Information
Well-Known AsAl-Arusi al-Huwayzi
Religious AffiliationTwelver Shi'a
LineageArusi tribe
Place of BirthHoveyzeh
ResidenceShiraz
Studied inShiraz
Death1112/1700-1
Scholarly Information
ProfessorsAli Naqi Farahani Shirazi


ʿAbd ʿAlī b. Jumuʿa al-Ḥuwayzī (Arabic: عبدعلي بن جمعة الحویزي) (d. 1112/1700-1) known as al-ʿArūsī al-Ḥuwayzī (Arabic: العروسي الحویزي), was a Shiite scholar of hadith and an exegete of the Quran. Al-Sayyid Ni'mat Allah al-Jaza'iri and Shaykh Husayn Dihdashti were his students. His best-known work is Tafsir Nur al-Thaqalayn.

Life

There is no exact information about al-Huwayzi's year of birth. According to his own report, he was born in Hoveyzeh in Khuzestan[1] and was from the 'Arusi tribe.[2] There is no historiographical information about the Arusi tribe, however. Al-Huwayzi lived in Shiraz.[3]

He was a student of 'Ali Naqi Farahani Shirazi who held the position of judgeship in Fars for years[4] and received permission to transmit hadiths from him.[5] Al-Sayyid Ni'mat Allah al-Jaza'iri[6] and Shaykh Husayn Dihdashti were his students.[7]

There is a disagreement about the date of al-Huwayzi's death. According to most sources, he died in 1112/1700-1. However, some others believe that it is a confusion with the date on which his student, al-Sayyid Ni'mat Allah al-Jaza'iri, died. It can only be said that al-Huwayzi was alive in 1073/1662-3 since he wrote an endorsement for his exegesis of the Qur'an in this year.[8] Others said that he died in 1053/1643 which is a mistake.[9]

A Shiite Muhaddith

According to some evidence, al-Huwayzi was a prominent muhaddith of his time.[10] He believed that remarks mentioned in Shiite sources as "qil-a" (i.e. it is said) should be acted upon because they were remarks by Imam al-Mahdi (a) imported into Shiite texts to protect the Shi'as.[11]

Works

The closest source to al-Huwayzi's time is Amal al-amil by al-Hurr al-Amili (d. 1104/1692) who was contemporary with al-Huwayzi.[12] He considers 'Abd 'Ali b. Jumu'a as a jurist and mentions two of his works: Nur al-Thaqalayn fi tafsir al-Qur'an in 4 volumes, and Sharh lamiyya al-'ajam which is a commentary on poems composed by Husayn b. 'Ali al-Tughra'i (d. 515/1121-2). He goes on to praise al-Huwayzi's exegesis of the Qur'an, saying that he wrote a manuscript of the book for himself. Al-Hurr al-'Amili[13] referred to another work by al-Huwayzi, Sharh shawahid al-mughni. Some people take the book to be written by his contemporary scholar and namesake, 'Abd 'Ali b. Nasir al-Huwayzi, but others take al-Hurr al-Amili's remarks more reliable since he was contemporary with al-Huwayzi.[14]

Tafsir Nur al-Thaqalayn

Nur al-Thaqalayn is a Hadith-Based Exegesis of the Quran in Arabic written by al-Huwayzi. It contains 13,422 hadiths. The work is called "Nur al-Thaqalayn" (light of the two weights), because it contains Qur'anic verses (the so-called "al-thiql al-akbar", i.e. the greater weight) and hadiths (the so-called "al-thiql al-asghar", i.e. the smaller weight), inspired by Hadith al-Thaqalayn which is accepted by all Muslims.

Notes

  1. Khāwnsārī, Rawḍāt al-jannāt, vol. 4, p. 218.
  2. Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, vol. 8, p. 29.
  3. Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ʾAmal al-āmil, part 2, p. 154; Afandī Iṣfahānī, Riyāḍ al-ʿulamāʾ, vol. 3, p. 147.
  4. Fasāʾī, Fārsnāma-yi nāṣirī, vol. 2, p. 1147.
  5. Nūrī, Khātima al-mustadrak al-wasāʾil, vol. 2, p. 159.
  6. Khāwnsārī, Rawḍāt al-jannāt, vol. 4, p. 214.
  7. Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, vol. 10, p. 227; Ḥusaynī Ashkwarī, Tarājum al-rijāl, vol. 1, p. 164.
  8. Āgā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, al-Ṭabaqāt aʿlām al-shīʿa, p. 320, 332.
  9. Ḥuwayzī, Nūr al-thaqalayn, Edited by ʿAlī Āshūr, vol. 1, p. 12.
  10. Khāwnsārī, Rawḍāt al-jannāt, vol. 4, p. 215.
  11. Khāwnsārī, Rawḍāt al-jannāt, vol. 4, p. 215.
  12. Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ʾAmal al-āmil, p. ?
  13. Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ʾAmal al-āmil, p. ?
  14. Afandī Iṣfahānī, Riyāḍ al-ʿulamāʾ wa ḥiyāḍ al-fuḍalāʾ, vol. 3, p. 148; Āgā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, al-Dharīʿa, vol. 14, p. 43, 74; vol. 18, p. 272.

References

Āgā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, Muḥammad Muḥsin. Al-Dharīʿa ilā taṣānīf al-shīʿa. Edited by ʿAlī Naqī Munzawī and Aḥmad Munzawī. Beirut: 1403 AH.

  • Āgā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, Muḥammad Muḥsin. Al-Ṭabaqāt aʿlām al-shīʿa. Beirut: 1411 AH.
  • Amīn, Sayyid Muḥsin al-. Aʿyān al-Shīʿa. [n.p]. [n.d].
  • Ayāzī, Sayyid Mūhammad ʿAlī. Al-Mufassirūn; ḥayātuhum wa manhajuhum. Tehran: 1414 AH.
  • Afandī Iṣfahānī, ʿAbd Allāh. Riyāḍ al-ʿulamāʾ wa ḥiyāḍ al-fuḍalāʾ. Edited by Aḥmad Ḥusaynī. Qom: 1401 AH.
  • Fasāʾī, Ḥasan b. Ḥasan. Fārsnāma-yi nāṣirī. Edited by Mansur Rastgār Nāṣirī. Tehran: 1367 Sh.
  • Ḥusaynī Ashkwarī, Aḥmad. Tarājum al-rijāl. Qom: 1414 AH.
  • Ḥuwayzī, ʿAbd ʿAlī b. al-Jumʿa al-. Nūr al-thaqalayn. Edited by Ḥāshim Rasūlī Maḥallātī. Qom: 1383-1385 Sh.
  • Ḥuwayzī, ʿAbd ʿAlī b. al-Jumʿa al-. Nūr al-thaqalayn. Edited by ʿAlī Āshūr. Beirut: 1422 AH.
  • Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ʾAmal al-āmil. Baghdad: 1385 AH- Qom: 1362 Sh.
  • Khāwnsārī, Muḥammad Bāqir. Rawḍāt al-jannāt. [n.p]. [n.d].
  • Maʿrifat, Muḥammad Hādī. Al-Tafsīr wa al-mufassirūn fī thawba al-qashīb. Mashhad: 1418, 1419 AH.
  • Nūrī, Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad Taqī. Khātima al-mustadrak al-wasāʾil. Qom: 1415-1420 AH.