Abd Allah al-Fadil al-Tuni

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Abd Allah al-Fadil al-Tuni
The tomb of al-Fadil al-Tuni in Kermanshah
The tomb of al-Fadil al-Tuni in Kermanshah
Personal Information
Full Name'Abd Allah b. Muhammad al-Tuni
EpithetAl-Fadil al-Tuni
Religious AffiliationTwelver Shia
Place of BirthBoshruyeh in Khorasan
ResidenceMashhad, Qazvin, Isfahan
Studied inIsfahan
DeathRabi' I 16, 1071/November 19, 1660
Burial PlaceKermanshah 34°19′05″N 47°08′07″E / 34.317973°N 47.135416°E / 34.317973; 47.135416
Scholarly Information


ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-Tūnī (Arabic: عبداللّه بن محمد التوني) (d. 1071/1660), known as al-Fāḍil al-Tūnī (Arabic: الفاضل التوني), was an Imami faqih and Akhbari in the 11th/17th century. Not much is known about his personal life. He studied in Isfahan. He also lived in Mashhad and Qazvin, and died in Kermanshah. One of his important works is al-Wafiya.

Biography

Nothing is known about the year of his birth, his educations, and his teachers. He was born in Boshruyeh, fourteen parasangs (a historical unit of distance) from Tun (today's Ferdows). Thus, he was also known as Mulla 'Abd Allah Bushruyi Khurasani.

Mulla Abd Allah al-Tuni lived in Isfahan in the school of Mawla Abd Allah al-Shushtari for a while, and then moved to Mashhad and lived there for a while. He then departed to visit al-'Atabat al-'Aliyat (holy shrines) in Iraq, but on his way in Qazvin, his friend, Mawla Khalil al-Qazwini, asked him to stay there. Thus, he had a sojourn there for a while.

Al-Tuni died on Rabi' I 16, 1071/November 19, 1660, in Kermanshah and was buried there.

Scholarly Life

Tendency to Akhbarism

His contemporary scholar, al-Hurr al-'Amili, referred to him as a knowledgeable scholar and a pious and ascetic faqih (jurist).

Al-Shaykh al-Ansari mentioned al-Tuni as an Akhbari scholar, but al-Tuni's remarks in his al-Wafiya shows that he was a moderate Akhbari. He acknowledged usul al-fiqh (principles of jurisprudence), unlike radical Akhbaris, who completely set it aside. Even some scholars considered him as an usuli scholar. In fact, with his book, al-Wafiya, al-Tuni led Akhbarism to a moderate approach. Together with Mirza Muhammad b. Hasan Shirwani and al-Muhaqqiq al-Khwansari, he started a new movement in Iran that led to the strength of the usuli approach in Iran, against the Akhbari approach in Iraq which was centred in Karbala.

Scholarly Work

Two of al-Tuni's books are available to us, which have been published.

See also

References