Amr b. Hurayth al-Makhzumi

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Amr b. Hurayth al-Makhzumi
An agent of Umayyad Dynasty
TeknonymAbu Sa'id
LineageQuraysh
Birth2/623-4
Place of ResidenceKufa
Death/Martyrdom78/697-8 or 85/704-5
EraEarly Islam
Known forPlaying role in martyrdom of Maytham al-Tammar, Muslim b. Aqil, and Hujr b. Adi
Notable rolesDeputy of Ziyad b. Abih


ʿAmr b. Ḥurayth al-Qurashī al-Makhzūmī (Arabic: عمرو بن حُرَیث القرشي المخزومي) (b. 2/623-4 - d. 78/697-8 or 85/704-5) was an advocate of Umayyads and the rulers of Kufa from the time of 'Uthman until the Uprising of al-Mukhtar. He had a role in the martyrdom of Maytham al-Tammar, Muslim b. 'Aqil, and Hujr b. 'Adi.

Lineage and Teknonym

'Amr b. Hurayth b. 'Amr b. 'Uthman b. 'Abd Allah b. 'Umar b. Makhzum al-Qurashi al-Makhzumi[1] was born in 2/623-4 or before the Hijra.[2] The Prophet (s) passed his hand over his head and made prayer for him.[3] His teknonym was Abu Sa'id.<refIbn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710></ref> He was from the al-Makhzum branch of Quraysh tribe and his lineage, Khalid b. Walid, and Abu Jahl b. Hisham reached 'Abd Allah b. al-Makhzum, .[4]

Before the Battle of 'Ashura

'Amr b. Hurayth was the first person from Quraysh who resided in Kufa.[5] He was the deputy of Sa'id b. 'As when he was the governor of Kufa appointed by 'Uthman.[6]

Ziyad b. Abih appointed him as his deputy in Kufa.[7] When Ziyad was in Basra, Hujr b. 'Adi and his companions threw a stone at Amr b. Hurayth at the time of giving sermon of Friday prayer. 'Amr reported it to Ziyad and he imprisoned Hujr b. 'Adi and sent his agent to capture Hujr's companions.[8] 'Amr was among those who testified against Hujr b. 'Adi.[9]

After Ziyad b. Abih died, 'Amr joined 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad and helped him manage the affairs of Basra and Kufa and managed them in his absence.[10]

In the Battle of 'Ashura

'Amr b. Hurayth had a role in the martyrdom of Maytham al-Tammar[11] and suppressing the uprising of Muslim b. 'Aqil. After Ibn Ziyad found about the hiding place of Muslim, he sent 'Amr and Muhammad b. Ash'ath with 70 people to Muslim.[12]

After Muslim b. 'Aqil was martyred. Ibn Ziyad wanted to kill al-Mukhtar but after the testimony of Amr b. Hurayth withdrew from killing al-Mukhtar and imprisoned him instead.[13]

After Imam al-Husayn (a) arrived in Karbala, 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad appointed 'Amr to manage the affairs of Kufa, and he and his companions went out of Kufa and camped in Nukhayla and blocked the way of people to join Imam al-Husayn (a).[14]

After 'Ashura

After Imam al-Husayn (a) and his companions were martyred, 'Amr b. Hurayth was at the service of Umayyads.[15] After Yazid died and Tawwabun made an uprising, 'Amr was exiled out of Kufa.[16] After Mus'ab b. Zubayr was killed and 'Abd al-Malik b. Marwan took power over Iraq, 'Amr was appointed to manage the affairs of Kufa in the absence of its governors.[17] Finally, 'Amr b. Hurayth died in 78/697-8[18] or 85/704-5[19] in Kufa.[20]

Transmission of Hadiths

'Amr transmitted hadiths from the Prophet (s),[21] Imam Ali (a), Abu Bakr, 'Umar, Ibn Mas'ud and others.

His son, Ja'far, his brother Sa'id,[22] al-Mughira b. Basi', al-Walid b. Sari', 'Abd al-Malik b. 'Umayr, Isma'il b. Abi Khalid, Khalaf b. Khalifa and others have narrated hadiths from him.[23]

Notes

  1. Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710.
  2. Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 4, p. 510.
  3. Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 1, p. 340.
  4. Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710.
  5. Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710.
  6. Ibn Khaldūn, Tārīkh Ibn Khaldūn, vol. 2, p. 591.
  7. Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 5, p. 210 and 245.
  8. Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 223-224.
  9. Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 5, p. 254.
  10. Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 4, p. 510; Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 5, p. 396; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 5, p. 588.
  11. Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 6, p. 250; Kashshī, Rijāl, p. 85.
  12. Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib, vol. 4, p. 93; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 5, p. 350.
  13. Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 6, p. 377; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 5, p. 50.
  14. Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 1, p. 466.
  15. Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 45, p. 356; Ibn Aʿtham, al-Futūḥ, vol. 5, p. 143.
  16. Ibn Aʿtham, al-Futūḥ, vol. 6, p. 206.
  17. Khalīfa, Tārīkh-i Khalīfa, p. 186; Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 6, p. 326.
  18. Khalīfa, Tārīkh-i Khalīfa, p. 174; Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 1, p. 86.
  19. Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710; Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 1, p. 86; Ibn al-Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 4, p. 516.
  20. Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710.
  21. Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 3, p. 1172.
  22. Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 2, p. 620' Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 2, p. 232.
  23. Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 4, p. 510.

References

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  • Dīnawarī, Aḥmad b. Dāwūd al-. Al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl. Edited by ʿAbd al-Munʿim ʿĀmir and Jamāl al-Dīn Shiyāl. Qom: Manshūrāt al-Sharīf al-Raḍī, 1368Sh.
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