Kazim (title)

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This article is about title of Imam Musa b. Ja'far (a). For the character of Imam (a), see Imam Musa b. Ja'far al-Kazim (a).

Kāẓim (Arabic: الکاظِم) is one of the best-known titles of Imam Musa b. Ja'far (a).[1]

The reason why he was known as kazim was that he restrained his anger[2] and was patient against cruelties[3]. According to books of Islamic ethics, a person who restrains his or her anger is called kazim.[4]

Sibt b. al-Jawzi (d. 654-1256) writes in his Tadhkirat al-khawass that Imam Musa al-Kazim (a) was known as kazim because he sent to money to everyone who hurt him.[5] In his Sirat al-a'immat al-ithnay 'ashar, Sayyid Hashim Ma'ruf al-Hsani (d. 1984) cites Tadhkirat al-khawass and says that he was known as kazim because when someone wronged him, he sent to him the money that would fullfil his needs.[6]

There are various anecdotes in sources to the effect that Imam al-Kazim (a) suppressed his anger against his enemies and those who wronged him.[7] For instance, a person from the progeny of 'Umar b. al-Khattab humiliated Imam 'Ali (a) in the presence of Imam al-Kazim (a). The Imam’s companions wanted to attack him, but the Imam (a) prevented them. He then went to the man’s farm, but as soon as he saw Imam al-Kazim (a), he began to cry and warned against treading his crops. The Imam approached him and asked "how much did you spend for your farm?" The man replied, "one hundred dinars!" "Then how much do you hope to benefit from your harvest?" The Imam (a) asked. "I do not know the future!" The man replied. "How much do you hope to harvest?" The Imam (a) asked, and the man said, "two hundred dinars." The Imam (a) gave him three hundred dinars and said, "take these three hundred dinars and keep your harvest." He then went to the mosque. The man hasted to the mosque and when he saw the Imam (a), he recited this Quranic verse: "Allah knows best where to place His apostleship".Qur'an 8:124.[8]


Notes

  1. ↑ Irbilī, Kashf al-ghumma fī maʿrifat al-aʾimma, vol. 2, p. 743.
  2. ↑ Ibn Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 6, p. 164.
  3. ↑ Ṭabrisī, Iʿlām al-warā, vol. 2, p. 164.
  4. ↑ Narāqī, Jāmiʿ al-saʿādāt, vol. 1, p. 333; Ghazālī, Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-dīn, vol. 3, p. 176.
  5. ↑ Sibṭ b. al-Jawzī, Tadhkirat al-khawāṣ, p. 312.
  6. ↑ Ḥasanī ,Sīrat al-aʾimat al-ithnay ʿashar, vol. 3, p. 305.
  7. ↑ Mufīd, al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 233; Qarashī, Ḥayāt al-Imām Mūsā b. Ja'far (a), vol. 2, p. 160-162.
  8. ↑ Baghdādī, Tārīkh-i Baghdād, vol. 13, p. 30.

References

  • Ghazālī, Muḥammad. Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-dīn. Beirut: 1406 AH/1986.
  • Ḥasanī, Sayyid Hāshim al-.Sīrat al-aʾimat al-ithnay ʿashar. Najaf: Maktabat al-Ḥaydariyya, 1382 AH.
  • Ibn al-Athīr al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Abī l-Karam. Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, 1385 AH-1965.
  • Irbilī, ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā al-. Kashf al-ghumma fī maʿrifat al-aʾimma. Qom: Raḍī, 1421 AH.
  • Khaṭīb Baghdādī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Tārīkh-i Baghdād. Edited by Musṭafā ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1417 AH.
  • Mufīd, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. Al-Irshād fī maʿrifat ḥujaj Allāh ʿalā l-ʿibād. Qom: Kungira-yi Shaykh al-Mufīd, 1413 AH.
  • Narāqī, Mahdī b. Abī Dhar. Jāmiʿ al-saʿādāt. Edited by Muḥammad Kalāntar. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1967.
  • Qarashī, Bāqir Sharīf al-. Ḥayāt al-Imām Mūsā b. Jaʿfar (a). Qom: Mihr-i Dildār, 1429 AH.
  • Sibṭ b. al-Jawzī, Yūsuf b. Qazāwughlī. Tadhkirat al-khawāṣ. Qom: al-Sharīf al-Raḍī, 1418 AH.
  • Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Iʿlām al-warā bi-aʿlām al-hudā. Qom: Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt li-Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1417 AH.
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