Martyrs of Karbala
- For complete list of all of the companions of Imam al-Husayn (a), see list of companions of Imam al-Husayn (a).
| Mourning of Muharram |
|---|
 |
| Events |
| Figures |
| Places |
| Occasions |
| Rituals |
| Timeline of the Battle of Karbala | |
| 60/680 | |
| Rajab 15 | Death of Mu'awiya b. Abi Sufyan |
| Rajab 28 | Departure of Imam al-Husayn b. 'Ali (a) from Medina. |
| Sha'ban 3 | Arrival of Imam al-Husayn (a) to Mecca. |
| Ramadan 10 | Arrival of Kufiyans' first letter to Imam (a) |
| Ramadan 12 | Arrival of 150 letters from Kufa |
| Ramadan 14 | Arrival of the letter from leaders of Kufa |
| Ramadan 15 | Departure of Muslim b. 'Aqil from Mecca toward Kufa. |
| Shawwal 5 | Arrival of Muslim b. 'Aqil to Kufa. |
| Dhu l-Hijja 8 | Departure of Imam al-Husayn (a) form Mecca |
| Dhu l-Hijja 8 | Uprising of Muslim b. 'Aqil in Kufa |
| Dhu l-Hijja 9 | Martyrdom of Muslim b. 'Aqil |
| 61/680 | |
| Muharram 1 | Asking for help of 'Ubayd Allah b. al-Hurr al-Ju'fi and 'Amr b. Qays in Banu Maqatil |
| Muharram 2 | Arrival of Imam (a) to Karbala |
| Muharram 3 | Arrival of 'Umar b. Sa'd with 4,000 people to Karbala |
| Muharram 6 | Habib b. Muzahir's asking for help of Banu Asad |
| Muharram 7 | Banding of water by 'Umar b. Sa'd |
| Muharram 7 | Muslim b. 'Awsaja al-Asadi joined Imam (a) |
| Muharram 9 | Arrival of Shimr b. Dhi l-Jawshan to Karbala |
| Muharram 9 | Shimr's Safe conduct for Umm al-Banin's children |
| Muharram 9 | Announcing of the Battle by 'Umar b. Sa'd and Imam's (a) asking for a delay |
| Muharram 10 | Events of Ashura |
| Muharram 11 | Moving the captives towards Kufa |
| Muharram 11 | Burial of martyrs by Banu Asad |
| Muharram 12 | Burial of a few member of martyrs |
| Muharram 13 | Arrival of captives to Kufa |
| Muharram 19 | Moving the captives from Kufa towards Syria |
| Safar 1 | Arrival of the captives to Syria |
| Safar 20 | Arba'in |
| Safar 20 | Return of Ahl al-Bayt (a) to Karbala |
| Safar 20 | Moving from Karbala toward Medina (in some accounts) |
Martyrs of Karbala (Arabic: شهداء كربلاء) are those who were martyred on Muharram 10th ('Ashura'), 61/680, in Karbala by 'Umar b. Sa'd's army. Martyrs of Karbala include Imam al-Husayn (a), some members of Banu Hashim (Hashemites) and some of his companions. The exact number of martyrs of Karbala is unknown; however according to what is reported by majority of historians they were 72. Some martyrs are mentioned in all of the books, in which the event of Karbala is narrated, but some are only mentioned in some sources. 18 martyrs are from Banu Hashim (Hashimites) and the rest are Imam al-Husayn's companions. 'Abbas b. Ali and 'Ali al-Akbar, Imam al-Husayn's son, are the best known martyrs of Banu Hashim and Hurr b. Yazid al-Riyahi, Habib b. Muzahir and Muslim b. 'Awsaja al-Asadi are the famous martyrs among Imam's companions. Except for Hurr b. Yazid, all the martyrs were buried in Karbala.
Contents
Number of Martyrs
There are different reports about the number of the martyrs of Karbala in sources. However, in most of them they were counted 72, 18 of which were from Banu Hashim (Hashemites) and the rest were from other tribes. They were divided into 34 cavalry and 40 infantry. In al-Irsahd, al-Shaykh al-Mufid reported that the heads of martyrs of Karbala were 72. Reporting the same number of heads, Baladhuri added that Abu Mikhnaf narrated the number of heads which was brought by each tribe to 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad: 13 heads were brought by the tribe of Kinda led by Qays b. Ash'ath, 20 heads by Hawazin led by Shimr b. Dhi l-Jawshan, 17 heads by Banu Tamim, 16 heads by Banu Asad, 7 heads by Madhhij and 9 heads by Qays (totally 82 heads).
Some other sources have reported different numbers:
- Mas'udi: All people who were killed along with Husayn (a) on the day of 'Ashura' in Karbala were 87.
- Some reported that the martyrs on that day were 61. However, it is possible that the narrator had not added the number of the martyrs of Banu Hashim. By adding the number of martyrs of Banu Hashim the result would be the same as the next report.
- Al-Sayyid b. Tawus: it is narrated that the companions of Imam al-Husayn (a) were 78 people, 79 with Imam (a).
- Muhammad Baqir al-Majlisi has narrated from Muhammad b. Abi Talib that they were 82.
- It is also reported from Imam al-Baqir (a) that the martyrs of Karbala were 45 cavalry and 100 infantry.
Martyrs of Banu Hashim
According to authentic sources, 18 individuals from Banu Hashim were martyred with Imam al-Husayn (a) in Karbala.
Children of Imam 'Ali (a)
- 'Abbas
- 'Abd Allah
- 'Uthman
- Ja'far
- Abu Bakr
- Muhammad
Children of Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a)
- Qasim
- Abu Bakr
- 'Abd Allah
Children of Imam al-Husayn (a)
- 'Ali known as Ali al-Akbar
- 'Abd Allah known as Ali al-Asghar
Others
Rare Reports
The name of 42 members of Banu Hashim was mentioned just in some of references:
- Ibrahim b. 'Ali
- 'Abbas Asghar b. 'Ali
- Ja'far b. 'Ali
- 'Abd Allah Akbar b. 'Ali
- 'Abd Allah Asghar b. 'Ali
- 'Ubayd Allah b. 'Ali
- 'Umar b. 'Ali
- 'Atiq b. 'Ali
- Qasim b. 'Ali
- Bishr b. al-Hasan
- 'Umar b. al-Hasan
- Abu Bakr b. al-Husayn
- Abu Bakr b. Qasim b. al-Husayn
- Ibrahim b. al-Husayn
- Ja'far b. al-Husayn
- Hamza b. al-Husayn
- Zayd b. al-Husayn
- Qasim b. al-Husayn
- Muhammad b. al-Husayn
- 'Umar b. al-Husayn
- Muhammad b. 'Aqil
- Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah b. 'Aqil
- Hamza b. 'Aqil
- 'Ali b. 'Aqil
- 'Awn b. 'Aqil
- Ja'far b. Muhammad b. 'Aqil
- Abu Sa'id b. 'Aqil
- Ibrahim b. Muslim b. 'Aqil
- Muhammad b. Muslim b. 'Aqil
- 'Abd al-Rahman b. Muslim b. 'Aqil
- 'Ubayd Allah b. Muslim b. 'Aqil
- Abu 'Abd Allah b. Muslim b. 'Aqil
- 'Ali b. Muslim b. 'Aqil
- Ibrahim b. Ja'far
- Muhammad b. Ja'far
- 'Awn b. Ja'far b. Ja'far
- Abu Bakr b. 'Abd Allah b. Ja'far
- 'Awn Asghar b. 'Abd Allah b. Ja'far
- Husayn b. 'Abd Allah b. Ja'far
- 'Ubayd Allah b. 'Abd Allah b. Ja'far
- Muhammad b. 'Abbas
- Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Hashimi
Martyrs of Companions
I do not know any companion better and more loyal than my companions ...
Companions of Imam al-Husayn from Sahaba
Companions of Imam al-Husayn from Companions of Imam 'Ali
Companions of Imam al-Husayn
- Ibrahim b. Husayn al-Asadi
- Hudhayfa b. Asid al-Ghifari's nephew (the son of his brother)
- Abu Hayaj
- Adham b. Umayya
- Anis b. Ma'qil al-Asbahi
- Burayr b. Khudayr al-Hamdani
- Bashir b. 'Amr al-Hadrami
- Jabir b. Hajjaj
- Jabala b. 'Ali al-Shaybani
- Junada b. Harith
- Jundab b. Hujayr
- Jawn b. Huway (Abu Dhar's slave)
- Juwayn b. Malik
- Harith b. Imra' al-Qays
- Harith b. Nahban
- Hamza b. 'Abd al-Muttalib's slave
- Hatuf b. Harith
- Hajjaj b. Zayd
- Hajjaj b. Masruq
- Al-Hurr b. Yazid al-Riyahi
- Hallas b. 'Amr
- Nu'man b. 'Amr
- Hanzala b. As'ad
- Rafi'
- Rumayth b. 'Amr
- Zuhayr b. Bishr al-Khath'ami
- Zuhayr b. Sulaym al-Azdi
- Zuhayr b. Qayn al-Bajali
- Zayd b. Ma'qal
- Salim
- Sa'd b. Hanzala al-Tamimi
- Sa'd b. 'Abd Allah al-Hanafi
- Sa'id b. Kardam
- Sulayman (Imam al-Husayn's slave)
- Sulayman b. Rabi'a
- Sawwar b. Abi Himyar
- Suwayd b. 'Amr b. Abi Muta'
- Sayf b. Harith al-Jabiri
- Shabib b. 'Abd Allah al-Nahshali
- Sayf b. Malik
- Darghama b. Malik
- Shawdhab
- Dubab b. 'Amir
- 'Abis b. Abi Shabib al-Shakiri
- 'Amir b. Muslim
- Salim ('Amir b. Muslim's slave)
- 'Ubbad b. Abi Muhajir
- 'Abd al-Rahman b. 'Abd Allah al-Arhabi
- 'Abd Allah b. Qays al-Ghifari
- 'Abd al-Rahman b. Qays al-Ghifari
- 'Uqba b. Salt
- 'Ammar b. Hassan al-Ta'i
- 'Umran b. Ka'b
- 'Umar b. Ahduth al-Hadrami
- 'Amr b. Khalid al-Saydawi
- Sa'd b. 'Abd Allah al-Kufi, ('Amr b. Khalid al-Saydawi's slave)
- 'Amr b. Khalid al-Azdi
- Khalid b. 'Amr al-Azdi
- 'Amr b. Dabi'a
- 'Amr b. 'Abd Allah al-Junda'i
- 'Amr b. Qarza al-Ansari
- Imam al-Husayn's turk slave
- Qarib (Imam al-Husayn's slave)
- Qasim b. Habib al-Azdi
- Qa'nab b. 'Amr al-Namiri
- Kinana b. 'Atiq
- Malik b. 'Abd b. Sari' al-Jabiri
- Mujamma' b. Ziyad
- Mujamma' b. 'Abd Allah al-'A'idhi
- Mujamma' b. 'Abd Allah al-'A'idhi's son
- Mas'ud b. Hajjaj
- 'Abd al-Rahman b. Mas'ud
- Muslim (Aslam) b. Kathir
- Munjih (Imam al-Husayn's slave)
- Na'im b. 'Ajlan
- Hafhaf b. Muhannad al-Rasibi
- Hammam b. Salama al-Qanisi
- Wahb b. Wahb
- Yahya b. Sulaym al-Mazini
- Abu Sha'sha'a, Yazid b. Ziyad b. Muhasir
- Yazid b. Nabit al-'Abdi
- 'Abd Allah b. Nabit al-'Abdi
- 'Ubayd Allah b. Nabit al-'Abdi
The Manner and Place of Burying the Martyrs
Muharram 11 th or 13 th is mentioned as the time when the martyrs of Karbala were buried. According to some reports, after Ibn Sa'd and his soldiers returned, a group of people from Bani Asad who lived near Karbala, went to the battlefield and at a time of night, when they were safe from the enemies, prayed upon the bodies of Imam al-Husayn (a) and his companions and then buried them.
Most of the martyrs are buried in the collective grave of the martyrs of Karbala, below the grave of Imam al-Husayn (a). Ali al-Akbar (a) is buried below the feet of Imam (a) and Ali al-Asghar (a), according to the more famous report, is buried beside Imam (a). The shrine of 'Abbas b. Ali (a) is near 'Alqama Creek and the shrine of Hurr b. Yazid al-Riyahi is in the outskirt of the city of Karbala.
See Also
References
- The material for writing this article is mainly taken from شهدای کربلا in Farsi WikiShia.
