Sura al-Nazi'at

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This article is an introduction to the Sura al-Nazi'at; to read its text see text:Sura al-Nazi'at.
Sura al-Nazi'at
al-Naba'
Sura Number79
Juz'30
Revelation
Revelation Number81
Makki/MadaniMakki
Information
Verse Count46
Word Count133
Letter Count553\


Sūra al-Naziʿāt (Arabic: سورة النازعات) is the seventy ninth sura of the Qur'an. It is a Makki sura located in juz' thirty. This sura is called al-Nazi'at because it begins with God's oath upon al-nazi'at. "Al-nazi'at" refers to the angels which take the souls from the dead. Sura al-Nazi'at describes the Day of Judgment, its appalling scenes, the destinies of the righteous ones and wrongdoers on that day, the story of Prophet Moses (a) and the destiny of Pharaoh. Finally, it emphasizes on this fact that no one knows when the Day of Judgment would take place.

In Sura al-Nazi'at, Dahw al-Ard (expansion of the earth) has been mentioned. It is mentioned in hadiths that the earth expanded from the land of Mecca or the Ka'ba. About the merits of recitation of this sura, it is narrated from the Prophet (s) that whoever recites Sura al-Nazi'at, his waiting and reckoning of his deeds in the Day of Judgment will take as short as the time needed to perform one of the obligatory prayers.

Introduction

  • Naming

This sura is called al-Nazi'at because it begins with God's oath upon al-nazi'at.[1] "Al-nazi'at" refers to the angels which take the souls of the dead.[2]

  • Place and Order of Revelation

Sura al-Nazi'at is a Makki sura and the eighty first sura revealed to the Prophet (s). It is seventy ninth sura in the current order of the Qur'an located at the beginning of juz' thirty.[3]

  • Number of Verses and Other Features

Sura al-Nazi'at has forty six verses, 133 words and 553 letters. Regarding volume, this sura is among Mufassalat (suras with short verses). It is among suras beginning with oath and has five consecutive oaths.[4]

Content

According to Tafsir-i nimuna, the content of the sura is summarized in six parts:

  • Emphasis on the happening of the Day of Judgment using several swears.
  • Mentioning the horrible and terrifying scenes of the Day of Judgment.
  • A brief and short look at the story of the Prophet Moses (a) and the destiny of Pharaoh which is both a cause of relief for the Prophet (s) and the believers and a warning for polytheists as well as a hint that the human's rejection of the hereafter would taint him with such a sins.
  • Mentioning examples of the signs of God's Power in the sky and on the earth which are the reasons for the possibility of the hereafter and the life after death.
  • Explanation of some other events on the Day of Judgment and the destiny of the rebels against God and the reward of the righteous ones.
  • Emphasis on the point that no one knows when the Day of Judgment will take place, but it is certain that it is near.[5]
Content of Sura al-Nazi'at[6]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Answering the questions of unbelievers about the happening of the Judgment Day
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preface: verses 1-9
Certainty of the happening of the Judgment Day and humiliation of unbelievers
 
First question: verses 10-14
How decayed bones revive?
 
Second question: verses 15-26
How can powerful people like Pharaoh be punished?
 
Third question: verses 27-41
How is it possible that human beings will be recreated?
 
Fourth question: verses 42-46
When does the Judgement Day take place?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First point: verses 10-12
Rejection of the revival of decayed bones
 
First point: verses 15-20
Inviting Pharaoh to servitude of God by Moses (a)
 
First point: verses 27-33
Creation of human is not more difficult than the creation of the sky and the earth
 
First point: verses 42-45
Only God knows when the Judgement Day will take place
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Second point: verses 13-14
revival of human being with one order
 
Second point: verses 21-24
Pharaoh's disobedience of the invitation of Moses (a)
 
Second point: verses 34-41
Upon the happening of the Judgement Day, punishment of unbelievers and the reward of believers is certain
 
Second point: verse 46
the Judgement Day will happen sooner than what unbelievers think
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Second point: verses 21-24
Pharaoh's disobedience of the invitation of Moses (a)

Expansion of the Earth (Dahw al-Ard)

In verse thirty of Sura al-Nazi'at, the expansion of the earth (Dahw al-Ard) is mentioned.

It refers to the appearance of the lands of the earth out of water.[7] According to some hadiths and old Islamic sources, all the lands of the earth were first under water, then they appeared out of water.[8] In some hadiths and historical books too, it is mentioned that the first place on the earth which appeared out of water was the land of Mecca or the Ka'ba.[9] According to hadiths and books of jurisprudence, Dahw al-Ard happened on Dhu l-Qa'da 25 and fasting in this day is recommended.[10]

Famous Verses

In these verses, description and destiny of the inhabitants of the Paradise and the hell are mentioned. In the exegesis of these verses, it is mentioned that the preference of this world over the hereafter and following carnal desires are among the signs of rebellion against God and fighting with carnal desires is a sign of fear of God's status.[11]

It is also mentioned that the reason for human's disobedience of God is human's vanity which originates from lack of knowledge about God and His position. In contrast, knowing God leads to fear from His disobedience and having dominance over carnal desires.[12] In hadiths from Imam al-Sadiq (a), it is mentioned about the verse "him who is awed to stand before his Lord" (Qur'an 79:40), "a person who knows that God sees and hears what he says and does, it prevents him from doing bad deeds, and he is the person who awes the position of his Lord."[13]

Merits and Benefits

In hadiths, many merits are mentioned for recitation of Sura al-Nazi'at including the point that reckoning of such a reciter's deeds on the Day of Judgment will take as short as the time needed to perform one of the obligatory prayers, until he enters the paradise[14] and that he will not be alone in the grave and on the Day of Judgment; rather, this sura will be his companion until he enters the paradise.[15] He will pass from this world satisfied, will be resurrected satisfied and will enter the paradise satisfied.[16]

Also, in some hadiths, some benefits are mentioned for recitation of this sura such as remaining unnoticed in the enemy's sight upon his encounter, having security against the evils of vicious people and excretion of poison from his body.[17]

External Links

Notes

  1. Khurramshāhī, Dānishnāma-yi Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 1261.
  2. Rāghib al-Iṣfahānī, Mufradāt alfāẓ al-Qurʾān, under the word «نزع».
  3. Maʿrifat, Āmūzish-i ʿulūm-i Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 166.
  4. Khurramshāhī, Dānishnāma-yi Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 1261.
  5. Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, vol. 26, p. 71.
  6. Khamagar, Muhammad, Sakhtar-i suraha-yi Qur'an-i karim, Mu'assisa-yi Farhangi-yi Qur'an wa 'Itrat-i Nur al-Thaqalayn, Qom: Nashra, ed.1, 1392 Sh.
  7. Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, vol. 26, p. 100-101.
  8. Marzūqī Iṣfahānī, Kitāb al-azminat wa l-amkina, p. 35.
  9. Ṣadūq, Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh, vol. 2, p. 241; Qazwīnī, Āthār al-bilād, p. 114; Furāt al-Kūfī, Tafsīr, p. 185.
  10. Ṭūsī, Miṣbāḥ al-mutahajjid, p. 669.
  11. Ṭabāṭabāyī, al-Mīzān, vol. 20, p. 192.
  12. Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, vol. 26, p. 126.
  13. Baḥrānī, al-Burhān, vol. 5, p. 578.
  14. Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, vol. 10, p. 250.
  15. Nūrī, Mustadrak al-Wasāʾil, vol. 4, p. 35.
  16. Ṣadūq, Thawāb al-aʿmal, p. 121.
  17. Ṭabrisī, Makārim al-akhlāq, p. 365.

References

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