Titles of Lady Fatima (a)

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Titles of Lady Fatima (a) are epithets and teknonyms which are mentioned for Lady Fatima (a) in narrations and Ziyarah Texts. Al-Batul and Sayyidat Nisa' al-'Alamin are well-known among her epithets and Umm Abiha is her most well-known teknonym.

Names

The name "Fatima" is derived from the infinitive "F-Ṭ-M" (Arabic: ف-ط-م) meaning "to separate, to cut something from another." Several reasons have been mentioned for naming Lady Fatima (a) with this name including the narration, in which the Prophet (s) said, "God named her Fatima, because He separated and kept her and her lovers (and in another hadith: "her followers") away from fire." It is narrated from Imam al-Sadiq (a) that, "she (a) was named Fatima because she (a) was kept away from evil."[1]

It was narrated from Imam al-Sadiq (a) that, "Fatima (a) has nine names before God: Fatima, al-Siddiqa, al-Mubaraka, al-Tahira, al-Zakiyya, al-Radiya, al-Mardiyya, al-Muhaddatha and al-Zahra'."[2] It seems that "names" in this hadith includes both names and epithets."

Titles

In hadith references, different epithets have been mentioned for Lady Fatima (a):[3]

Title Meaning
al-Zahra' (الزهراء) luminous, bright
al-'Adhra' (العذراء) chaste
al-Ma'suma (المعصومة) infallible
al-Hawra' al-Insiyya (الحوراء الانسیة) an angel in the form of human
Hurra (الحُرّة) free
al-Mubaraka (المبارکة) blessed
al-Batul (البتول) separated from anything other than God;
a woman who does not have menstruation.
al-Tahira (الطاهرة) pure
al-Ḥaṣān (الحصان) chaste
al-Zakiyya (الزکیّة) pure (from vices)
Maryam al-Kubra (مریم الکبری) the great Maryam
al-Radiya (الراضیة) content (with God's will)
al-Siddiqa (الصدّیقة) very truthful
al-Marziyya (المرضیّة) whom God is content with
al-Nuriyya (النوریّة) luminous
al-Radiyya (الرضیّة) whom others are content with
al-Samawiyya (السماویّة) heavenly
Sayyidat Nisa' al-'Alamin (سیدة نساء العالمین) lady of the women of the world
al-Haniya (الحانیة) very merciful
al-Mansura (المنصورة) assisted
al-Muhaddatha (المحدّثَة) spoken with (by angels)
al-Zahida (الزاهدة) ascetic
al-Tayyiba (الطیّبة) pure, good
al-Taqiyya (التقیّة) pious
al-Barra (البَرَّة) good-doer
al-Mutahhara (المطهَّرَة) purified
al-Shahīda (الشهیدة) martyred
al-Sadiqa (الصادقة) truthful
al-Rashida (الرشیدة) mature, sensible and wise
al-Fadila (الفاضلة) virtuous
al-Naqiyya (النقیة) pure and genuine
al-'Alima (العلیمة) knowledgeable
al-Gharra' (الغرّاء) noble, honorable
al-Mahdiyya (المهدیّة) guided
al-Safiyya (الصفیّة) pure, clean
al-'Abida (العابدة) worshipper
al-Mutahajjida (المُتَهجِّدة) who practices vigils
al-Qanita (القانتة) always worshipping God

In some recent sources, other epithets have been mentioned for Lady Fatima (a) including:

Sayyida, Musalliya, Qa'ima, Shāhida, Sa'ima, Waliyya, Zakiya, Salima, Halima, Habiba, Jamila, Hafifa, Saliha, Musliha, Sabiha, Muhammada, Nasiba, Majida, Sharifa, Mukarrama, 'Alima, Fatiha, Mun'ima, Da'iya, Mu'allima, Shafi'a, Mushfiqa, Jahida, Nasiha, Mutahajjida, Raqiya, Nasiya, Hadira, Wafiya[4]

Teknonyms

Ibn Shahr Ashub has mentioned some teknonyms for Lady Fatima (a) in his al-Manaqib:[5]

  • Umm Abiha (أم أبیها)
  • Umm al-'A'imma (أم الأئمة)
  • Umm al-Hasan (أم الحسن)
  • Umm al-Husayn (أم الحسین)
  • Umm al-Muhsin (أم المحسن)

Notes

  1. Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib, vol. 3, p. 330; Irbilī, Kashf al-ghumma, vol. 1, 439.
  2. Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 43, p. 10.
  3. Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib, vol. 3, p. 357; Sayyid b. Ṭāwūs, Iqbāl al-a'māl, p. 112.
  4. Anṣārī, al-Mawsūʿat al-kubrā ʿan Fāṭimat al-Zahrāʾ, vol. 18, p. 346.
  5. Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib, vol. 3, p. 357.

References

  • Anṣārī, Ismāʿīl al-. Al-Mawsūʿat al-kubrā ʿan Fāṭimat al-Zahrāʾ. Qom: Dalīl-i Mā, 1428 AH.
  • Ibn Shahrāshūb, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib. Edited by Ḥāshim Rasūlī. Qom: Nashr-i ʿAllāma, 1379 Sh.
  • Irbilī, ʿAlī b. 'Īsā al-. Kashf al-ghumma fī maʿrifat al-aʾimma. Qom: Raḍī, 1421 AH.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār al-jāmiʿa li-durar akhbār al-aʾimmat al-aṭhār. Second edition. Tehran: Islāmīyya, 1363 Sh.
  • Sayyid b. Ṭāwūs, ʿAlī b. Mūsā al-. Iqbāl al-aʿmāl. Edited by Ḥusayn al-Aʿlamī. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1417 AH.