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Ali Shari'ati: Difference between revisions
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' | '''ʿAlī Mazīnānī''' (Farsi: {{ia|علی مزینانی}}; b. 1933 d. 1977) known as '''ʿAlī Sharīʿatī''' ({{ia|علی شریعتی}}) or Doctor Shari'ati was a [[Shi'a]] intellectual and [[theologian]] whose ideas and theories influenced the formation of [[Islamic Revolution]] in [[Iran]] (1979). Shari'ati's speeches in [[Husayniyya Irshad]] and a number of universities between 1968-1976 was presented to his addressees which were later published in forms of books and a collection of thirty six volume books. | ||
Shari'ati's ideas and theories about Islam, Islamic Protestantism, religious intellectualism, [[Shi'ism]], [[Alavi]] Shi'ism and [[Safavi]] Shi'ism as well as his relations with clergymen were always opposed and criticized by different groups. A number of researchers believed foundation and activities of some groups including Furqan group were originated based on Shari'ati's theories. | Shari'ati's ideas and theories about [[Islam]], Islamic Protestantism, religious intellectualism, [[Shi'ism]], [[Alavi]] Shi'ism and [[Safavi]] Shi'ism as well as his relations with clergymen were always opposed and criticized by different groups. A number of researchers believed foundation and activities of some groups including Furqan group were originated based on Shari'ati's theories. | ||
[[Morteza Motahhari]], Mahdi Bazargan, 'Ali Abu al-Hasani, Sayyid Hamid Rowhani and the journal of School of Islam were the main critics and oppositions of 'Ali Shari'ati. About thirty books have been published in rejection of Shari'ati's thoughts. In addition, about three hundred Farsi and Arabic books have been published about Shari'ati himself. | [[Morteza Motahhari]], [[Mahdi Bazargan]], 'Ali Abu al-Hasani, Sayyid Hamid Rowhani and the journal of School of Islam were the main critics and oppositions of 'Ali Shari'ati. About thirty books have been published in rejection of Shari'ati's thoughts. In addition, about three hundred Farsi and Arabic books have been published about Shari'ati himself. | ||
==Life and Education== | ==Life and Education== | ||
'Ali | 'Ali Shari'ati was born on the [[Sha'ban 5]], [[1352]]{{enote|Azar 2, 1312SH}}/November 23, 1933 in Kahak ({{ia|کاهک}}), a village in [[Sabzevar]], [[Iran]]. His father, Muhammad Taqi Shari'ati was the founder of the Center of Publication of Islamic Truths (Kanun nashr-i haqayiq-i Islami) and he was a modernist [[exegete]] of the [[Qur'an]]. Akhund Mulla Qurban'ali was the paternal grandfather of Shari'ati who was a prominent student of [[Mulla Hadi Sabziwari]]. | ||
Shari'ati studied elementary and secondary schools in [[Mashhad]]. He became a teacher in 1952. Shari'ati studied Persian literature in the University of Mashhad in 1958 and after a year he was granted scholarship. Shari'ati continued education in Paris where he was given Ph.D. degree in 1963. "Translation and Gloss on Manuscript of Fada'il al-Balkh Safi al-Din" was the title of Ph.D. thesis of 'Ali Shari'ati. | Shari'ati studied elementary and secondary schools in [[Mashhad]]. He became a teacher in 1952. Shari'ati studied Persian literature in the University of Mashhad in 1958 and after a year he was granted scholarship. Shari'ati continued education in Paris where he was given Ph.D. degree in 1963. "Translation and Gloss on Manuscript of Fada'il al-Balkh Safi al-Din" was the title of Ph.D. thesis of 'Ali Shari'ati. | ||
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'Ali Shari'ati married Fatima (Puran) Shari'at Radawi in 1958 in [[Mashhad]]. He had four children named Ehsan, Susan, Sara and Mona. | 'Ali Shari'ati married Fatima (Puran) Shari'at Radawi in 1958 in [[Mashhad]]. He had four children named Ehsan, Susan, Sara and Mona. | ||
Shari'ati returned to Iran in 1964 and he was imprisoned for six months because of his overseas political activities against Pahlavi Regime. He started teaching in University of Mashhad in 1966 as associate professor in history of Islam; Shari'ati taught Islamic studies in that time. He was among the main speakers in [[Husayniyya Irshad]] in [[Tehran]] whose speeches attracted a large number of the young and university students. | Shari'ati returned to Iran in 1964 and he was imprisoned for six months because of his overseas political activities against [[Pahlavi Regime]]. He started teaching in University of Mashhad in 1966 as associate professor in history of Islam; Shari'ati taught Islamic studies in that time. He was among the main speakers in [[Husayniyya Irshad]] in [[Tehran]] whose speeches attracted a large number of the young and university students. | ||
In 1972 when Husayniyya Irshad was closed, Shari'ati hid for a while. After some time he introduced himself to the police and he was imprisoned accordingly. When Shari'ati was released, he was living under supervision of SAVAK agency for three years and he was not allowed to have political activities, give speeches and publish books. | In 1972 when Husayniyya Irshad was closed, Shari'ati hid for a while. After some time he introduced himself to the police and he was imprisoned accordingly. When Shari'ati was released, he was living under supervision of SAVAK (Organization of Intelligence and National Security) agency for three years and he was not allowed to have political activities, give speeches and publish books. | ||
'Ali Shari'ati passed away in /June 19, 1977 in London. Iranian newspapers declared he died because of heart attack in London where he travelled to cure his eyes and heart problems. Relatives of Shari'ati claimed that he was not suffering from any heart problems at all. Also a number of revolutionary groups claimed that he was martyred in London and they called him Shari'ati the [[martyr]]. | 'Ali Shari'ati passed away in [[Rajab 2]], [[1397]]{{enote|Khordad 29, 1356SH}}/June 19, 1977 in London. Iranian newspapers declared he died because of heart attack in London where he travelled to cure his eyes and heart problems. Relatives of Shari'ati claimed that he was not suffering from any heart problems at all. Also a number of revolutionary groups claimed that he was martyred in London and they called him Shari'ati the [[martyr]]. | ||
Eventually, Shari'ati was buried in June 26, 1977 in [[Damascus]] near the holy shrine of [[Lady Zaynab (a)]]; [[Imam Musa Sadr]] and Shari'ati's relatives attended the funeral ceremony. | Eventually, Shari'ati was buried in June 26, 1977 in [[Damascus]] near the holy shrine of [[Lady Zaynab (a)]]; [[Imam Musa Sadr]] and Shari'ati's relatives attended the funeral ceremony. | ||
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[[fa:علی شریعتی]] | [[fa:علی شریعتی]] | ||
[[Category:Buried in Syria]] | |||
[[Category:Writers of 14th/20th century]] | |||
[[Category:Iranian writers]] | |||
[[Category:Iranian sociologists]] | |||