Abu Mahdhura: Difference between revisions

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  | Full name = Aws b. Miʿyar b. Lawdhān al-Jumaḥī

  | Kunya =  

  | Known for = [[Mu'adhdhin]] of Mecca

  | Notable roles = Narrating [[Adhan]] and [[Iqama]]

'''Aws b. Miʿyar b. Lawdhān al-Jumaḥī''' (Arabic:{{iarabic| اوس بن مِعیَر بن لَوذان الجُمَحی}}) (b. ? - d. [[59]]/678-9) known as '''Abū Mahdhūra''' ({{inlineArabic|ابومحذوره}}) was a companion of [[the Prophet (s)]] and [[Mu'adhdhin]] of [[Mecca]]. Abu Mahdhura's narrations in regard with [[Adhan]] and [[Iqama]] is an important basis for the their rulings.

There's a disagreement in the exact names of his and his father. Different records of historians and biographers make the ultimate conclusion over their exact names difficult. Some accounts present him as Samura or with some other names; Even in some sources, Aws or Anis has been reported as the brother of Abu Mahdhura, and that he was one of pagans killed in the [[Battle of Badr]]; according to [[Ibn 'Abbas]], this person was among those who were referred to as Muqtasimin, in verse 90 of [[Sura al-Hijr]](15:90)<ref>15:90 :{{inlineArabic|كَمَا أَنزَلْنَا عَلَى المُقْتَسِمِينَ }}(such as we send down for those who make division)</ref>. However regarding the name of his father, it is mainly a matter of wrong dictation.

Abu Mahdhura had a nice voice and in a poem, [[Abu Dahbal]] praised his loud and nice voice. It's been reported that Abu Mahdhura converted to Islam on the day of [[conquest of Mecca]], according to some accounts he converted to Islam after the [[Battle of Hunayn]] and then he was appointed by the [[Prophet (s)]] as the [[mu'adhdhin]] (reciter of Adhan) of [[Mecca]]. Also it's been reported that he, along others, repeated the Adhan which was recited by the Mu'adhdhin of the Prophet (s), upon hearing his voice, the Prophet (s) appointed him as the mu'adhdhin of Mecca.

In a narration by [[Ibn Sa'd]], three individuals are counted as the Mu'adhdhins of the Prophet (s): [[Bilal b. Rabah|Bilal]], Abu Mahdhura and [[Ibn b. Maktum]], and whenever Bilal was absent, Abu Mahdhura would recite the Adhan; however as Ibn Sa'd himself mentions Abu Mahdhura's residence in Mecca, the Issue of him being a replacement for Bilal, remains dubious.

===Reciting Adhan After the demise of the Prophet (s)===

Abu Mahdhura continued reciting [[Adhan]] in Mecca after the demise of the [[Prophet (s)]] and even when [[Mu'awiya]] appointed an Adhan reciter for his position, Abu Mahdhura pushed the appointed person into the [[Well of Zamzam]]. The recitation of Adhan in [[Masjid al-Haram]] remained in his descendants, generation after generation, for the next three centuries.

The narrations of Abu Mahdhura about [[Adhan]] and [[Iqama]] are notable in terms of their [[fiqh|jurisprudencial]] value and have been taken as bases for deducing the rulings of Adhan and Iqama. Abu Mahdhura said that the [[Prophet (s)]] had taught him [[Adhan]] word for word and had said that Adhan includes 19 words (lines) and [[Iqama]] 17.<ref>Abu Dawud, Vol.1, PP.137-8; Tirmidhi, Vol.1, PP. 366-7</ref>

Some people have narrated the sayings of Abu Mahdhura regarding [[Adhan]]: his son 'Abd al-Malik, 'Abd Allah b. Muhayriz, Safiyya bt. Bahra, Aswad b. Yazid, 'Abd al-'Aziz b. Rafi' and [[Ibn Abi Mulayka]].

Some narrators have reported from him an Adhan with two [[Takbir|Takbirs]]; on the contrary, more well-known reports present Adhan with four Takbirs.

In an account by 'Abd Allah b. Muhayriz, Abu Mahdhura recited Fajr (dawn) Adhan with [[Tathwib]] i.e. addition of Al-Salat Khayr-un min al-nawm, however, [[Imam Shafi'i|Shafi'i]] does not recognize this particular line from the Prophet (s) and expresses his dislike in this regard.

Also in a Zaydi narration by 'Abd al-'Aziz b. Rafi', the phrase: Hayya 'ala khayr al-'amal is documented among the lines of Adhan.

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{{Sahabas}}