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Abu Dharr al-Ghifari: Difference between revisions
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| Burial place = al-Rabatha | | Burial place = al-Rabatha | ||
| Converting to Islam = Among the first people | | Converting to Islam = Among the first people to convert to [[Islam]] | ||
| Cause of converting to Islam = | | Cause of converting to Islam = | ||
| Presence at [[ghazwas]] = | | Presence at [[ghazwas]] = | ||
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'''Jundab b. Junāda b. Sufyān al-Ghifārī''' (Arabic: {{ia|جُندَب بن جُنادة بن سفيان الغِفاري}}) (b. 33 [[BH]]/590 - d. [[32]]/653) known as '''Abū Dharr al-Ghifārī''' ({{iarabic|أبوذر الغفاري}}) was one of the greatest [[sahaba|companions]] of [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] [[Imam Ali (a)]]; as well as one of the [[four pillars of the Shiite]]. He was a sincere companion of Prophet Muhammad (s) and [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]]. Numerous narrations by both the [[Sunni]] and [[Shi'a]] have sung his praises. Scholars of [[rijal]] have considered him as one of the four pillars [of the Shiite]. Abu Dhar criticized the actions of [[Uthman]], the third Caliph. As a result, he was exiled to [[Syria]] and then to [[al-Rabatha]], where he passed away. | '''Jundab b. Junāda b. Sufyān al-Ghifārī''' (Arabic: {{ia|جُندَب بن جُنادة بن سفيان الغِفاري}}) (b. 33 [[BH]]/590 - d. [[32]]/653) known as '''Abū Dharr al-Ghifārī''' ({{iarabic|أبوذر الغفاري}}) was one of the greatest [[sahaba|companions]] of [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] and [[Imam Ali (a)]]; as well as one of the [[four pillars of the Shiite]]. He was a sincere companion of Prophet Muhammad (s) and [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]]. Numerous narrations by both the [[Sunni]] and [[Shi'a]] have sung his praises. Scholars of [[rijal]] have considered him as one of the four pillars [of the Shiite]. Abu Dhar criticized the actions of [[Uthman]], the third Caliph. As a result, he was exiled to [[Syria]] and then to [[al-Rabatha]], where he passed away. | ||
==Birth, Lineage, and Characteristics== | ==Birth, Lineage, and Characteristics== | ||
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==Conversion to Islam== | ==Conversion to Islam== | ||
Abu Dhar was among the first people to | Abu Dhar was among the first people to convert to [[Islam]].<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 1, p. 252; Dhahabī, ''Tārīkh al-islām'', vol. 3, p. 4-6. | ||
</ref> According to some narrations, he was a [[monotheism|monotheist]] before the emergence of Islam, he worshiped [[God]] three years before [[Bi'tha]]<ref>Shūshtarī, ''Qāmūs al-rijāl'', vol. 11, p. 322.</ref>. Ibn Habib al-Baghdadi maintains that Abu Dhar considered drinking alcohol and [[gambling]] (azlam) unlawful in [[time of ignorance]]<ref>Baghdādī, ''al-Muḥabbar'', p. 237.</ref>. After the emergence of Islam, he was among the first people who came to [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] and converted to [[Islam]]. According to a narration, Abu Dhar said: "I was the fourth one who went to the Prophet (s) and told him: peace be upon you O Messenger of Allah! I bear witness that there is no God but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad (s) is His messenger; it delighted him<ref>Ibn Ḥibbān, ''al-Ṣaḥīḥ'', vol. 16, p. 83.</ref>." | </ref> According to some narrations, he was a [[monotheism|monotheist]] before the emergence of Islam, he worshiped [[God]] three years before [[Bi'tha]]<ref>Shūshtarī, ''Qāmūs al-rijāl'', vol. 11, p. 322.</ref>. Ibn Habib al-Baghdadi maintains that Abu Dhar considered drinking alcohol and [[gambling]] (azlam) unlawful in [[time of ignorance]]<ref>Baghdādī, ''al-Muḥabbar'', p. 237.</ref>. After the emergence of Islam, he was among the first people who came to [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] and converted to [[Islam]]. According to a narration, Abu Dhar said: "I was the fourth one who went to the Prophet (s) and told him: peace be upon you O Messenger of Allah! I bear witness that there is no God but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad (s) is His messenger; it delighted him<ref>Ibn Ḥibbān, ''al-Ṣaḥīḥ'', vol. 16, p. 83.</ref>." | ||
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It is said when his wife "Umm Dhar" was crying she said to Abu Dhar: "You die in the desert, and I have nothing to enshroud your body. He replied: Do not cry and be happy, for [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] said one of you would die in the desert, and a group of Muslims will bury him. The others have passed away in cities, and I am the only one left, and I will die in the desert; Prophet Muhammad (s) was talking about me<ref>Amīn,''Aʿyān al-Shīʿa'', vol. 4, p. 241.</ref>. | It is said when his wife "Umm Dhar" was crying she said to Abu Dhar: "You die in the desert, and I have nothing to enshroud your body. He replied: Do not cry and be happy, for [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] said one of you would die in the desert, and a group of Muslims will bury him. The others have passed away in cities, and I am the only one left, and I will die in the desert; Prophet Muhammad (s) was talking about me<ref>Amīn,''Aʿyān al-Shīʿa'', vol. 4, p. 241.</ref>. | ||
When he died [[Abd Allah b. Mas'ud]] and a number of [[Ansar]], [[Hujr b. Adi]], [[Malik al-Ashtar]] and several young Muslims were passing the desert, and coincidentally they noticed Abu Dhar. Therefore, they enshrouded his body and buried him and Abd Allah b. Mas'ud performed the [[Funeral Prayer| | When he died [[Abd Allah b. Mas'ud]] and a number of [[Ansar]], [[Hujr b. Adi]], [[Malik al-Ashtar]] and several young Muslims were passing the desert, and coincidentally they noticed Abu Dhar. Therefore, they enshrouded his body and buried him and Abd Allah b. Mas'ud performed the [[Funeral Prayer|funeral prayer]] on his body<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 1, p. 253; Ibn Ḥibbān, ''al-Thiqāt'', vol. 3, p. 55. </ref>. | ||
According to all sources, Abu Dhar is buried in [[al-Rabatha]]<ref>Ḥamawī, ''Muʿjam al-buldān'', vol. 3, p. 24; Ṭurayḥī, ''Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn'', vol. 2, p. 131.</ref>. | According to all sources, Abu Dhar is buried in [[al-Rabatha]]<ref>Ḥamawī, ''Muʿjam al-buldān'', vol. 3, p. 24; Ṭurayḥī, ''Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn'', vol. 2, p. 131.</ref>. | ||