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Amir al-Mu'minin: Difference between revisions
obstract, titles, and exteranl links
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'' | {{about|a religious title|Imam 'Ali (a)|Imam 'Ali (a)}} | ||
''' | '''ʾAmīr al-Muʾminīn''' (Arabic: أمیرالمؤمنین) literally means the ruler or governor of Muslim believers. It is a title that [[Shiites]] take to be specific to [[Imam 'Ali (a)]]. According to [[hadith]]s, the title were used for 'Ali b. Abi Talib (a) at the time of [[the Prophet (s)]]. Shiites maintain that it is not permissible to use this title for [[Rashidun Caliphs]] and others. What is more, they even hold that it is not permissible to use the title for other [[Twelve Imams (a)]] either. The title has, however, been commonly used by other [[Muslims]] with a political and religious connotation. [[Sunni]] Muslims use "Amir al-Mu'minin" for all Rashidun Caliphs, [[Umayyad Caliphs]] and [[Abbasid Caliphs]]. | ||
==Literal | ==Literal Meaning== | ||
The word "Amir al-Mu'minin" literally means the ruler, governor or leader of Muslim | The word "Amir al-Mu'minin" literally means the ruler, governor or leader of Muslim believers. | ||
On | On its literal meaning, the phrase applies to [[the Prophet (s)]], since he was the leader of all Muslims. With the same literal connotation, the word has been used for [[Rashidun Caliphs]] as well as [[Umayyad]] and [[Abbasid Caliphs]]. In Islamic sources the title was commonly used among Muslims with political and religious implications. | ||
== | ==Historical Background== | ||
Shiites believe that the title was used for [['Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]] in the period of [[the Prophet (s)]] too, appealing to [[hadiths]] cited in Shiite and Sunni sources. For example, [[Ibn 'Asakir]] is quoted [[Abu Burayda Aslami]] as saying that "the Prophet (s) ordered that we greet 'Ali b. Abi Talib (a) as Amir al-Mu'minin". | Shiites believe that the title was used for [['Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]] in the period of [[the Prophet (s)]] too, appealing to [[hadiths]] cited in Shiite and Sunni sources. For example, [[Ibn 'Asakir]] is quoted [[Abu Burayda Aslami]] as saying that "the Prophet (s) ordered that we greet 'Ali b. Abi Talib (a) as Amir al-Mu'minin". | ||
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However, Sunni Muslims believe that after the demise of the Prophet (s), 'Umar was the first [[Caliph]] who used the title of "Amir al-Mu'minin" for himself. [[Ibn Khaldun]] took [['Abdullah b. Jahsh]] to be the first person who gave the title to 'Umar, but some others took [['Amr b. 'As]] or [[Mughira b. Shu'ba]] to be the first people who gave the title to 'Umar. However, 'Abdullah b. Jahsh died before the [[caliphate]] of 'Umar, and so he cannot be the one who gave the title to 'Umar. | However, Sunni Muslims believe that after the demise of the Prophet (s), 'Umar was the first [[Caliph]] who used the title of "Amir al-Mu'minin" for himself. [[Ibn Khaldun]] took [['Abdullah b. Jahsh]] to be the first person who gave the title to 'Umar, but some others took [['Amr b. 'As]] or [[Mughira b. Shu'ba]] to be the first people who gave the title to 'Umar. However, 'Abdullah b. Jahsh died before the [[caliphate]] of 'Umar, and so he cannot be the one who gave the title to 'Umar. | ||
== | ==For Shiites and Sunnis== | ||
In accordance with its literal meaning, Sunni Muslims have used the word "Amir al-Mu'minin" for all Rashidun, Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphs. | In accordance with its literal meaning, Sunni Muslims have used the word "Amir al-Mu'minin" for all Rashidun, Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphs. | ||
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However, [[Isma'ilyya]] Shiites use the title for [[Fatimi Caliphs]] and [[Zaydiyya]] Shiites use it for any [['Alawi Imam]] who established his [[imamate]] on the basis of war. | However, [[Isma'ilyya]] Shiites use the title for [[Fatimi Caliphs]] and [[Zaydiyya]] Shiites use it for any [['Alawi Imam]] who established his [[imamate]] on the basis of war. | ||
==External Links== | |||
* The material for this article is mainly taken from [[امیرالمؤمنین (لقب)|امیر المومنین]] in Farsi Wikishia. | |||
[[fa:(امیرالمؤمنین (لقب]] | [[fa:(امیرالمؤمنین (لقب]] | ||