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Imam Musa b. Ja'far al-Kazim (a): Difference between revisions
Imam Musa b. Ja'far al-Kazim (a) (view source)
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== Imamate == | == Imamate == | ||
Musa b. Ja'far (a), after the [[martyrdom]] of his father in [[148]]/765 when he was 20 years old, became the [[imam]] of [[Shi'a]].<ref>Jaʿfarīyān, ''Ḥayāt-i fikrī wa sīyāsī-yi Imāmān-i Shīʿa'', p. 385.</ref> | |||
The period of Imam al-Kazim’s (a) imamate coincided with the periods of four Abbasid caliphs.<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', vol. 2, p. 6.</ref> About 10 years of his imamate occurred in the period of al-Mansur’s caliphate (reign: 136/754-158/775); 11 years of it occurred in the period of the caliphate of al-Mahdi al-'Abbasi (reign: 158/775-169/785); one year of it occurred in the period of the caliphate of al-Hadi al-'Abbasi (reign: 169/785-170/786); and 13 years of it occurred in the period of Harun’s caliphate (reign: 170/786-193/809).<ref>Pīshwāyī, ''Sīri-yi Pīshwāyān'', p. 413.</ref> Musa b. Ja'far’s (a) imamate lasted for 35 years, and he was succeeded by his son, [[Imam al-Rida (a)]], after his martyrdom in 183/799.<ref>Jaʿfarīyān, ''Ḥayāt-i fikrī wa sīyāsī-yi Imāmān-i Shīʿa'', p. 385.</ref> | The period of Imam al-Kazim’s (a) imamate coincided with the periods of four Abbasid caliphs.<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', vol. 2, p. 6.</ref> About 10 years of his imamate occurred in the period of al-Mansur’s caliphate (reign: 136/754-158/775); 11 years of it occurred in the period of the caliphate of al-Mahdi al-'Abbasi (reign: 158/775-169/785); one year of it occurred in the period of the caliphate of al-Hadi al-'Abbasi (reign: 169/785-170/786); and 13 years of it occurred in the period of Harun’s caliphate (reign: 170/786-193/809).<ref>Pīshwāyī, ''Sīri-yi Pīshwāyān'', p. 413.</ref> Musa b. Ja'far’s (a) imamate lasted for 35 years, and he was succeeded by his son, [[Imam al-Rida (a)]], after his martyrdom in 183/799.<ref>Jaʿfarīyān, ''Ḥayāt-i fikrī wa sīyāsī-yi Imāmān-i Shīʿa'', p. 385.</ref> | ||
===Textual Evidence for his Imamate=== | ===Textual Evidence for his Imamate=== | ||
{{see also|Imamate of the Twelve Imams (a)}} | |||
From the Shiite point of view, an Imam can only be designated by the previous Imam. That is, every Imam should explicitly select and introduce his successor. On a number of occasions, [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] announced the imamate of his son, Musa, to his close companions. There are sections about the designations for the imamate of Musa b. Ja'far (a) in ''[[al-Kafi]]''<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 1, p. 307-311.</ref>, ''[[Bihar al-anwar]]''<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 48, p. 12-29.</ref>, ''[[al-Irshad]]''<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 216-222.</ref>, and ''[[I'lam al-wara]]''<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', vol. 2, p. 7-16.</ref> which have, respectively, cited 16, 46, 12, and 14 hadiths in this regard. Here are some of such hadiths: | From the Shiite point of view, an Imam can only be designated by the previous Imam. That is, every Imam should explicitly select and introduce his successor. On a number of occasions, [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] announced the imamate of his son, Musa, to his close companions. There are sections about the designations for the imamate of Musa b. Ja'far (a) in ''[[al-Kafi]]''<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 1, p. 307-311.</ref>, ''[[Bihar al-anwar]]''<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 48, p. 12-29.</ref>, ''[[al-Irshad]]''<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 216-222.</ref>, and ''[[I'lam al-wara]]''<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', vol. 2, p. 7-16.</ref> which have, respectively, cited 16, 46, 12, and 14 hadiths in this regard. Here are some of such hadiths: | ||
[[Fayd b. Mukhtar]] asked Imam al-Sadiq (a) about the next Imam. At that time, his son, Musa, entered and Imam al-Sadiq (a) introduced him as the next Imam.<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', vol. 2, p. 10.</ref> | * [[Fayd b. Mukhtar]] asked Imam al-Sadiq (a) about the next Imam. At that time, his son, Musa, entered and Imam al-Sadiq (a) introduced him as the next Imam.<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', vol. 2, p. 10.</ref> | ||
According to a hadith transmitted by [['Ali b. Ja'far]], Imam al-Sadiq (a) said about Musa b. Ja'far (a): “he is my best child, and the one who will succeed me. He will take my place. And he is the Exalted God’s [[Hujja]] (proof) for all the creatures after me”.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 220.</ref> | * According to a hadith transmitted by [['Ali b. Ja'far]], Imam al-Sadiq (a) said about Musa b. Ja'far (a): “he is my best child, and the one who will succeed me. He will take my place. And he is the Exalted God’s [[Hujja]] (proof) for all the creatures after me”.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 220.</ref> | ||
According to a report in ''[['Uyun akhbar al-Rida (a)]]'', Harun al-Rashid told his son that Musa b. Ja'far was the right Imam and the most competent person for the succession of [[the Prophet (s)]], describing his own caliphate or leadership to be only apparent or based on force.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā'', vol. 1, p. 91.</ref> | According to a report in ''[['Uyun akhbar al-Rida (a)]]'', Harun al-Rashid told his son that Musa b. Ja'far was the right Imam and the most competent person for the succession of [[the Prophet (s)]], describing his own caliphate or leadership to be only apparent or based on force.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā'', vol. 1, p. 91.</ref> | ||