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[[File:موکب عزادارن حسینیه اعظم زنجان.jpg1.jpg|thumbnail|Mourning ceremony of Tasu'a, [[Zanjan]], [[Iran]]]] | [[File:موکب عزادارن حسینیه اعظم زنجان.jpg1.jpg|thumbnail|Mourning ceremony of Tasu'a, [[Zanjan]], [[Iran]]]] | ||
'''Tasuʿa''' (Arabic: {{ia|تاسوعاء}}) is the 9th day of [[Muharram]], and it refers to [[Muharram 9]], 61/[[October 12]], 680 the day before the [[Day of 'Ashura]]. On that day, [[Shimr]] came to [[Karbala]] bringing a letter from [['Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad]] in which [['Umar b. Sa'd]] was asked to either be serious in treating [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] or | '''Tasuʿa''' (Arabic: {{ia|تاسوعاء}}) is the 9th day of [[Muharram]], and it refers to [[Muharram 9]], 61/[[October 12]], 680 the day before the [[Day of 'Ashura]]. On that day, [[Shimr]] came to [[Karbala]] bringing a letter from [['Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad]] in which [['Umar b. Sa'd]] was asked to either be serious in treating [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] or leave the command of the army to Shimr. 'Umar b. Sa'd refused to leave the command of the army to Shimr and prepared to fight with Imam al-Husayn (a). After the attack of the army to the tents of Imam (a) in the evening of Tasu'a, Imam (a) sent his brother [['Abbas]] to ask the enemy to reprieve them the night. | ||
Also, on this day, Shimr brought a safe-conduct for 'Abbas and other sons of [[Umm al-Banin]], but 'Abbas did not accept it. Therefore, this day is very important for Shi'a. Traditionally, Shi'as consider the day of Tasu'a dedicated to 'Abbas (a) and respect it the same as the [[Day of 'Ashura]] and mention the merits of 'Abbas and mourn for him. This day is an official holiday before the Day of 'Ashura in [[Iran]]. | Also, on this day, Shimr brought a safe-conduct for 'Abbas and other sons of [[Umm al-Banin]], but 'Abbas did not accept it. Therefore, this day is very important for Shi'a. Traditionally, Shi'as consider the day of Tasu'a dedicated to 'Abbas (a) and respect it the same as the [[Day of 'Ashura]] and mention the merits of 'Abbas and mourn for him. This day is an official holiday before the Day of 'Ashura in [[Iran]]. | ||
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== Meaning == | == Meaning == | ||
{{Mourning of Muharram}} | {{Mourning of Muharram}} | ||
The ninth day of [[Muharram]] is called Tasu'a. The word "Tasu'a" is derived from the root ''t-s-'a'' (Arabic: ''{{ia|ت-س-ع}}'') meaning "nine" or "ninth". However, the fame of this day is because of the events | The ninth day of [[Muharram]] is called Tasu'a. The word "Tasu'a" is derived from the root ''t-s-'a'' (Arabic: ''{{ia|ت-س-ع}}'') meaning "nine" or "ninth". However, the fame of this day is because of the events on [[Muharram 9]], [[61]]/680 occurred in [[Karbala]]. | ||
== Events == | == Events == | ||
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The noise of the army raised. Imam (a) was sitting in front of his tent and leaned on his sword. Hearing the sound of the army of Kufa, Imam's (a) sister, [[Zaynab (a)]] came near brother and said, "O brother! Do you hear the sound of them approaching?" Imam (a) raised his head and said, "I met the [[Prophet (s)]] in my dream and he (s) told me, 'You will [soon] come to us." Imam (a) told 'Abbas (a), "O 'Abbas! May my life be sacrificed for you; sit on your horse and go to them and ask what they want and why they have come forth?" | The noise of the army raised. Imam (a) was sitting in front of his tent and leaned on his sword. Hearing the sound of the army of Kufa, Imam's (a) sister, [[Zaynab (a)]] came near brother and said, "O brother! Do you hear the sound of them approaching?" Imam (a) raised his head and said, "I met the [[Prophet (s)]] in my dream and he (s) told me, 'You will [soon] come to us." Imam (a) told 'Abbas (a), "O 'Abbas! May my life be sacrificed for you; sit on your horse and go to them and ask what they want and why they have come forth?" | ||
'Abbas (a) and twenty horsemen including [[Zuhayr b. Qayn]] and [[Habib b. Muzahir]] went to the army of the enemy and asked, "What has happened and what do you want?" They answered, "It is an order of the commander to tell you that you either | 'Abbas (a) and twenty horsemen including [[Zuhayr b. Qayn]] and [[Habib b. Muzahir]] went to the army of the enemy and asked, "What has happened and what do you want?" They answered, "It is an order of the commander to tell you that you either pledge allegiance or prepare for the war." 'Abbas (a) said, "Do not move until I go to Imam al-Husayn (a) and deliver your message to him." They accepted, so 'Abbas (a) went to Imam al-Husayn (a) alone and gave him the news.<ref>Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 184-185; Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk'', vol. 5, p. 416-418; Khawārazmī, ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn'', vol. 1, p. 249-250.</ref> | ||
Imam (a) told 'Abbas (a), "See if you can convince them to postpone the war to tomorrow and give us time for tonight so that we worship and pray to God; for He knows how much I love praying to Him and reciting [[Quran|His book]]."<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk'', vol. 5, p. 417; Ibn Athīr, ''al-Kāmil fī l-Tārīkh'', p. 57.</ref> | Imam (a) told 'Abbas (a), "See if you can convince them to postpone the war to tomorrow and give us time for tonight so that we worship and pray to God; for He knows how much I love praying to Him and reciting [[Quran|His book]]."<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk'', vol. 5, p. 417; Ibn Athīr, ''al-Kāmil fī l-Tārīkh'', p. 57.</ref> | ||
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Because of the events occurred on this day, it is very important to [[Shia]]. They attribute this day to 'Abbas b. 'Ali (a) and respect this day the same as the [[Day of 'Ashura]] and mourn during it. | Because of the events occurred on this day, it is very important to [[Shia]]. They attribute this day to 'Abbas b. 'Ali (a) and respect this day the same as the [[Day of 'Ashura]] and mourn during it. | ||
In Iran and some of the Islamic countries having a Shi'a majority, the day of Tasu'a is an official holiday the same as the Day of 'Ashura. | In Iran and some of the Islamic countries having a Shi'a majority, the day of Tasu'a is an official holiday the same as the Day of 'Ashura. On this day, great mourning ceremonies are held with the running of mourning, [[chest-beating]] and [[Zanjirzani|chain-hitting]] caravans of people. | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||