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From wikishia

Al-Sādiq is the most famous epithet of Imam al-Sādiq (a). This epithet has been given to the sixth infallible Imam of the Shi'a due mainly to his "truthfulness" in both words and deeds. It is also said that this title was granted to him because there was no slip whatsoever in his life.

According to a hadith from Imam al-Sajjad (a), the sixth infallible Imam was called al-Sadiq to distinguish between him and Ja'far al-Kadhdhāb. According to the aforementioned hadith, Ali b. al-Husayn (a), the fourth infallible Imam of the Shi'a, was asked "why the inhabitants of the heavens call the sixth Imam “al-Sadiq”, while all of you (the infallible Imams) are truthful?" He replied, "My father related from his great grandfather, the Messenger of Allah (s), that when my son, Ja'far b. Muhammad b. Ali b. al-Husayn, is born, call him al-Sadiq; Because the fifth of his [father's] children will be called Ja'far and he will falsely claim to be an Imam, and he is Ja'far the liar and a slanderer of God in the sight of God.