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==Boycott of Banu Hashim== | ==Boycott of Banu Hashim== | ||
The boycott of [[Banu Hashim]] was the most important report on the Shi'b Abi Talib. On the [[Muharram 1|first of Muharram]] in the seventh year after [[Bi'tha]]/[[Septermber 22]], 616,<ref>Muqrizī, ''Imtāʿ | The boycott of [[Banu Hashim]] was the most important report on the Shi'b Abi Talib. On the [[Muharram 1|first of Muharram]] in the seventh year after [[Bi'tha]]/[[Septermber 22]], 616,<ref>Muqrizī, ''Imtāʿ al-asmāʿ'', vol. 1, p. 44.</ref> a number of clans of [[Quraysh]] declared economic and social boycott against [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]], [[Banu Hashim]] and Banu 'Abd al-Muttalib except for [[Abu Lahab]] and his children<ref>Muqrizī, ''Imtāʿ al-asmāʿ'', vol. 1, p. 44.</ref> and they were forced to live with massive difficulties for three years.<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 1, p. 163.</ref> | ||
The leaders of Quraysh were irritated with the influence and astonishing expansion of Muslims and they tried to find a solution. When [[Hamza b. 'Abd al-Muttalib]] converted to Islam and young members of Quraysh showed tendencies toward Islam, besides considering the freedom of Muslims in [[Abyssinia]], Quraysh leaders were stunned as their plans failed to succeed. Therefore, they decided to declare economic and social boycott against Banu Hashim in order to stop increasing influence and expansion of Islam.<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 1, p. 163.</ref> | The leaders of Quraysh were irritated with the influence and astonishing expansion of Muslims and they tried to find a solution. When [[Hamza b. 'Abd al-Muttalib]] converted to Islam and young members of Quraysh showed tendencies toward Islam, besides considering the freedom of Muslims in [[Abyssinia]], Quraysh leaders were stunned as their plans failed to succeed. Therefore, they decided to declare economic and social boycott against Banu Hashim in order to stop increasing influence and expansion of Islam.<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 1, p. 163.</ref> | ||
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*Jaʿfarīyān, Rasūl. ''Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madina''. Ninth edition. Tehran: Nashr-i Mashʿar, 1387 Sh. | *Jaʿfarīyān, Rasūl. ''Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madina''. Ninth edition. Tehran: Nashr-i Mashʿar, 1387 Sh. | ||
*Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. ''Al-Kāfī''. Tehtan: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1365 Sh. | *Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. ''Al-Kāfī''. Tehtan: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1365 Sh. | ||
*Muqrizī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī al-. ''Imtāʿ | *Muqrizī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī al-. ''Imtāʿ al-asmāʿ bi-mā li-l-Nabīyy min al-aḥwāl wa l-amwāl wa l-ḥafda wa l-amṭāʿ''. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd al-Namīsī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1420 AH. | ||
*Qāʾidān, Aṣghar. ''Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi | *Qāʾidān, Aṣghar. ''Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Mecca wa Medina''. Fourth edition. Tehran: Nashr-i Mashʿar, 1381 Sh. | ||
*''Akhbār al-dawla al-ʿAbbāsīyya''. Edited by ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Dawrī & ʿAbd al-Jabbār al-Muṭallibī. Beirut: Dār al-Ṭalīʿa, 1391 AH. | *''Akhbār al-dawla al-ʿAbbāsīyya''. Edited by ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Dawrī & ʿAbd al-Jabbār al-Muṭallibī. Beirut: Dār al-Ṭalīʿa, 1391 AH. | ||
*Shahīdī, Sayyid Jaʿfar. ''Tārīkh-i taḥlīlī-yi Islām''. Tehran: Markaz-i Nashr-i Dānishgāhī, 1390 Sh. | *Shahīdī, Sayyid Jaʿfar. ''Tārīkh-i taḥlīlī-yi Islām''. Tehran: Markaz-i Nashr-i Dānishgāhī, 1390 Sh. | ||