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| name = Fihrist asma' musannifi l-Shi'a | | name = Fihrist asma' musannifi l-Shi'a | ||
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| caption =''' | | caption ='''Bibliographical Information''' | ||
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| author =[[Ahmad b. 'Ali al-Najashi]] | | author =[[Ahmad b. 'Ali al-Najashi]] | ||
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'''Fihrist | '''Fihrist asmāʾ muṣannifi l-Shiʿa''' (Arabic: {{ia|(فهرست اسماء مصنفی الشیعة (کتاب}}) or '''Rijāl al-Najāshi''' ({{ia|رجال النجاشي}}) is among the four principal sources of [[Shi'a]] in [[rijal]]. [[Ahmad b. 'Ali al-Najashi]] (d. After [[463]]/1071) wrote it as an index for the names of Shi'a writers and only mentioned the names of great individuals who wrote books or other works. The significance of al-Najashi's book is that it preceded all other books of rijal in time and with regards to the author. | ||
== The Author == | == The Author == | ||
{{main|Ahmad b. 'Ali al-Najashi}} | |||
Ahmad b. Ali b. Ahmad b. 'Abbas b. Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah al-Najashi was born in [[Kufa]] in [[372]]/982. His father was too among hadith scholars and great Shi'a individuals. Based on researches made, his [[kunya]] was Abu l-Husayn and his title was al-Najashi. | |||
== Writing Motive == | == Writing Motive == | ||
In the introduction of his book, | In the introduction of his book, al-Najashi mentioned the criticism of some opposer's of Shi'a about non-existence of a scientific history for this school as his writing motive. He wrote, | ||
[[Al-Sharif | [[Al-Sharif al-Murtada]] quoted from our opposer's (Sunni people) that they said, "You Shi'a neither have precedents, nor writers. Since, this claim is out of ignorance, I wanted to answer it; so, I collected as many names of Shi'a writers as I could". | ||
== Date of Writing == | == Date of Writing == | ||
Writing this book was between 419 and 436 | Writing this book was between 419/1028 and 436/1044-5, because in it, the death of [[Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Malik al-Tabban]] (419/1028) is mentioned and when mentioning the name of al-Sayyid al-Murtada (d. [[436]]/1044), it said "May [[God]] prolongs his presence". | ||
== Writing Approach == | == Writing Approach == | ||
The book first mentions the names of the writers at the time of the [[Prophet (s)]] or close to his time and then the names of other writers in alphabetical order based on the first letter of their given names; and other letters of their names, name of their fathers, etc. are disregarded. 'Inayat Allah Qahpa'i, a scholar of 11th century AH reordered the names based on alphabet so that it would be easier to use and also added some parts to the book, but unfortunately, its edition is not available and the present print of the book is based on the author's original order. | The book first mentions the names of the writers at the time of the [[Prophet (s)]] or close to his time and then the names of other writers in alphabetical order based on the first letter of their given names; and other letters of their names, name of their fathers, etc. are disregarded. 'Inayat Allah Qahpa'i, a scholar of 11th century AH reordered the names based on alphabet so that it would be easier to use and also added some parts to the book, but unfortunately, its edition is not available and the present print of the book is based on the author's original order. | ||
In this book, al-Najashi mentioned about 1000 of Shi'a writers, as well as non-Shi'a ones (such as [[Sunni]], [[Waqifid]], [[Zaydiyya|Zaydi]] and [[ | In this book, al-Najashi mentioned about 1000 of Shi'a writers, as well as non-Shi'a ones (such as [[Sunni]], [[Waqifid]], [[Zaydiyya|Zaydi]] and [[Fatahiyya]]) and mentions their schools. In his rijal, he mentioned 141 transmitters of hadith weak, due to their weakness and corruption of [[religion]], beliefs or weakness in transmitting hadiths. | ||
== Sources == | == Sources == | ||
Al-Najashi mentions his sources and thus the books which were available to him at that time. He benefited from great teachers and experts in rijal and hadiths such as [[Husayn b. 'Ubayd Allah al-Ghada'iri]], [[Ibn Nuh al-Sirafi]], [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]] and others and also cited from the works of previous scholars such as [[Abu 'Amr al-Kashshi]], [[Ibn Walid al-Qummi]] and [[Ibn 'Uqda]]. | |||
== Significance == | == Significance == | ||
Al-Najashi's book is superior to other books of rijal regarding precedence in time and expertise of the author. One of the important characteristics of the book is that al-Najashi did not quote from non-authentic sources and if he wanted to quote from a non-authentic source, he would say, "said such a person…" or "mentioned such a person…" or indirectly quoted them through an authentic person such as [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]]. | |||
He also accepted and rejected some transmitters of hadiths. He gave exclusive reports about the lives of [[Imams (a)]] and mentioned that some works were presented to the [[Infallible Ones (a)]]. | He also accepted and rejected some transmitters of hadiths. He gave exclusive reports about the lives of [[Imams (a)]] and mentioned that some works were presented to the [[Infallible Ones (a)]]. | ||
== Versions == | == Versions == | ||
A version of the book by the handwriting of Fadl b. Muhammad 'Abbasi belongs to | * A version of the book by the handwriting of Fadl b. Muhammad 'Abbasi belongs to 1021/1612-3 which is copied from the versions originally written by [[Ibn Idris al-Hilli]], in which the handwritings of [[al-Sayyid 'Abd al-Karim b. Tawus]] and Sayyid Muhammad b. Sayyid Musawi are also available. | ||
The version available in the [[library of Astan- | * The version available in the [[library of Astan-i Qods Razavi]] from 967/1559. | ||
* The version available in the library of Tabriz from 981/1573, written from the version of 551/1156-7. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
*The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[:fa:(فهرست اسماء مصنفی الشیعة (کتاب)|فهرست اسماء مصنفی الشیعة (کتاب]]}} in Farsi WikiShia. | *The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[:fa:(فهرست اسماء مصنفی الشیعة (کتاب)|فهرست اسماء مصنفی الشیعة (کتاب]]}} in Farsi WikiShia. | ||
{{Rijal and Biographical Works}} | {{Rijal and Biographical Works}} | ||
{{Bibliography of 5th/11th Century}} | {{Bibliography of 5th/11th Century}} | ||
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[[ar:فهرس أسماء مصنفي الشيعة (كتاب)]] | [[ar:فهرس أسماء مصنفي الشيعة (كتاب)]] | ||