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Fatahiyya: Difference between revisions
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''' | '''Fatahiyya''' or '''Aftahiyya''' were believers in the [[imamate]] of [['Abd Allah al-Aftah|'Abd Allah]], son of [[Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq (a)]], known as '''Aftah'''. After the [[martyrdom]] of the sixth Imam of [[Shi'a]] (a), his elder son, 'Abd Allah claimed his succession. Mentioning this quote from his father that "imamate of every Imam (a) reaches his elder son"; 'Abd Allah gathered some people around himself. | ||
His claim did not last long and he died 72 days after the martyrdom of Imam al-Sadiq (a); and since he did not have any son or successor, his followers were left without leader and most of them turned to [[Imam al-Kazim (a)]] and the mentioned belief ended very soon. Some great figures of [[Imamiyya]] such as [[Banu Faddal]] turned to 'Abd Allah first, but many of them returned either from halfway or after he died. | His claim did not last long and he died 72 days after the martyrdom of Imam al-Sadiq (a); and since he did not have any son or successor, his followers were left without leader and most of them turned to [[Imam al-Kazim (a)]] and the mentioned belief ended very soon. Some great figures of [[Imamiyya]] such as [[Banu Faddal]] turned to 'Abd Allah first, but many of them returned either from halfway or after he died. | ||
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According to some historical sources, he was inclined toward [[Murji'a]]{{enote|A theological sect the followers of which believed that worshipping together with disbelief has no benefit, and that, sinning does not decrease anything from faith. This sect considered intention and belief important and regarded speech and actions unimportant.}} and [[Hashwiyya]]{{enote|Followers of this sect are the extremists among Sunnis who did not care about rational thoughts and considered them unlawful innovations.}} thoughts so much that Imam al-Sadiq (a) called him Murji'a Kabir and therefore, he was rejected by his father. | According to some historical sources, he was inclined toward [[Murji'a]]{{enote|A theological sect the followers of which believed that worshipping together with disbelief has no benefit, and that, sinning does not decrease anything from faith. This sect considered intention and belief important and regarded speech and actions unimportant.}} and [[Hashwiyya]]{{enote|Followers of this sect are the extremists among Sunnis who did not care about rational thoughts and considered them unlawful innovations.}} thoughts so much that Imam al-Sadiq (a) called him Murji'a Kabir and therefore, he was rejected by his father. | ||
After the martyrdom of Imam al-Sadiq (a), 'Abd Allah introduced himself the successor of his father and took his place. He performed Imam's (a) [[ghusl]], [[ | After the martyrdom of Imam al-Sadiq (a), 'Abd Allah introduced himself the successor of his father and took his place. He performed Imam's (a) [[ghusl]], [[Shrouding]] and [[burial]] and wore his ring. He referred to this quote from Imam al-Sadiq (a) that "every imam's imamate will be transferred to his elder son" and gathered people around himself. | ||
'Abd Allah died 70 days after the martyrdom of Imam al-Sadiq (a) and left no children. Therefore, the belief in the imamate of 'Abd Allah Aftah ended and most of his followers turned to believe in the imamate of Imam al-Kazim (a). | 'Abd Allah died 70 days after the martyrdom of Imam al-Sadiq (a) and left no children. Therefore, the belief in the imamate of 'Abd Allah Aftah ended and most of his followers turned to believe in the imamate of Imam al-Kazim (a). | ||
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== Fathiyya Famous Figures == | == Fathiyya Famous Figures == | ||
At the beginning of the claim of 'Abd Allah, many great companions of Imam al-Sadiq (a) accepted his claim and considered him the true successor of Imam (a), the most famous of whom were: | At the beginning of the claim of 'Abd Allah, many great companions of Imam al-Sadiq (a) accepted his claim and considered him the true successor of Imam (a), the most famous of whom were: | ||
{{cb|2}} | |||
*[['Abd Allah b. Bukayr]] | *[['Abd Allah b. Bukayr]] | ||
*[['Ammar b. Musa sabati]] | *[['Ammar b. Musa sabati]] | ||
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*[[Ali b. Hadid b. Hakim]] | *[[Ali b. Hadid b. Hakim]] | ||
*[[Ahmad b.al-Hasan b. Ali b. Fadal]] | *[[Ahmad b.al-Hasan b. Ali b. Fadal]] | ||
{{end}} | |||
Based on historical evidences, many of these people returned from their belief in 'Abd Allah Aftah and there are no evidence whether others returned from that belief or not; however, it can be understood from [[rijal]] sources that all the mentioned people, despite their beliefs, were among reliable transmitters of hadiths who were trustworthy before Imams (a) and the [[Shi'a]] scholars. For example, [[Imam al-'Askari (a)]] was asked about the validity of [[hadith]]s transmitted by Banu Faddal who was a follower of Fathiyya, and he (a) answered, | Based on historical evidences, many of these people returned from their belief in 'Abd Allah Aftah and there are no evidence whether others returned from that belief or not; however, it can be understood from [[rijal]] sources that all the mentioned people, despite their beliefs, were among reliable transmitters of hadiths who were trustworthy before Imams (a) and the [[Shi'a]] scholars. For example, [[Imam al-'Askari (a)]] was asked about the validity of [[hadith]]s transmitted by Banu Faddal who was a follower of Fathiyya, and he (a) answered, | ||