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Chieftains of Banu Israel: Difference between revisions
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'''Chieftains of Banu Israel''' or '''Nuqabā of Banū Israel''' (Arabic: {{ia|نقباء بني إسرائیل}}) were from the twelve Asbat (tribes) of [[Banu Israel]], i.e. children of Banu Israel. [[Prophet Moses (a)]] delivered the order of [[God]] and one representative was chosen from each of Asbat for their own tribes. In the [[Qur'an 5]]:12, this issue is mentioned without details. | '''Chieftains of Banu Israel''' or '''Nuqabā of Banū Israel''' (Arabic: {{ia|نقباء بني إسرائیل}}) were from the twelve Asbat (tribes) of [[Banu Israel]], i.e. children of Banu Israel. [[Prophet Moses (a)]] delivered the order of [[God]] and one representative was chosen from each of Asbat for their own tribes. In the [[Qur'an 5]]:12, this issue is mentioned without details. | ||
Chieftains were among great people of their tribe and their duty was to guard the covenant, Banu Israel was entrusted by God; however, most [[exegete]]s believe that | Chieftains were among great people of their tribe and their duty was to guard the covenant, Banu Israel was entrusted by God; however, most [[exegete]]s believe that besides this duty, they had the task of collecting information about a tyrant nation in order to immigrate to [[Jerusalem]] as well. | ||
In both [[Shi'a]] and [[Sunni]] sources, there are [[hadith]]s from the [[Prophet of Islam (s)|Prophet (s)]] in which he (s) considered the number of his vicegerents the same as the number of the leaders of Banu Israel. | In both [[Shi'a]] and [[Sunni]] sources, there are [[hadith]]s from the [[Prophet of Islam (s)|Prophet (s)]] in which he (s) considered the number of his vicegerents the same as the number of the leaders of Banu Israel. | ||
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== Positions == | == Positions == | ||
In the Qur'an, the position of Chieftains (nuqaba) is not clearly mentioned.<ref>Mughnīya, ''Tafsīr al-Kāshif'', vol. 3, p. 30.</ref> Therefore, it has led to proposition of different ideas in this regard.<ref>ʿĀmilī, ''Tafsīr ʿĀmilī'', vol. 3, p. 239.</ref> In the Qur'an, it is only mentioned that they were ordered to guard the covenant, Banu Israel was entrusted by God. | In the Qur'an, the position of Chieftains (nuqaba) is not clearly mentioned.<ref>Mughnīya, ''Tafsīr al-Kāshif'', vol. 3, p. 30.</ref> Therefore, it has led to the proposition of different ideas in this regard.<ref>ʿĀmilī, ''Tafsīr ʿĀmilī'', vol. 3, p. 239.</ref> In the Qur'an, it is only mentioned that they were ordered to guard the covenant, Banu Israel was entrusted by God. | ||
However, it is certain that Chieftains (nuqaba) were leaders of their tribes<ref>Thaʿālibī, ''Tafsīr al-thaʿālibī'', vol. 2, p. 362.</ref> and had an influential opinion and special positions.<ref>Jurjānī, ''Darj al-durar'', vol. 1, p. 552.</ref> In some exegetical books, Chieftains are considered elites of their tribes,<ref>Ṭayyib, ''Aṭyab al-bayān'', vol. 4, p. 319.</ref> commanders<ref>Deobandī, ''Tafsīr-i kābulī'', vol. 2, p. 52.</ref> and even kings.<ref>Samarqandī, ''Baḥr al-ʿulūm'', vol. 1, p. 375; Ṭabarānī, ''Tafsīr al-kabīr'', vol. 2, p. 369; Ṭabrisī, ''Majmaʿ al-bayān'', vol. 3, p. 265.</ref> Some believe that they were later chosen as [[prophets]].<ref>Ālūsī, ''Rūḥ al-maʿānī'', vol. 3, p. 260.</ref> Some others considered higher positions for them and said that they received divine books and were considered to have higher positions than ordinary prophets, but they were below [[Ulu l-'Azm prophets]] in ranks.<ref>Ṣādiqī Tihrānī, ''Tarjumān-i furqān'', vol. 2, p. 41.</ref> | However, it is certain that Chieftains (nuqaba) were leaders of their tribes<ref>Thaʿālibī, ''Tafsīr al-thaʿālibī'', vol. 2, p. 362.</ref> and had an influential opinion and special positions.<ref>Jurjānī, ''Darj al-durar'', vol. 1, p. 552.</ref> In some exegetical books, Chieftains are considered elites of their tribes,<ref>Ṭayyib, ''Aṭyab al-bayān'', vol. 4, p. 319.</ref> commanders<ref>Deobandī, ''Tafsīr-i kābulī'', vol. 2, p. 52.</ref> and even kings.<ref>Samarqandī, ''Baḥr al-ʿulūm'', vol. 1, p. 375; Ṭabarānī, ''Tafsīr al-kabīr'', vol. 2, p. 369; Ṭabrisī, ''Majmaʿ al-bayān'', vol. 3, p. 265.</ref> Some believe that they were later chosen as [[prophets]].<ref>Ālūsī, ''Rūḥ al-maʿānī'', vol. 3, p. 260.</ref> Some others considered higher positions for them and said that they received divine books and were considered to have higher positions than ordinary prophets, but they were below [[Ulu l-'Azm prophets]] in ranks.<ref>Ṣādiqī Tihrānī, ''Tarjumān-i furqān'', vol. 2, p. 41.</ref> | ||
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The names of leaders are mentioned in other sources with little | The names of leaders are mentioned in other sources with little difference.<ref>Shaʿrānī, ''Pazhūhishha-yi Qurʾānī ʿAllāma Shaʿrānī'', vol. 1, p. 419.</ref> | ||
== Likening the Prophet's (s) Vicegerents to the Leaders of Banu Israel == | == Likening the Prophet's (s) Vicegerents to the Leaders of Banu Israel == | ||