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Qasem Soleimani: Difference between revisions
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''' | '''Qasim Sulaymani''' (1957-2020) was the former commander of the [[Quds Force]]. During [[Iran-Iraq war]], he was the commander of Tharallah 41 Division and one of the commanders in the operations Wa-l-Fajr 8, [[Karbala]] 4, and Karbala 5. | ||
In 1379 Sh, | In 1379 Sh, Qasim Sulaymani was appointed by [[Ayatollah Khamenei]], the Supreme Leader of [[Iran]], as the commander of the Quds Force. After the emergence of [[ISIS]] in [[Iraq]] and [[Syria]], Soleimani played a significant role in fighting this terrorist group. He was martyred on January 3, 2020 by American forces in [[Baghdad]]. | ||
After his martyrdom in 2020, | After his martyrdom in 2020, Qasim Sulaymani was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General. | ||
==Life== | ==Life== | ||
Qasim Sulaymani, son of Hasan, was born on [[March 11]], 1957 in Rabor, a small town in [[Kerman]] province. He was employed in Kerman’s Water and Wastewater Company when he was eighteen. During the events that led to the [[Islamic Revolution]] of Iran, he was acquainted with Reza Kamyab, a cleric from [[Mashhad]], who encouraged him to participate in the activities against the [[Pahlavi regime]]. According to his brother, Sohrab Soleimani, Qasim became one of the main leaders of the protests in Kerman during the revolution. | |||
==During Iran-Iraq War== | ==During Iran-Iraq War== | ||
After the Islamic Revolution of Iran, | After the Islamic Revolution of Iran, Qasim Sulaymani joined the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) in 1359 Sh and when the war between Iran and Iraq started, he trained a number of battalions in Kerman and sent them to the fronts. | ||
For some time, he was the commander of the IRGC in Western Azerbaijan province. In 1360 Sh, Soleimani was appointed by Mohsen Rezayi, the head of the IRGC, as the commander of the Tharallah 41 Division. During the war with Iraq, he was also one of the commanders of the operations Wa-l-Fajr 8, Karbala 4, and Karbala 5. The latter was one of the most crucial operations during the eight-year war, which weakened the political and military positions of the [[Ba'th Party|Ba'thi]] Iraqi army and changed the situation in favor of Iranian military forces. | For some time, he was the commander of the IRGC in Western Azerbaijan province. In 1360 Sh, Soleimani was appointed by Mohsen Rezayi, the head of the IRGC, as the commander of the Tharallah 41 Division. During the war with Iraq, he was also one of the commanders of the operations Wa-l-Fajr 8, Karbala 4, and Karbala 5. The latter was one of the most crucial operations during the eight-year war, which weakened the political and military positions of the [[Ba'th Party|Ba'thi]] Iraqi army and changed the situation in favor of Iranian military forces. | ||
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==Command of Quds Force== | ==Command of Quds Force== | ||
Qasim Sulaymani was appointed by Ayatollah Khamenei, the Supreme Leader of Iran, as the commander of the IRGC’s Quds Force. According to a report by the Israeli intelligence services, the Quds Force was established in 1990 to boost Iranian activities outside its borders. After Ahmad Vahidi, Soleimani became the second commander of the Quds force. According to Israeli sources, Qasim Sulaymani played a major role in expanding the influence of Iran in the Middle East and especially in the Arab Spring countries. According to the same source, through Qasim Sulaymani’s strategies, Iran deepened its influence in Iraq, Syria, and [[Yemen]]. | |||
A Part of Ayatollah Khamenei’s letter to Soleimani regarding the end of ISIS’s rule: “By eradicating the tumor of ISIS, not only you did a great service to the countries in region and in the Muslim world but also to humanity.” | A Part of Ayatollah Khamenei’s letter to Soleimani regarding the end of ISIS’s rule: “By eradicating the tumor of ISIS, not only you did a great service to the countries in region and in the Muslim world but also to humanity.” | ||
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==Global Status== | ==Global Status== | ||
In 2019, the American magazine Foreign Policy, listed | In 2019, the American magazine Foreign Policy, listed Qasim Sulaymani among the one-hundred top global defense and security thinkers. | ||
==Martyrdom== | ==Martyrdom== | ||
Qasim Sulaymani was martyred on [[January 9]], 2020, together with [[Abu Mahdi al-Mohandes]], a high official of the [[Popular Mobilization Forces]], as well as some others, by the American forces near Baghdad airport in their car. | |||
==Reactions== | ==Reactions== | ||
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Many political and religious figures reacted to his assassination. In his statement on Soleimani’s martyrdom, Ayatollah Khamenei called him the international figure of resistance and announced three days of national mourning in Iran. Other political and religious figures, including the heads of the three branches of the Iranian government and religious authorities (marajiʿ) in Iran and Iraq, praised Soleimani’s bravery, [[sincerity]], and self-sacrifice in their statements. | Many political and religious figures reacted to his assassination. In his statement on Soleimani’s martyrdom, Ayatollah Khamenei called him the international figure of resistance and announced three days of national mourning in Iran. Other political and religious figures, including the heads of the three branches of the Iranian government and religious authorities (marajiʿ) in Iran and Iraq, praised Soleimani’s bravery, [[sincerity]], and self-sacrifice in their statements. | ||
[[Sayyid Hassan Nasrallah]] (the Secretary General of Hezbollah), [[Sayyid Abdul-Malik Badreddin al-Houthi]] (the leader of Ansar Allah in Yemen), and the presidents of [[Syria]], [[Lebanon]], [[Iraq]], and [[Turkey]] were among other non-Iranian political figures who condemned the assassination of Soleimani. Moreover, prime ministers of many foreign countries expressed their sympathy with Iran and condemned America’s crime. Agnès Callamard, the Special Rapporteur at the office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), anounced the assassination of | [[Sayyid Hassan Nasrallah]] (the Secretary General of Hezbollah), [[Sayyid Abdul-Malik Badreddin al-Houthi]] (the leader of Ansar Allah in Yemen), and the presidents of [[Syria]], [[Lebanon]], [[Iraq]], and [[Turkey]] were among other non-Iranian political figures who condemned the assassination of Soleimani. Moreover, prime ministers of many foreign countries expressed their sympathy with Iran and condemned America’s crime. Agnès Callamard, the Special Rapporteur at the office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), anounced the assassination of Qasim Sulaymani and Abu Mahdi al-Mohandes to be illegal and a violation of international law. Ervand Abrahamian, the American historian, also stated that Iranians used to regard the US as a conspiring government against them but from now on they will consider it a terrorist government. Michael Moore, the American film-maker, also objected to the assassination and implied that the American Government was warmonger. | ||
==Results== | ==Results== | ||
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===Iran’s Retaliation=== | ===Iran’s Retaliation=== | ||
In the early hours of January 5, 2020, Iran’s IRGC launched several ballistic missiles at Ain al-Asad, a major air base used mainly by American forces, as well as another American air base in Erbil in retaliation for the assassination of | In the early hours of January 5, 2020, Iran’s IRGC launched several ballistic missiles at Ain al-Asad, a major air base used mainly by American forces, as well as another American air base in Erbil in retaliation for the assassination of Qasim Sulaymani. | ||
==Burial Ceremony== | ==Burial Ceremony== | ||
The [[burial]] ceremonies of | The [[burial]] ceremonies of Qasim Sulaymani together with Abu Mahdi al-Mohandes and other martyrs were held on [[January 4]], 2020 in [[Baghdad]], [[Karbala]], and [[Najaf]] with the presence of Iraqi political and religious figures and many other people. Afterwards, the bodies were taken to Iran, and the burial ceremonies were held with the presence of millions of people in [[Ahwaz]] and [[Mashhad]] on January 5, 2020 and in [[Tehran]] and [[Qom]] on January 6, 2020. Then, the final ceremony was held on [[January 7]], in [[Kerman]], where Soleimani was buried. | ||
According to Russia Today Arabic, the gathering of people for Soleimani’s burial ceremony was the second largest such gathering after the gathering for [[Imam Khomeini]]’s burial ceremony. | According to Russia Today Arabic, the gathering of people for Soleimani’s burial ceremony was the second largest such gathering after the gathering for [[Imam Khomeini]]’s burial ceremony. | ||
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*The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[:fa:قاسم سلیمانی|قاسم سلیمانی]]}} in Farsi WikiShia. | *The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[:fa:قاسم سلیمانی|قاسم سلیمانی]]}} in Farsi WikiShia. | ||
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