Anonymous user
Qasem Soleimani: Difference between revisions
m
no edit summary
imported>Sarsm (تمیز کاری) |
imported>Bahrami mNo edit summary |
||
| Line 13: | Line 13: | ||
| Wellknown Relatives = | | Wellknown Relatives = | ||
| Birth = [[Sha'ban 9]], [[1376]]/[[March 11]], 1957 | | Birth = [[Sha'ban 9]], [[1376]]/[[March 11]], 1957 | ||
| Place of Birth = | | Place of Birth =Rabor, [[Kerman]], [[Iran]] | ||
| Places of Residence = Kerman, [[Tehran]] | | Places of Residence = Kerman, [[Tehran]] | ||
| Place of Residence = | | Place of Residence = | ||
| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
'''Qāsem Soleimānī''' (Persian: {{ia|قاسم سلیمانی}}) (b. 1957 - d. [[2020 CE|2020]]), was the commander of the [[Quds Force]] of [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps]] and was assassinated by US forces in [[Iraq]] in 2020 CE. | '''Qāsem Soleimānī''' (Persian: {{ia|قاسم سلیمانی}}) (b. 1957 - d. [[2020 CE|2020]]), was the commander of the [[Quds Force]] of [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps]] and was assassinated by US forces in [[Iraq]] in 2020 CE. | ||
During [[Iran-Iraq war]] (1980-1988), he was the commander of Tharallah 41 Division and one of the commanders in the operations Wa-l-Fajr 8, Karbala 4, and Karbala 5. In 2001, Qasem Soleimani was appointed by [[ | During [[Iran-Iraq war]] (1980-1988), he was the commander of Tharallah 41 Division and one of the commanders in the operations Wa-l-Fajr 8, Karbala 4, and Karbala 5. In 2001, Qasem Soleimani was appointed by [[Ayatollah Khamenei]], the Supreme Leader of [[Islamic Republic of Iran]], as the commander of the Quds Force. After the emergence of [[ISIS]] in [[Iraq]] and [[Syria]], Soleimani played a significant role in fighting this terrorist group. | ||
He was martyred on [[Jumada I 7]], [[1441]]/[[January 3]], [[2020 CE|2020]] by American forces in [[Baghdad]]. After his martyrdom in 2020, Soleimani was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General. | He was martyred on [[Jumada I 7]], [[1441]]/[[January 3]], [[2020 CE|2020]] by American forces in [[Baghdad]]. After his martyrdom in 2020, Soleimani was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General. | ||
==Life== | ==Life== | ||
Qasem Soleimani, son of Hasan, was born on [[March 11]], 1957 in Rabor, a small town in [[Kerman]] province. He was employed in Kerman's Water and Wastewater Company when he was eighteen. During the events that led to the [[Islamic Revolution]] of Iran, he was acquainted with Reza Kamyab, a cleric from [[Mashhad]], who encouraged him to participate in the activities against the [[Pahlavi regime]]. He was one of the main leaders of the protests in Kerman during the revolution. | Qasem Soleimani, son of Hasan, was born on [[March 11]], 1957 in Rabor, a small town in [[Kerman]] province, Iran. He was employed in Kerman's Water and Wastewater Company when he was eighteen. During the events that led to the [[Islamic Revolution]] of Iran, he was acquainted with Reza Kamyab, a cleric from [[Mashhad]], who encouraged him to participate in the activities against the [[Pahlavi regime]]. He was one of the main leaders of the protests in Kerman during the revolution. | ||
==During Iran-Iraq War== | ==During Iran-Iraq War== | ||
| Line 45: | Line 45: | ||
After the end of the war in 1989, Soleimani returned to Kerman and engaged in combating the insurgents led by the enemies of Iran outside the eastern Iranian borders. Prior to being appointed to the command of the Quds Force, Soleimani engaged in combating the drug dealers on the borders of Iran and [[Afghanistan]]. | After the end of the war in 1989, Soleimani returned to Kerman and engaged in combating the insurgents led by the enemies of Iran outside the eastern Iranian borders. Prior to being appointed to the command of the Quds Force, Soleimani engaged in combating the drug dealers on the borders of Iran and [[Afghanistan]]. | ||
On [[January 3]] 2020, Soleimani was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general | On January, 2011, Soleimani was promoted to the rank of Major general by the Supreme leader, Ayatollah Khamenei. | ||
On [[January 3]] 2020, Soleimani was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general after he was martyred. | |||
==Command of Quds Force== | ==Command of Quds Force== | ||
{{Main|Quds Force of Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps}} | {{Main|Quds Force of Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps}} | ||
Qasem Soleimani was appointed by | Qasem Soleimani was appointed by Ayatollah Khamenei, the Supreme Leader of Iran, as the commander of the IRGC's Quds Force. According to a report by the [[Israeli]] intelligence services, the Quds Force was established in 1990 to boost Iranian activities outside its borders. After Ahmad Vahidi, Soleimani became the second commander of the Quds force. According to Israeli sources, Qasem Soleimani played a major role in expanding the influence of Iran in the Middle East and especially in the Arab Spring countries. According to the same source, through Qasem Soleimani's strategies, Iran deepened its influence in Iraq, Syria, and [[Yemen]]. | ||
A Part of | A Part of Ayatollah Khamenei's letter to Soleimani regarding the end of ISIS's rule: "By eradicating the tumor of ISIS, not only you did a great service to the countries in region and in the Muslim world but also to humanity." | ||
==Role in Iraq and Syria and Combating ISIS== | ==Role in Iraq and Syria and Combating ISIS== | ||
Soleimani was a prominent commander in the battle against [[ISIS]] in Iraq and Syria. ISIS is an extremist group, which appeared after the fall of [[Saddam Husein]] and in the absence of a powerful rule in Iraq. Iran started combating this group for the security of the region. According to ISNA, in 2011, the forces under Soleimani's command, including the [[Fatimiyyun Division]] and the [[Zaynabiyyun Brigade]], went to Syria to fight ISIS and other extremist groups. In 2014, [[Mosul]] was conquered by ISIS and Baghdad was almost conquered by them as well. Organizing parts of the [[Popular Mobilization Forces]] (PMF), Soleimani played a major role in driving away the ISIS from Iraq. Haider al-Abadi, the Iraqi prime minister of the time, called Soleimani as a major partner in fighting ISIS. | Soleimani was a prominent commander in the battle against [[ISIS]] in Iraq and Syria. ISIS is an extremist group, which appeared after the fall of [[Saddam Husein]] and in the absence of a powerful rule in Iraq. Iran started combating this group for the security of the region. According to ISNA, in 2011, the forces under Soleimani's command, including the [[Fatimiyyun Division]] and the [[Zaynabiyyun Brigade]], went to Syria to fight ISIS and other extremist groups. In 2014, [[Mosul]] was conquered by ISIS and Baghdad was almost conquered by them as well. Organizing parts of the [[Popular Mobilization Forces]] (PMF), Soleimani played a major role in driving away the ISIS from Iraq. Haider al-Abadi, the Iraqi prime minister of the time, called Soleimani as a major partner in fighting ISIS. | ||
In [[November 21]], 2017, Soleimani wrote a letter to | In [[November 21]], 2017, Soleimani wrote a letter to Ayatollah Khamenei, announcing the end of ISIS's rule. | ||
Haaretz accused Soleimani of having a role in the missile strikes against Israel and [[Jews]] in the world. | Haaretz accused Soleimani of having a role in the missile strikes against Israel and [[Jews]] in the world. | ||
==Receiving the Dhu l-Fiqar Sign== | ==Receiving the Dhu l-Fiqar Sign== | ||
In [[March 10]], 2019, | In [[March 10]], 2019, Ayatollah Khamenei, granted Soleimani the Dhu l-Fiqar sign, which is granted to high ranking military commanders whose commandership leads to significant results or victories. After the Islamic Revolution in 1979, Soleimani was the first commander who received this sign. | ||
==Global Status== | ==Global Status== | ||
| Line 72: | Line 74: | ||
Soleimani's martyrdom led to waves of protest in different countries throughout the world, and many [[mourning ceremonies]] were held for him in different cities in Iran and other countries. | Soleimani's martyrdom led to waves of protest in different countries throughout the world, and many [[mourning ceremonies]] were held for him in different cities in Iran and other countries. | ||
Many political and religious figures reacted to his assassination. In his statement on Soleimani's martyrdom, | Many political and religious figures reacted to his assassination. In his statement on Soleimani's martyrdom, Ayatollah Khamenei called him the international figure of resistance and announced three days of national mourning in Iran. Other political and religious figures, including the heads of the three branches of the Iranian government and [[religious authorities]] (maraji') in Iran and Iraq, praised Soleimani's bravery, [[sincerity]], and self-sacrifice in their statements. | ||
[[Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah]] (the Secretary General of Hezbollah), [[Sayyid Abd al-Malik Badr al-Din al-Houthi|Sayyid Abd al-Malik al-Houthi]] (the leader of Ansar Allah in Yemen), and the presidents of [[Syria]], [[Lebanon]], [[Iraq]], and [[Turkey]] were among other non-Iranian political figures who condemned the assassination of Soleimani. Moreover, prime ministers of many foreign countries expressed their sympathy with Iran and condemned America's crime. Agnès Callamard, the Special Rapporteur at the office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), announced the assassination of Qasem Soleimani and Abu Mahdi al-Muhandes to be illegal and a violation of international law. Ervand Abrahamian, the American historian, also stated that Iranians used to regard the US as a conspiring government against them but from now on they will consider it a terrorist government. Michael Moore, the American film-maker, also objected to the assassination and implied that the American Government was warmonger. | [[Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah]] (the Secretary General of Hezbollah), [[Sayyid Abd al-Malik Badr al-Din al-Houthi|Sayyid Abd al-Malik al-Houthi]] (the leader of Ansar Allah in Yemen), and the presidents of [[Syria]], [[Lebanon]], [[Iraq]], and [[Turkey]] were among other non-Iranian political figures who condemned the assassination of Soleimani. Moreover, prime ministers of many foreign countries expressed their sympathy with Iran and condemned America's crime. Agnès Callamard, the Special Rapporteur at the office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), announced the assassination of Qasem Soleimani and Abu Mahdi al-Muhandes to be illegal and a violation of international law. Ervand Abrahamian, the American historian, also stated that Iranians used to regard the US as a conspiring government against them but from now on they will consider it a terrorist government. Michael Moore, the American film-maker, also objected to the assassination and implied that the American Government was warmonger. | ||
| Line 78: | Line 80: | ||
[[File:Funeral of Qasem Soleimani, Kerman.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|Funeral procession of Qasem Soleimani in Kerman on Januray 7, 2020]] | [[File:Funeral of Qasem Soleimani, Kerman.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|Funeral procession of Qasem Soleimani in Kerman on Januray 7, 2020]] | ||
===Results=== | ===Results=== | ||
* Ratification of ousting the American forces from Iraq | * '''Ratification of ousting the American forces from Iraq''' | ||
After the martyrdom of Soleimani and al-Muhandes, a number of Iraqi people and political groups called for ousting the American forces from Iraq and thus the Iraqi parliament ratified on [[January 5]], 2020 the expelling of the Americans. It is noteworthy that prior to that and after the Americans attacked the bases of the Popular Mobilization Forces, several people and groups had demanded the American forces to be ousted. [[ | After the martyrdom of Soleimani and al-Muhandes, a number of Iraqi people and political groups called for ousting the American forces from Iraq and thus the Iraqi parliament ratified on [[January 5]], 2020 the expelling of the Americans. It is noteworthy that prior to that and after the Americans attacked the bases of the Popular Mobilization Forces, several people and groups had demanded the American forces to be ousted. [[Ayatollah Sayyid Kazim Ha'iri]] also had issued a [[fatwa]], declaring the prohibition of allowing the American forces to stay in Iraq. | ||
* Iran's Retaliation | * '''Iran's Retaliation''' | ||
In the early hours of January 8, 2020, Iran's IRGC launched several ballistic missiles at Ain al-Asad, a major air base used mainly by American forces, as well as another American air base in [[Erbil]] in retaliation for the assassination of Qasem Soleimani. | In the early hours of January 8, 2020, Iran's IRGC launched several ballistic missiles at Ain al-Asad, a major air base used mainly by American forces, as well as another American air base in [[Erbil]] in retaliation for the assassination of Qasem Soleimani. | ||