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Qasem Soleimani: Difference between revisions
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| Martyrdom = [[Jumada I 7]], [[1441]]/[[January 3]], [[2020 CE]] | | Martyrdom = [[Jumada I 7]], [[1441]]/[[January 3]], [[2020 CE]] | ||
| Cause of Martyrdom = Assassinated by American drones in Iraq | | Cause of Martyrdom = Assassinated by American drones in Iraq | ||
| Burial Place = Martyrs | | Burial Place = Martyrs' cemetery of Kerman | ||
| Era = | | Era = | ||
| Known for = International figure of resistance | | Known for = International figure of resistance | ||
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| Notable roles = Commander of the Quds Force | | Notable roles = Commander of the Quds Force | ||
| Works = | | Works = | ||
| Activities = Combating and | | Activities = Combating and eradicating of ISIS | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Qāsem Soleimānī''' (Persian: {{ia|قاسم سلیمانی}}) (b. 1957 - d. [[2020 CE|2020]]), was the commander of the [[Quds Force]] of [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps]] and was assassinated by US forces in [[Iraq]] in 2020 CE. | '''Qāsem Soleimānī''' (Persian: {{ia|قاسم سلیمانی}}) (b. 1957 - d. [[2020 CE|2020]]), was the commander of the [[Quds Force]] of [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps]] and was assassinated by US forces in [[Iraq]] in 2020 CE. | ||
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During [[Iran-Iraq war]] (1980-1988), he was the commander of Tharallah 41 Division and one of the commanders in the operations Wa-l-Fajr 8, Karbala 4, and Karbala 5. In 2001, Qasem Soleimani was appointed by [[Ayatollah Khamenei]], the Supreme Leader of [[Islamic Republic of Iran]], as the commander of the Quds Force. After the emergence of [[ISIS]] in [[Iraq]] and [[Syria]], Soleimani played a significant role in fighting this terrorist group. | During [[Iran-Iraq war]] (1980-1988), he was the commander of Tharallah 41 Division and one of the commanders in the operations Wa-l-Fajr 8, Karbala 4, and Karbala 5. In 2001, Qasem Soleimani was appointed by [[Ayatollah Khamenei]], the Supreme Leader of [[Islamic Republic of Iran]], as the commander of the Quds Force. After the emergence of [[ISIS]] in [[Iraq]] and [[Syria]], Soleimani played a significant role in fighting this terrorist group. | ||
He was martyred on [[Jumada I 7]], [[1441]]/[[January 3]], [[2020 CE|2020]] by American forces in [[Baghdad]]. After his martyrdom in 2020, Soleimani was promoted to | He was martyred on [[Jumada I 7]], [[1441]]/[[January 3]], [[2020 CE|2020]] by American forces in [[Baghdad]]. After his martyrdom in 2020, Soleimani was promoted to Lieutenant-General. | ||
==Life== | ==Life== | ||
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After the Islamic Revolution of Iran, Qasem Soleimani joined the [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps]] (IRGC) in 1981. When the war between Iran and Iraq started, he trained many battalions in Kerman and sent them to the fronts. | After the Islamic Revolution of Iran, Qasem Soleimani joined the [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps]] (IRGC) in 1981. When the war between Iran and Iraq started, he trained many battalions in Kerman and sent them to the fronts. | ||
He was the commander of the IRGC in Western Azerbaijan province for some time. In 1982, Soleimani was appointed by Muhsen Reza'ei, the head of the IRGC, as the commander of the Tharallah 41 Division. During the war with Iraq, he was also one of the commanders of the operations Wa-l-Fajr 8, Karbala 4, and Karbala 5. The latter was one of the most crucial operations during the eight-year war, which weakened the political and military positions of the [[Ba'th Party|Ba'thi]] Iraqi army and changed the situation in favor of Iranian military forces. | |||
After the end of the war in 1989, Soleimani returned to Kerman and engaged in combating the insurgents led by the enemies of Iran outside the eastern Iranian borders. Before being appointed to the command of the Quds Force, Soleimani engaged in tackling the drug dealers on the borders of Iran and [[Afghanistan]]. | After the end of the war in 1989, Soleimani returned to Kerman and engaged in combating the insurgents led by the enemies of Iran outside the eastern Iranian borders. Before being appointed to the command of the Quds Force, Soleimani engaged in tackling the drug dealers on the borders of Iran and [[Afghanistan]]. | ||
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==Role in Iraq and Syria and Combating ISIS== | ==Role in Iraq and Syria and Combating ISIS== | ||
Soleimani was a prominent commander in the battle against [[ISIS]] in Iraq and Syria. ISIS is an extremist group, which appeared after the fall of [[Saddam Husein]] and in the absence of a powerful rule in Iraq. Iran started combating this group for the security of the region. According to ISNA, in 2011, the forces under Soleimani's command, including the [[Fatimiyyun Division]] and the [[Zaynabiyyun Brigade]], went to Syria to fight ISIS and other extremist groups. In 2014, [[Mosul]] was conquered by ISIS and Baghdad was almost conquered by them. Organizing parts of the [[Popular Mobilization Forces]] (PMF), Soleimani played a significant role in driving ISIS away from Iraq. Haider al-Abadi, the Iraqi prime minister of the time, called Soleimani a major partner in fighting ISIS. | Soleimani was a prominent commander in the battle against [[ISIS]] in Iraq and Syria. ISIS is an extremist group, which appeared after the fall of [[Saddam Husein]] and in the absence of a powerful rule in Iraq. Iran started combating this group for the security of the region. According to ISNA, in 2011, the forces under Soleimani's command, including the [[Fatimiyyun Division]] and the [[Zaynabiyyun Brigade]], went to Syria to fight ISIS and other extremist groups. In 2014, [[Mosul]] was conquered by ISIS, and Baghdad was almost conquered by them. Organizing parts of the [[Popular Mobilization Forces]] (PMF), Soleimani played a significant role in driving ISIS away from Iraq. Haider al-Abadi, the Iraqi prime minister of the time, called Soleimani a major partner in fighting ISIS. | ||
In [[November 21]], 2017, Soleimani wrote a letter to Ayatollah Khamenei, announcing the end of ISIS's rule. | In [[November 21]], 2017, Soleimani wrote a letter to Ayatollah Khamenei, announcing the end of ISIS's rule. | ||
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Soleimani's martyrdom led to waves of protest in different countries worldwide, and many [[mourning ceremonies]] were held for him in various cities in Iran and other countries. | Soleimani's martyrdom led to waves of protest in different countries worldwide, and many [[mourning ceremonies]] were held for him in various cities in Iran and other countries. | ||
Many political and religious figures reacted to his assassination. In his statement on Soleimani's martyrdom, Ayatollah Khamenei called him | Many political and religious figures reacted to his assassination. In his statement on Soleimani's martyrdom, Ayatollah Khamenei called him an international figure of resistance and announced three days of national mourning in Iran. Other political and religious figures, including the heads of the three branches of the Iranian government and [[religious authorities]] (maraji') in Iran and Iraq, praised Soleimani's bravery, [[sincerity]], and self-sacrifice in their statements. | ||
[[Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah]] (the Secretary-General of Hezbollah), [[Sayyid Abd al-Malik Badr al-Din al-Houthi|Sayyid Abd al-Malik al-Houthi]] (the leader of Ansar Allah in Yemen), and the presidents of [[Syria]], [[Lebanon]], [[Iraq]], and [[Turkey]] were among other non-Iranian political figures who condemned the assassination of Soleimani. Moreover, prime ministers of many foreign countries expressed their sympathy with Iran and condemned America's crime. Agnès Callamard, the Special Rapporteur at the office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), announced the assassination of Qasem Soleimani and Abu Mahdi al-Muhandes to be illegal and a violation of international law. Ervand Abrahamian, the American historian, also stated that Iranians used to regard the US as a conspiring government against them. Still, from now on, they will consider it a terrorist government. Michael Moore, the American filmmaker, also objected to the assassination and implied that the American Government was a warmonger. | [[Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah]] (the Secretary-General of Hezbollah), [[Sayyid Abd al-Malik Badr al-Din al-Houthi|Sayyid Abd al-Malik al-Houthi]] (the leader of Ansar Allah in Yemen), and the presidents of [[Syria]], [[Lebanon]], [[Iraq]], and [[Turkey]] were among other non-Iranian political figures who condemned the assassination of Soleimani. Moreover, prime ministers of many foreign countries expressed their sympathy with Iran and condemned America's crime. Agnès Callamard, the Special Rapporteur at the office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), announced the assassination of Qasem Soleimani and Abu Mahdi al-Muhandes to be illegal and a violation of international law. Ervand Abrahamian, the American historian, also stated that Iranians used to regard the US as a conspiring government against them. Still, from now on, they will consider it a terrorist government. Michael Moore, the American filmmaker, also objected to the assassination and implied that the American Government was a warmonger. | ||
[[File:Funeral of Qasem Soleimani, Tehran.jpg|200px|thumb|Funeral procession of Qasem Soleimani in Tehran on January 6, 2020.]] | [[File:Funeral of Qasem Soleimani, Tehran.jpg|200px|thumb|Funeral procession of Qasem Soleimani in Tehran on January 6, 2020.]] | ||
[[File:Funeral of Qasem Soleimani, Kerman.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|Funeral procession of Qasem Soleimani in Kerman on | [[File:Funeral of Qasem Soleimani, Kerman.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|Funeral procession of Qasem Soleimani in Kerman on January 7, 2020]] | ||
===Results=== | ===Results=== | ||
* '''Ratification of ousting the American forces from Iraq''' | * '''Ratification of ousting the American forces from Iraq''' | ||
After the martyrdom of Soleimani and al-Muhandes, several Iraqi people and political groups called for ousting the American forces from Iraq. Thus, the Iraqi parliament ratified on [[January 5]], 2020 expelling of the Americans. It is noteworthy that before that and after the Americans attacked the bases of the Popular Mobilization Forces, several people and groups had demanded the American forces | After the martyrdom of Soleimani and al-Muhandes, several Iraqi people and political groups called for ousting the American forces from Iraq. Thus, the Iraqi parliament ratified on [[January 5]], 2020 expelling of the Americans. It is noteworthy that before that and after the Americans attacked the bases of the Popular Mobilization Forces, several people and groups had demanded the American forces be ousted. [[Ayatollah Sayyid Kazim Ha'iri]] also had issued a [[fatwa]], declaring the prohibition of allowing the American forces to stay in Iraq. | ||
* '''Iran's Retaliation''' | * '''Iran's Retaliation''' | ||