Abu Hudhayfa: Difference between revisions

'''Qays b. ʿUtba b. Rabīʿa b. ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Manāf''', (Arabic: {{iarabic|قیس بن عُتبَة بن رَبیعَة بن عَبد شَمس بن عَبد مَناف}}) well-known as '''Abū Ḥudhayfa''' (d. [[12]]/633 ), one of the great [[companions]] and early Muslims, one of the people who migrated to [[Abyssinia]] and [[Medina]] and took part in the majority of [[ghazwa]]s and [[Sariyya|Saryyas]] and was given the accolade of being killed in the [[Battle of Yamama]].

There are different opinions about his name. Ibn Sa'd believed his name is Hushaym,<ref>Ibn Sa'd,'' 'al-Tabaqat al-kubra'', Vol. 3, P.84.</ref> whereas Ibn Hisham has called him Mihsham.<ref>Ibn Hisham, ''al-Sirat al-nabawiyya'', Vol.1, P.277.</ref> Also, Khalifa b. al-Khayyat stated it to be Hisham,<ref>Ibn Hisham, ''al-Sirat al-nabawiyya'', Vol.1, P.28.</ref> while others believe it to be Hashim.<ref>Ibn 'Abd al-Barr, ''al-Isti'ab'', Vol.4, P.1631; Ibn Hajar, ''al-Asaba'', Vol.4, P.42.</ref> Al-Suhayli has reminded that Abu Hudhayfa's name is Qays and Mihsham is someone else who is an offspring of a person by the name of Mughira b. 'Abd Allah b. 'Umar b. al-Makhzum.<ref>See: Al-Suhayli, ''al-Rawd al-unuf'', Vol.3, P.33; Ibn Hazm, ''Jawami' al-sirat al-nabawiyya'', P.88.</ref> His mother is Fatima, daughter of Safwan b. Umayya al-Kinani.<ref>Ibn Sa'd, ''al-Tabaqat al-kubra'', Vol.3, P.84; to see other opinions see: Khalifa, ''al-Tabaqat'', Vol.1, P.28.</ref>

== Becoming Muslim ==

He became Muslim before the [[Prophet (s)]] had gone to Arqam's home for promoting Islam.<ref>Khalifa, ''al-Tabaqat'', Vol.1, P.28.</ref> His sister Hind, [[Abu Sufyan]]'s wife, blamed him by two odious verses of poem.<ref>bn Ishaq, Sirat(of the Prophet), P.210.</ref>

He migrated to [[Abyssinia]], along with his wife, Suhayl b. 'Amr's daughter, and his son by the name of Muhammad was born there.<ref>Ibn Ishaq, Sirat(of the Prophet), P. 156, 205.</ref> According to what is implied from Ibn Sa'd's words, Abu Hudhayfa had migrated for twice to Abyssinia.<ref>Ibn Sa'd, ''al-Tabaqat al-kubra'', Vol.3, P.84. </ref> Ibn al-Kalbi<ref> Ibn al-Kalbi, ''Jamharat al-nasab'', vol.1, P.200.</ref> and al-Baladhuri<ref>Baladhuri, ''Ansab al-ashraf'', Vol.3, P.199.</ref> have verified this claim. After the rumor stating that infidels of [[Mecca]] had become Muslims was spread, some of emigrants came back to Mecca. When they were notified of its falsehood, either they hid themselves or were sheltered by great masters of infidels.<ref>Tabari, ''Tarikh al-rusul'', Vol.2, P.340.</ref> Meanwhile, Abu Hudhayfa was protected by Umayya b. Khalaf.<ref>Baladhuri, ''Ansab al-ashraf'', Vol.3, P.227.</ref>

He was one of the first people migrating to [[Medina]]. He was housed along with Salim,<ref>Ibn Hisham, ''al-Sirat al-nabawiyya'', Vol.2, P.123.</ref> his Mula and adopted son, in 'Abbad b. Bishr's home. [[the Prophet (s)]] called Abu Hudhayfa and 'Abbad brothers.<ref>Ibn Sa'd, ''al-Tabaqat al-kubra'', Vol.3, P.84.</ref>(by making [['Aqd al-ukhuwwa]] among them)

Abu Hudhayfa was present in [[the Battle of Badr|Badr]], [[the Battle of Uhud|Uhud]], [[Battle of Khandaq|Khandaq]], [[Battle of Hudaybiyya|Hudaybiyya]], and other wars.<ref>Ibn Sa'd, ''al-Tabaqat al-kubra'', Vol.3, P,84; Ibn 'Abd al-Barr,''al-Isti'ab'', Vol.4, P.1631.</ref> Moreover, we are aware of his presence in some [[Sariyya|saraya]], like a sariyya commanded by [[Hamza b. 'Abd al-Muttalib]] which happened 7 months after [[Hijra|migration to Medina]],<ref>Waqidi,''al-Maghazi'', Vol.1, P.9.</ref>a sariyya commanded by [['Abd Allah b. Jahsh]],<ref>Waqidi,''al-Maghazi'', Vol.1, P.19.</ref>and the sariyya of Qatan commended by [[Abu Salama]]<ref>Waqidi,''al-Maghazi'', Vol.1, P.345.</ref>. One record reported that he participated in his own father's murder by a strike in the battle of Badr<ref>Waqidi,''al-Maghazi'', Vol.1, P.70.</ref>, but most historians said 'Utba b. Rabi'a's murder was [[Hamza b. 'Abd al-Muttalib|Hamza]] or Hamza and [['Ali (a)]]<ref>see ''Ansab al-ashraf'', Vol.1, P.151; Al-Zirikli, ''Al-a'lam'', Vol.4, P.200</ref>.

After Abu Hudhayfa's death, [[Uthman]] took the responsibility of his son Muhammad's life expenses. However, when Uthman was besieged by people, Muhammad was one of those who rebelled against him and encouraged the people of [[Egypt]] to stand up against him. After Uthman's murder, he fled to [[Syria]] and was murdered by Rashidin, [[Mu'awiya]]'s slave.<ref>Ibn al-Kalbi, ''Jamharat al-nasab'', Vol.1, P.200.</ref>