Anonymous user
Eid al-Fitr: Difference between revisions
adding references
imported>M.r.seifi (adding references) |
imported>M.r.seifi (adding references) |
||
| Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
== Rulings and Manners == | == Rulings and Manners == | ||
=== Eve of Eid al-Fitr === | === Eve of Eid al-Fitr === | ||
* Reciting supplication and the Qur'an and doing prayer. [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] said, "See if you can observe the eve of Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, etc. and in these nights recite supplications and the Qur'an and do prayers a lot." | * Reciting supplication and the Qur'an and doing prayer. [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] said, "See if you can observe the eve of Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, etc. and in these nights recite supplications and the Qur'an and do prayers a lot."<ref>Ṭūsī, ''Miṣbāḥ al-mutihajjid'', p. 589-590.</ref> | ||
* On the eve of the first day of Shawwal, reciting the supplication of Istihlal upon seeing the new moon is recommended. | * On the eve of the first day of Shawwal, reciting the supplication of Istihlal upon seeing the new moon is recommended.<ref>Mufīd, ''Masār al-Shīʿa'', p. 29.</ref> | ||
* [[Ziyarah of Imam al-Husayn (a)]] is recommended on the eve of Eid al-Fitr. | * [[Ziyarah of Imam al-Husayn (a)]] is recommended on the eve of Eid al-Fitr.<ref>Sayyid b. Ṭāwūs, ''al-Iqbāl bi-l-aʿmāl al-ḥasana'', vol. 1, p. 464.</ref> | ||
* Doing [[ghusl]] is recommended in this night. It is narrated that it is recommended to do ghusl before the sunset of the eve of Eid al-Fitr when one finds out it is the eve of the Eid. It is also narrated and recommended to do ghusl at the late night of the eve of Eid al-Fitr. | * Doing [[ghusl]] is recommended in this night. It is narrated that it is recommended to do ghusl before the sunset of the eve of Eid al-Fitr when one finds out it is the eve of the Eid. It is also narrated and recommended to do ghusl at the late night of the eve of Eid al-Fitr.<ref>Sayyid b. Ṭāwūs, ''al-Iqbāl bi-l-aʿmāl al-ḥasana'', vol. 1, p. 457.</ref> | ||
* According to a famous opinion of late scholars, obligatory time for [[Zakat al-Fitra]] at the sunset of the eve of Eid al-Fitr. Some have considered its time as the sunrise of the Eid. | * According to a famous opinion of late scholars, obligatory time for [[Zakat al-Fitra]] at the sunset of the eve of Eid al-Fitr. Some have considered its time as the sunrise of the Eid.<ref>Yazdī, ''al-ʿUrwa al-wuthqā'', vol. 4, p. 222.</ref> | ||
* [[Prayer of Eid]]: [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] quoted from Imam 'Ali (a), "anyone who does two Rak'as of prayer, at the first Rak'a of which one must read the [[Surat al-Fatiha]] once and the [[Surat al-Tawhid]] a thousand times and in the second Rak'a he must read the Surat al-Fatiha and the Surat al-Tawhid once and would not ask God anything unless he will receive it." | * [[Prayer of Eid]]: [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] quoted from Imam 'Ali (a), "anyone who does two Rak'as of prayer, at the first Rak'a of which one must read the [[Surat al-Fatiha]] once and the [[Surat al-Tawhid]] a thousand times and in the second Rak'a he must read the Surat al-Fatiha and the Surat al-Tawhid once and would not ask God anything unless he will receive it."<ref>Sayyid b. Ṭāwūs, ''al-Iqbāl bi-l-aʿmāl al-ḥasana'', vol. 1, p. 461.</ref> | ||
* Saying Takbirs after the prayers: (quoted from [[Mu'awiya b. 'Ammar]]) I heard from Imam al-Sadiq (a) said, "There are Takbirs in the Eid al-Fitr." I said, "when?" he (a) said, "In the [[Maghrib prayer]] on the eve of the Eid al-Fitr and in the [[Fajr prayer]] in the morning of the Eid al-Fitr and in the prayer of the Eid al-Fitr. Then there be no more. And this is the word of God that says, 'so that you may complete the number, and magnify Allah for guiding you,' | * Saying Takbirs after the prayers: (quoted from [[Mu'awiya b. 'Ammar]]) I heard from Imam al-Sadiq (a) said, "There are Takbirs in the Eid al-Fitr." I said, "when?" he (a) said, "In the [[Maghrib prayer]] on the eve of the Eid al-Fitr and in the [[Fajr prayer]] in the morning of the Eid al-Fitr and in the prayer of the Eid al-Fitr. Then there be no more. And this is the word of God that says, 'so that you may complete the number, and magnify Allah for guiding you,'<ref>Qurʾān, 2:185.</ref> and Takbir is saying 'Allah akbar, Allah akbar, La ilah illa Allah wa Allah akbar, wa lillah al-hamd 'ala ma hadana, wa lah al-shukr 'ala ma awlana." (اللهُ اکبر، اللهُ اکبر، لا إله إلا اللهُ و اللهُ اکبر، و لله الحمد علی ما هدانا، و له الشکر علی ما اولانا)<ref>Sayyid b. Ṭāwūs, ''al-Iqbāl bi-l-aʿmāl al-ḥasana'', vol. 1, p. 459.</ref> | ||
* [[Ihya]] (night vigil); [[Imam al-Kazim (a)]] said, "'Ali b. Abi Talib (a) said, 'This makes me happy that anyone during the year releases himself (for worship) at four nights: the eve of Eid al-Fitr, eve of [[Eid al-Adha]], the eve of [[Sha'ban 15|15th of Sha'ban]] and the eve of the first of [[Rajab]]." Imam al-Baqir (a) said, "my father, 'Ali b. al-Husayn (a) stayed in the mosque on the eve of Eid al-Fitr and prayed until morning and kept the night vigil and said, 'O my son! This night is not less important than the [[Qadr night]].'" | * [[Ihya]] (night vigil); [[Imam al-Kazim (a)]] said, "'Ali b. Abi Talib (a) said, 'This makes me happy that anyone during the year releases himself (for worship) at four nights: the eve of Eid al-Fitr, eve of [[Eid al-Adha]], the eve of [[Sha'ban 15|15th of Sha'ban]] and the eve of the first of [[Rajab]].<ref>Ṭūsī, ''Miṣbāḥ al-mutihajjid'', p. 589.</ref>" Imam al-Baqir (a) said, "my father, 'Ali b. al-Husayn (a) stayed in the mosque on the eve of Eid al-Fitr and prayed until morning and kept the night vigil and said, 'O my son! This night is not less important than the [[Qadr night]].'"<ref>Sayyid b. Ṭāwūs, ''al-Iqbāl bi-l-aʿmāl al-ḥasana'', vol. 1, p. 465.</ref> | ||
=== Day of Eid al-Fitr === | === Day of Eid al-Fitr === | ||
* Among the highly recommended actions of the day of Eid al-Fitr is doing ghusl which can be done after [[Fajr]], but there is a disagreement about the time of [[Zuhr prayer]] or the sunset being the latest time it can be done. | * Among the highly recommended actions of the day of Eid al-Fitr is doing ghusl which can be done after [[Fajr]], but there is a disagreement about the time of [[Zuhr prayer]] or the sunset being the latest time it can be done.<ref>Āmulī, ''Miṣbāḥ al-hudā'', vol. 7, p. 86.</ref> | ||
* Holding [[Eid prayer]] is recommended in the [[Age of Occultation]], but during the presence of Imams (a), it is obligatory. | * Holding [[Eid prayer]] is recommended in the [[Age of Occultation]], but during the presence of Imams (a), it is obligatory.<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 11, p. 332-333.</ref> | ||
* It is recommended to eat something especially dates before the prayer of Eid al-Fitr. | * It is recommended to eat something especially dates before the prayer of Eid al-Fitr.<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 11, p. 377.</ref> | ||
* Saying Takbirs as instructed is recommended after [[Maghrib prayer]] on the eve of Eid and also in the Fajr prayer in the morning of Eid and in the prayer of the Eid. | * Saying Takbirs as instructed is recommended after [[Maghrib prayer]] on the eve of Eid and also in the Fajr prayer in the morning of Eid and in the prayer of the Eid.<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 11, p. 378 & 382.</ref> | ||
* Fasting on the day of Eid al-Fitr is forbidden. Reciting the [[Du'a al-Nudba|Nudba supplication]] and also expanding the eating for the family are recommended. | * Fasting on the day of Eid al-Fitr is forbidden.<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 16, p. 324.</ref> Reciting the [[Du'a al-Nudba|Nudba supplication]]<ref>Sayyid b. Ṭāwūs, ''al-Iqbāl bi-l-aʿmāl al-ḥasana'', vol. 1, p. 504.</ref> and also expanding the eating for the family are recommended.<ref>Abū l-Ṣalāḥ al-Ḥalabī, ''al-Kāfī fī l-fiqh'', p. 155.</ref> | ||
* Traveling on the day of Eid after the sunrise before holding the prayer of Eid (in case of being obligatory) is forbidden, otherwise it is reprehensible. | * Traveling on the day of Eid after the sunrise before holding the prayer of Eid (in case of being obligatory) is forbidden, otherwise it is reprehensible.<ref>Abū l-Ṣalāḥ al-Ḥalabī, ''al-Kāfī fī l-fiqh'', p. 155.</ref> | ||
== Holidays of Eid al-Fitr == | == Holidays of Eid al-Fitr == | ||
| Line 72: | Line 72: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{references}} | {{references}} | ||
*Qurʾān. | |||
*Abū l-Ṣalāḥ al-Ḥalabī, Taqī al-Dīn b. Najm al-Dīn. ''Al-Kāfī fī l-fiqh''. Edited by Riḍā Ustādī. Isfahan: Kitābkhānih ʿUmūmī-yi Amīr al-Muʾminīn, 1403 AH. | |||
*Āmulī, Muḥammad Taqī. ''Miṣbāḥ al-hudā fī sharḥ ʿurwat al-wuthqā''. Tehran: n.p. , 1310 AH. | |||
*Fakhr al-Rāzī, Muḥammad b. ʿUmar. ''Al-Tafsīr al-kabīr''. Third edition. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1425 AH. | |||
*Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan. ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa''. Qom: Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt li-Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1416 AH. | |||
*Ibn Manẓūr, Muḥammad b. Mukrim. ''Lisān al-ʿArab''. Third edition. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, 1414 AH. | |||
*Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. ''Al-Kāfī''. Qom: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 1429 AH. | |||
*Mufīd, Mūammad b. Muḥammad al-. ''Masār al-Shīʿa''. Qom: Kungirh-yi Shaykh-i Mufīd, 1413 AH. | |||
*''Nahj al-balāgha''. Edited by Ṣubḥī Ṣāliḥ. Qom: Hijrat, 1414 AH. | |||
*Najafī, Muḥammad Ḥasan al-. ''Jawāhir al-kalām''. Beirut: Dār al-Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1404 AH. | |||
*Nūrī, Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad Taqī al-. ''Mustadrak al-wasāʾil''. Qom: Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt (a), 1408 AH. | |||
*Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh''. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Qom: Jāmiʿat al-Mudarrisīn, 1413 AH. | |||
*Sayyid b. Ṭāwūs, ʿAlī b. Musā. ''Al-Iqbāl bi-l-aʿmāl al-ḥasana''. Edited by Jawād Qayyūmī. Qom: Markaz al-Nashr al-Tābiʿ li-Maktab al-Aʿlām al-Islāmī, 1376 Sh. | |||
*Ṭabāṭabāʾī, Muḥammad Ḥusayn al-. ''Al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān''. Qom: Jāmiʿat al-Mudarrisīn, n.d. | |||
*Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Miṣbāḥ al-mutihajjid wa silāḥ al-mutiʿbbid''. Beirut: Muʾssisat al-Aʿlamī, 1418 AH. | |||
*Yazdī, Sayyid Kāẓim. ''Al-ʿUrwa al-wuthqā''. Qom: Jāmiʿat al-Mudarrisīn, 1419 AH. | |||
{{end}} | {{end}} | ||