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'''Eid al-Fiṭr''' (Arabic:{{inlineArabic| عيد الفِطر}}) is the first day of the month of [[Shawwal]] and one of the greatest religious holidays in Islamic tradition. "Fitr" means opening and since in this day Muslims break one month of [[fasting]] is called Eid al-Fitr. There are some [[verses]] and [[hadiths]] that mention the importance of this day. Fasting is [[forbidden]] on this day and [[Muslims]] hold [[Eid prayer]]. Paying [[Zakat al-Fitra]] is [[obligatory]] for Muslims on this day. This day is usually followed by official holidays in Islamic countries. | '''Eid al-Fiṭr''' (Arabic:{{inlineArabic| عيد الفِطر}}) is the first day of the month of [[Shawwal]] and one of the greatest religious holidays in Islamic tradition. "Fitr" means opening and since in this day Muslims break one month of [[fasting]] is called Eid al-Fitr. There are some [[verses]] and [[hadiths]] that mention the importance of this day. Fasting is [[forbidden]] on this day and [[Muslims]] hold [[Eid prayer]]. Paying [[Zakat al-Fitra]] is [[obligatory]] for Muslims on this day. This day is usually followed by official holidays in Islamic countries. | ||
== Meaning of Fitr == | == Meaning of Fitr == | ||
The meaning of the word "Fitr" (Arabic: {{ia|فِطر}}) is "opening (of something)".<ref>Ibn Manẓūr, ''Lisān al-ʿArab'', under the word "فطر".</ref> The word "Infatarat" (Arabic:{{inlineArabic| إنفَطَرَت}}) in the following [[verse]] is derived from a similar root with the word "Fitr": {{ia|إِذَا السَّمَاءُ انفَطَرَتْ}}; "When the sky is rent apart <ref>Qurʾān, 82:1.</ref> | |||
The meaning of the word "Fitr" is "opening (of something)".<ref>Ibn Manẓūr, ''Lisān al-ʿArab'', under the word "فطر".</ref> The word "Infatarat" (Arabic:{{inlineArabic| إنفَطَرَت}}) in the following [[verse]] is derived from a similar root with the word "Fitr": {{ia|إِذَا السَّمَاءُ انفَطَرَتْ}}; "When the sky is rent apart <ref>Qurʾān, 82:1.</ref> | |||
It is also mentioned that "Tatafattarat" (Arabic:{{inlineArabic| تَفَطَّرَت}}) and "Infatarat" have the same meaning and "Iftar" (Arabic:{{inlineArabic| إِفطار}}) and "Fitr" (Arabic:{{inlineArabic| فِطر}}) are from the same root, since the fasting person opens his mouth to eat at sunset and on the day of Eid al-Fitr.<ref>Ibn Manẓūr, ''Lisān al-ʿArab'', under the word "{{ia|فطر}}".</ref> | It is also mentioned that "Tatafattarat" (Arabic:{{inlineArabic| تَفَطَّرَت}}) and "Infatarat" have the same meaning and "Iftar" (Arabic:{{inlineArabic| إِفطار}}) and "Fitr" (Arabic:{{inlineArabic| فِطر}}) are from the same root, since the fasting person opens his mouth to eat at sunset and on the day of Eid al-Fitr.<ref>Ibn Manẓūr, ''Lisān al-ʿArab'', under the word "{{ia|فطر}}".</ref> | ||
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Eid al-Fitr is the first day of [[Shawwal]]; thus, by seeing the new moon of the month of Shawwal on the 29th of [[Ramadan]] or after 30 days of Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr is confirmed. | Eid al-Fitr is the first day of [[Shawwal]]; thus, by seeing the new moon of the month of Shawwal on the 29th of [[Ramadan]] or after 30 days of Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr is confirmed. | ||
According to some [[hadith]]s, the month of [[Ramadan]] is always 30 days and will never be less.<ref>See: Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 10, p. 268-274.</ref> Some of scholars of the past supported these hadiths.<ref>See: Sayyid b. Ṭāwūs, ''al-Iqbāl bi-l-aʿmāl al-ḥasana'', vol. 1, p. 33-35.</ref> However, some hadiths say that the month of Ramadan like other months can be 29 or 30 days.<ref>See: Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 10, p. 261-268.</ref> Most [[ | According to some [[hadith]]s, the month of [[Ramadan]] is always 30 days and will never be less.<ref>See: Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 10, p. 268-274.</ref> Some of scholars of the past supported these hadiths.<ref>See: Sayyid b. Ṭāwūs, ''al-Iqbāl bi-l-aʿmāl al-ḥasana'', vol. 1, p. 33-35.</ref> However, some hadiths say that the month of Ramadan like other months can be 29 or 30 days.<ref>See: Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 10, p. 261-268.</ref> Most [[faqih|jurists]] support these hadiths.<ref>Āmulī, ''Miṣbāḥ al-hudā'', vol. 8, p. 384.</ref> | ||
== In the Qur'an == | == In the Qur'an == | ||