Anonymous user
Migration to Abyssinia: Difference between revisions
no edit summary
imported>Yasser P. (Created page with "'''Migration to Abyssinia''' was an event in which some Muslims in Mecca migrated to Abyssinia in the early years of bi'that at the command of the Prophet Muhamm...") |
imported>Yasser P. No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
'''Migration to Abyssinia''' was an event in which some Muslims in [[Mecca]] migrated to [[Abyssinia]] in the early years of [[bi'that]] at the command of [[the Prophet Muhammad (s)]] in order to escape the brutal oppressions of the [[polytheists]]. The [[Quraysh]] sent [['Amr b. 'As]] and [['Abd Allah b. Abi Rabi'a]] to Abyssinia in order to extradite the immigrants, but [[ | '''Migration to Abyssinia''' was an event in which some Muslims in [[Mecca]] migrated to [[Abyssinia]] in the early years of [[bi'that]] at the command of [[the Prophet Muhammad (s)]] in order to escape the brutal oppressions of the [[polytheists]]. The [[Quraysh]] sent [['Amr b. 'As]] and [['Abd Allah b. Abi Rabi'a]] to Abyssinia in order to extradite the immigrants, but [[Ashama b. Abjar]]—the King of Abyssinia known as al-Najashi—was impressed by the remarks of [[Ja'far b. Abi Talib]], the head of the migrants, and thus he did not surrender them to the polytheists. Some Muslims passed away in Abyssinia, and some of them had children there; [['Abd Allah b. Ja'far]]—[[Zaynab (a)]]'s husband—was born in Abyssinia. | ||
==The reason for the migration== | ==The reason for the migration== | ||
After [[bi'that]] (the first [[revelation]] of the Prophet (s)), some people in [[Mecca]] believed in the Prophet (s). In reaction to this, heads of Quraysh began torturing and persecuting people who converted to Islam. Thus the Prophet (s) told Muslims to migrate to Abyssinia, because its | After [[bi'that]] (the first [[revelation]] of the Prophet (s)), some people in [[Mecca]] believed in the Prophet (s). In reaction to this, heads of Quraysh began torturing and persecuting people who converted to Islam. Thus the Prophet (s) told Muslims to migrate to Abyssinia, because its ruler—Ashama b. Abjar—was a just and pious Christian. The migration took place surreptitiously; two commercial ships took the immigrants to Abyssinia with half the price. There were two migrations by Muslims to Abyssinia. According to [[Ya'qubi]], in the first migration 12 men went to Abyssinia, and in the second 70 men (not including women and children) migrated there. | ||
==The first migration== | ==The first migration== | ||
| Line 45: | Line 45: | ||
==Quraysh's reaction== | ==Quraysh's reaction== | ||
After the second migration of some Muslims to Abyssinia, heads of [[Quraysh]] sought to counteract. Since they had commercial transactions and friendly relationships with people and the government of Abyssinia, they sent [['Amr b. 'As]] and [['Abd Allah b. Abi Rabi'a]], with some presents, to [[ | After the second migration of some Muslims to Abyssinia, heads of [[Quraysh]] sought to counteract. Since they had commercial transactions and friendly relationships with people and the government of Abyssinia, they sent [['Amr b. 'As]] and [['Abd Allah b. Abi Rabi'a]], with some presents, to [[Ashama b. Abjar]], the king of Abyssinia in order to convince him to return the migrants. 'Amr b. 'As told the king that the migrants were silly slaves who abandoned their religion, and he wants them back. The king preferred to ask the migrants themselves. So he gathered the religious seniors of his country and in their presence, he asked the Muslims about the reason why they migrated to Abyssinia. [[Ja'far b. Abi Talib]] replied: | ||
: We were ignorant idolaters, we used to eat the meat of dead animals, we used to shed bloods, and we used to commit adultery, until God sent us a prophet whose genealogy we know and in whose truthfulness and honesty we trust. He has called us to God and [[monotheism]] and prohibited [[idolatry]], he called us to truthfulness and relations with our family and goodness to our neighbors. However, these people were being hostile to us and want to force us back to idolatry. Thus we migrated to your lands and preferred you over others. | : We were ignorant idolaters, we used to eat the meat of dead animals, we used to shed bloods, and we used to commit adultery, until God sent us a prophet whose genealogy we know and in whose truthfulness and honesty we trust. He has called us to God and [[monotheism]] and prohibited [[idolatry]], he called us to truthfulness and relations with our family and goodness to our neighbors. However, these people were being hostile to us and want to force us back to idolatry. Thus we migrated to your lands and preferred you over others. | ||
| Line 51: | Line 51: | ||
The king said: I swear to God that I will never return you to them. Thus the two polytheists felt abased. | The king said: I swear to God that I will never return you to them. Thus the two polytheists felt abased. | ||
== | ==Ashama b. Abjar's conversion to Islam== | ||
The next day, 'Amr b. 'As went to | The next day, 'Amr b. 'As went to Ashama b. Abjar once again. He talked to him about the disagreement of Muslims with Christians about [[Jesus the Christ]] in order to convince him to extradite the Muslims to Mecca. Not only did he fail to do so, but the king converted to Islam because of Ja'far's remarks about Jesus. | ||
==The return of the migrants== | ==The return of the migrants== | ||
The migrants gradually returned from Abyssinia. Those who had returned after the first migration stayed in [[Mecca]] and then migrated with other Muslims to [[Medina]]. Some of them returned to Medina prior to the [[Battle of Khaybar]] and others returned after the [[Conquest of Khaybar]]. | The migrants gradually returned from Abyssinia. Those who had returned after the first migration stayed in [[Mecca]] and then migrated with other Muslims to [[Medina]]. Some of them returned to Medina prior to the [[Battle of Khaybar]] and others returned after the [[Conquest of Khaybar]]. | ||
[[The Prophet (s)]] sent [['Amr b. Umayya al-Damri]] to | [[The Prophet (s)]] sent [['Amr b. Umayya al-Damri]] to the king of Abyssinia in order to facilitate their return. The last migrants returned from Abyssinia in 7 A.H. (628) simultaneous with the Conquest of Khaybar. [[Asma' bt. 'Umays]], [['Abd Allah b. Ja'far]] and his brothers Muhammad and 'Awn were among the last migrants. When Ja'far went to the Prophet (s), he kissed the point between his two eyes and said: "I do not know which to express my happiness for: the Conquest of Khaybar or the return of Ja'far." | ||
==Migrants who passed away== | ==Migrants who passed away== | ||