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Al-Hajjaj b. Yusuf al-Thaqafi: Difference between revisions
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In [[77]]/696-7, [[Mutarraf b. Mughira b. Shu'ba]]—al-Hajjaj's agent in [[Mada'in]]—rose against the [[Umayyads]] and anounced the removal of [['Abd al-Malik b. Marwan]] from the position of [[caliphate]], and issued a permission for killing al-Hajjaj. Al-Hajjaj imprisoned Hamza, Mutarraf's brother and supporter, in [[Hamadan]]. He sent an army to fight with Mutarraf. Mutarraf and his companions were killed near [[Isfahan]] and their uprising was quenched. | In [[77]]/696-7, [[Mutarraf b. Mughira b. Shu'ba]]—al-Hajjaj's agent in [[Mada'in]]—rose against the [[Umayyads]] and anounced the removal of [['Abd al-Malik b. Marwan]] from the position of [[caliphate]], and issued a permission for killing al-Hajjaj. Al-Hajjaj imprisoned Hamza, Mutarraf's brother and supporter, in [[Hamadan]]. He sent an army to fight with Mutarraf. Mutarraf and his companions were killed near [[Isfahan]] and their uprising was quenched. | ||
==Battle with Ibn Ash'ath== | ===Battle with Ibn Ash'ath=== | ||
The greatest and most dangerous riot against al-Hajjaj was that of [['Abd al-Rahman b. Ash'ath al-Kindi]]. The riot lasted from 81 | The greatest and most dangerous riot against al-Hajjaj was that of [['Abd al-Rahman b. Ash'ath al-Kindi]]. The riot lasted from [[81]]/700-1 to [[84]]/703-4. | ||
In late 79 | In late [[79]]/699 or early [[80]]/699, al-Hajjaj provided a 40,000-member army called "Tawawis Army" (Army of Peacocks) under the commandership of [['Abd al-Rahman b. Muhammad b. Ash'ath]] in order to quench Ratbil in [[Sistan]]. After some victories, Ibn Ash'ath decided to temporarily suspend his progress. | ||
Al-Hajjaj did opposed his decision, and insisted that ibn Ash'ath go on his military advance until he conquers [[Kabul]]. This disagreement led to ibn Ash'ath's uprising against al-Hajjaj. Ibn Ash'ath's army, consisting of over 70,000 people, pledged their allegiance to him, and he defeated al-Hajjaj. | |||
In [[Sha'ban]] 83 | When 'Abd al-Malik's backup forces arrived, al-Hajjaj went to Basra and fought with Ibn Ash'ath. In the first battle, al-Hajjaj was victorious, but in the second battle, which occurred on [[Dhu l-Hajja 10]], [[81]]/January 29, 701, he was defeated and had to retreat to Basra. After this, ibn Ash'ath went to Zawiya, near Basra, to fight with al-Hajjaj, but after the first victory, he was defeated in [[Muharram]] [[82]]/February 701. After a fierce battle with [['Abd al-Rahman b. 'Abbas al-Hashimi]], al-Hajjaj took Basra back, and gave an amnesty to its people. | ||
When al-Hajjaj learned that ibn Ash'ath's 200,000-member army were 7 [[farshakh]]s away north of Kufa, he launched a battle against them, and after 100 days and 80 battles lasting from [[Rabi' I 1]] to [[Jumada II 14]], [[82]]/April 19 to July 30, 701), he defeated ibn Ash'ath and decapitated most prisoners. | |||
In [[Sha'ban]] [[83]]/September 702, al-Hajjaj defeated ibn Ash'ath's army once again. This time ibn Ash'ath escaped to [[Sistan]]. After a compromise with the ruler of Sistan, al-Hajjaj made an agreement with him to extradite ibn Ash'ath to Iraq. He did so, but ibn Ash'ath killed himself on his way to Iraq. | |||
==Conquests in the Indian Subcontinent== | ==Conquests in the Indian Subcontinent== | ||