Sadiq (Title)

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This article is about Title of Imam al-Sadiq (a). For more information about the life of Imam al-Sadiq (a), see Imam al-Sadiq (a).

Ṣādiq (Arabic:الصادِق), meaning honest and truthful, is the most famous title of Imam al-Sadiq (a), the sixth Imam of the Shi'a.[1] This title was bestowed upon him due to his unwavering commitment to truthfulness in his words and actions.[2] Furthermore, he earned this title by leading a life free from mistakes.[3]

According to a hadith from Imam al-Sajjad (a), the title al-Sadiq was bestowed upon the sixth Imam (a) to distinguish him from Ja'far al-Kadhdhab (Ja'far the Liar).[4] In this hadith, 'Ali b. al-Husayn (a), the fourth Imam of the Shi'a, was asked why the denizens of heaven referred to the sixth Imam as al-Sadiq (a), while all the Imams (a) were known as truthful (sadiq). He responded by quoting his father, who in turn quoted the Prophet (s), explaining that when his descendent Ja'far b. Muhammad b. 'Ali b. al-Husayn (a) was born, he should be called al-Sadiq. This was because there would be a person named Ja'far in the fifth generation of Ja'far’s descendants who is his namesake but would falsely claim imamate and be known as al-Kadhdhab (the liar) in the sight of God, attributing falsehoods to Him.[5] The same reason for this appellation is mentioned in the book 'Ilal al-shara'i' as well.[6]

Some have suggested that Imam al-Sadiq (a) was bestowed with this title due to his abstention from participating in the uprisings of his time. During that era, individuals who gathered and mobilized people to revolt against the government were labeled as "kadhdhab" (liars).[7] Additionally, according to a hadith cited by Abu l-Faraj al-Isfahani (284/897-8 - 356/967) in his book Maqatil al-talibiyyin, al-Mansur al-'Abbasi (reign: 136/754-158/775) granted the title al-Sadiq (truthful) to the sixth Imam of the Shi'a (a). This was because the Imam (a) accurately predicted the assassination of Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah b. al-Hasan, known as al-Nafs al-Zakiyya.[8] Another account mentioned by Ibn Shahrashub al-Mazandarani in his al-Manaqib states that al-Mansur, the Abbasid caliph, bestowed the title "al-Sadiq" upon the Imam (a) due to his accurate prophecy regarding the disclosure of Imam 'Ali's (a) grave.[9]

See Also

Notes

  1. ↑ Majlisī, Jalāʾ al-ʿuyūn, p. 869.
  2. ↑ Muzaffar, al-Imām al-Ṣādiq (a), vol. 2, p. 190.
  3. ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 47, p. 33.
  4. ↑ Qummī, Muntahā l-āmāl, vol. 2, p. 1336.
  5. ↑ Qummī, Muntahā l-āmāl, vol. 2, p. 1336.
  6. ↑ Ṣadūq, ʿIlal al-sharāʾiʿ, vol. 1, p. 274.
  7. ↑ Pākatchī, Jaʿfar Sādiq (a), Imām, p. 181.
  8. ↑ Abu l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-Ṭālibīyyīn, p. 173.
  9. ↑ Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib, vol. 4, p. 273.

References

  • Abu l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn. Maqātil al-Ṭālibīyyīn. Qom: Dār al-Kitāb li-l-Ṭibāʿa wa l-Nashr, 1385/1965.
  • Ibn Shahrāshūb, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib. Edited by Ḥāshim Rasūlī. Qom: Nashr-i ʿAllāma, 1379 Sh.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār. Tehran: Islamīyyā, 1363 Sh.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Jalāʾ al-ʿuyūn: tārīkh-i chāhārdah maʿṣūm. Edited by ʿAlī Imāmīyān. Qom: Surūr, 1382 Sh.
  • Muzaffar, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Al-Imām al-Ṣādiq (a). Qom: Jāmiʿat al-Mudarrisīn, 1421 AH.
  • Pākatchī, Aḥmad. Jaʿfar Sādiq (a), Imām. In dāʾirat al-maʿārif-i buzurg-i Islāmī, vol. 18. Tehran: Markaz-i Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif-i Buzurg-i Islāmī, 1389 Sh.
  • Qummī, Shaykh ʿAbbās. Muntahā l-āmāl. Edited by Naṣir Bāqirī Bīdhindī. 1st edition. Qom: Intishārāt-i Dalīl, 1379 Sh.
  • Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. ʿIlal al-sharāʾiʿ. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Aʿlamī, 1408 AH.
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