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Shaʿbān 15th is the birthday of the Twelfth Imam (a). According to some hadiths, after Laylat al-Qadr, the night before Sha'ban 15th is the most honourable night. Some Shiites stay vigilant at this night and perform religious practices. Some Sunni Muslims, especially Sufis, also respect the night and stay vigilant.

Celebrations of Sha'ban 15th with illuminations and decorations of streets are the biggest Shiite celebrations that are held at the occasion of Imam al-Mahdi (a)'s birthday in Shiite areas. In Iran, many people gather in the Jamkaran Mosque, and in Iraq, people go to Karbala and visit Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a). Sha'ban 15th is an official holiday in Iran and is called the "World Day of the Impoverished". The night is also known as the night of Barat, Kandili Barat (in Turkish) and Laylat al-Sikk (in Arabic).

There are hadiths from the Prophet (s) and Shiite Imams (a) emphasizing the importance of vigilance and worship the night before Sha'ban 15th. According to a hadith, the Prophet (s) was awakened by Gabriel the night before Sha'ban 15th and he recommended the Prophet (s) to say prayers, recite the Quran and supplications, and istighfar at this night. According to another hadith, one of the Prophet (s)'s wives reported that he especially worshipped and had long sajdas during the night before Sha'ban 15th. According to hadiths from Imam 'Ali (a) and Imam al-Sadiq (a), there are certain worships and practices that are recommended at this night.

There are other hadiths that emphasize the importance of Sha'ban 15th because of Imam al-Mahdi's (a) birthday.

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Eve of Mid-Sha'ban, 2107 at Jamkaran Mosque, Qom.jpg

Vigilance, worship and praying of the Shia at Eve of Mid-Sha'ban, 2017 at Jamkaran Mosque.

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Upcoming anniversaries

Today, Wednesday: Ramadan 8, 1442/April 21, 2021

680 CE - Death of Mu'awiya b. Abi Sufyan (Rajab 15, 60)
1802 CE - Attack of Saudi king, Sa'ud b. 'Abd al-'Aziz, to Karbala and plundering of the whole city, destruction of the Shrine of al-Abbas (a) and looting all the gifted objects inside the shrine including chandeliers of gold and silver. (Dhu l-Hijja 18, 1216)
1802 CE - Martyrdom of 'Abd al-Samad al-Hamadani in the Wahhabis attack to Karbala (Dhu l-Hijja 18, 1216)
1903 CE - Birth of Rida Madani Kashani (Muharram 23, 1321)

Tomorrow, Thursday: Ramadan 9/April 22
1660 CE – Demise of Muhammad Taqi al-Majlisi (b. 1003/1594-95), father of 'Allama Majlisi. (Sha'ban 11, 1070 AH)
1997 CE – Demise of 'Ali Gharawi 'Aliyari (Dhu l-Hijja 14, 1417)

Friday: Ramadan 10/April 23
4 BH - Demise of Lady Khadija (a), the first wife of prophet Muhammad (s) and the first Muslim woman, (May 1, 619)
1909 CE - Martyrdom of Ali Fumani Rashti (Rabi' II 2, 1327)

Saturday: Ramadan 11/April 24
680 CE - The first day of the caliphate of Yazid b. Mu'awiya (Rajab 18, 60)
1953 CE - Demise of Mirza Mahdi Ashtiyani (Sha'ban 9, 1372)

Sunday: Ramadan 12/April 25
1815 CE - Birth of Sayyid Muhammad Hasan Shirazi (Jumada I 15, 1230)
2014 CE - Demise of Muslim Malakuti (Jumada II 24, 1435)

Monday: Ramadan 13/April 26
1624 CE - Birth of al-Hurr al-'Amili (Rajab 8, 1033)
1910 CE - Demise of Mulla Qurban 'Ali Zanjani known as "Hujjat al-Islam" (Rabi' II 15, 1328)
1935 CE - Birth of Muhammad 'Asif Muhsini (Muharram 22, 1354)
1984 CE - Martyrdom of Mahdi Shahabadi (Rajab 25, 1404)

Tuesday: Ramadan 14/April 27
60 AH - Imam al-Husayn (a) received the letters of elites and people of Kufa from Hani b. Hani al-Sabi'i and Sa'id b. 'Abd Allah al-Hanafi (June 18, 680)
67 AH - Murder of al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi (April 3, 687)
1248 AH - Demise of Shams al-Din Bihbahani (February 4, 1833)
1289 AH - Demise of Sayyid Muhammad Taqi Mumtaz al-Ulama (November 15, 1872)

Wednesday: Ramadan 15/April 28
3 AH - Birth of Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a) (March 1, 625)
1960 CE - Demise of Muhammad Jawad Ansari Hamadani (Dhu l-Qa'da 2, 1379)
1972 CE – Demise of Muhammad Kuhistani (Rabi' I 14, 1392)

Thursday: Ramadan 16/April 29
1919 CE - Demise of Sayyid Muhammad Kazim al-Yazdi (Rajab 28, 1337)

Friday: Ramadan 17/April 30
2 BH – Mi'raj of the Prophet (s), according to a report (April 15, 621 CE)
2 AH – The Battle of Badr between Muslims and polytheists of Quraysh happened. (March 13, 624 CE)
2 AH - Demise of Ruqayya daughter of the Prophet (s) (March 13, 624 CE)
58 AH – Death of Aisha, the wife of the Prophet (s) (July 13, 678 CE)
1933 CE - Demise of Sayyid Ja'far Shahrudi (Muharram 5, 1352)

Historical anniversaries of Ramadan
List of historical anniversaries

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