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Template:Infobox Sahaba ʿAbd Allāh b. Zamʿa (Arabic: عبدالله بن زمعة) was a companion of the Prophet (s) and Imam 'Ali (a). It is reported that during the caliphate of Imam 'Ali (a), he asked the Imam for some money, but the Imam considered the treasury (Bayt al-Mal) to belong to the soldiers of Islam and not for personal use.

According to some Sunni sources, 'Abd Allah, who had gone to visit the Prophet (s) during his illness, was ordered by him to call people for congregational prayer. Since 'Abd Allah could not find Abu Bakr, he asked 'Umar to lead the prayer. When the Prophet (s) was informed of this, he forbade 'Umar and said that only Abu Bakr should lead the prayer. 'Umar, who thought 'Abd Allah had asked him to lead the prayer on the Prophet's behalf, complained to him. 'Abd Allah replied that he considered 'Umar the best person for leading the prayer in Abu Bakr's absence.

His grandfather (al-Aswad) was among those who mocked the Prophet (s), and his father, uncle, and brother were among the disbelievers killed in the Battle of Badr. Nevertheless, 'Abd Allah is introduced as a companion of Imam 'Ali (a) and an instance of the verse "He brings forth the living from the dead, and brings forth the dead from the living."

Introduction

'Abd Allah b. Zam'a[1] b. al-Aswad al-Qurashi al-Asadi[2] was a nobleman of Quraysh[3] and a companion of the Prophet (s).[4] His grandfather (al-Aswad) is considered one of the mockers of the Prophet (s) and the instance of Verse 95 of Sura al-Hijr: "Indeed We will suffice you against the deriders"[5].[6] According to some reports, his father, uncle, and brother were among the disbelievers killed in the Battle of Badr.[7] Sayyid Muhsin al-Amin, the author of A'yan al-Shi'a, mentions 'Abd Allah as one of the companions of Imam 'Ali (a) and an instance of Verse 19 of Sura al-Rum: "He brings forth the living from the dead, and brings forth the dead from the living."[8][9] He is counted among the Muhajirun[10] and narrators from the Prophet (s) and Imam 'Ali (a).[11] It is said that he was fifteen years old at the time of the Demise of the Prophet (s) (11/632).[12] His maternal aunt was Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet (s),[13] and his wife was Zaynab, daughter of Umm Salama.[14] Wahb Abu l-Bakhtari, a narrator and judge in the court of Harun al-Rashid, was a descendant of 'Abd Allah.[15]According to Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani, some believe 'Abd Allah was killed along with Uthman during the attack on Uthman's house. However, some have stated his death occurred in the Event of Harra,[16] which is disputed, and they identify his son Yazid as the person killed in the Event of Harra.[17]

Requesting Money from Imam 'Ali (a)

According to Sermon 232 of Nahj al-balagha,[18] 'Abd Allah b. Zam'a asked Imam 'Ali (a) for some money during his caliphate. The Imam (a) replied: "This money is not for me nor for you, but it is the spoils of war belonging to the Muslims which they acquired by their swords. If you had participated in the battle with them, you would have had a share like theirs; otherwise, what they have gathered is not for other mouths."[19] However, according to some reports, 'Abd Allah was killed during the time of Uthman.[20]

Requesting 'Umar to Lead Prayer in Prophet's Absence

Ibn Sa'd, a Sunni historian, narrates in Al-Tabaqat al-kubra that 'Abd Allah b. Zam'a went to visit the Prophet (s) before his demise. When the time for prayer arrived, the Prophet (s) ordered him to call the people for congregational prayer. Since 'Abd Allah could not find Abu Bakr, he asked 'Umar to lead the prayer for the people. When the Prophet (s) was informed of this, he forbade 'Umar from leading the prayer and said that only Abu Bakr should be the Imam. 'Umar, who thought 'Abd Allah had asked him to lead the prayer on the Prophet's behalf, complained to him. 'Abd Allah replied that he considered 'Umar the best person for leading the prayer in Abu Bakr's absence.[21]

Notes

  1. ↑ Ibn Abī al-Ḥadīd, Sharḥ Nahj al-balāgha, vol. 13, p. 10.
  2. ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, Al-Iṣāba, vol. 4, p. 83.
  3. ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 141.
  4. ↑ Ṭūsī, Rijāl al-Ṭūsī, vol. 1, p. 43.
  5. ↑ Qarāʾatī, Tafsīr-i nūr, vol. 4, p. 483.
  6. ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Al-Istīʿāb, vol. 3, p. 911.
  7. ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Al-Istīʿāb, vol. 3, p. 911.
  8. ↑ Qarāʾatī, Tafsīr-i nūr, vol. 7, p. 187.
  9. ↑ Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, vol. 8, p. 53.
  10. ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, Al-Iṣāba, vol. 4, p. 83.
  11. ↑ Shabastarī, Al-Tabyīn, vol. 2, p. 209.
  12. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, Al-Ṭabaqāt al-ṣaghīr, vol. 1, p. 152.
  13. ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, Al-Iṣāba, vol. 4, p. 83.
  14. ↑ Khaṭīb al-ʿUmarī, Al-Rawḍat al-fayḥāʾ, p. 295.
  15. ↑ Amīnī, Aṣḥāb Amīr al-Muʾminīn, vol. 2, p. 357.
  16. ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, Al-Iṣāba, vol. 4, p. 83.
  17. ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Al-Istīʿāb, vol. 3, p. 912.
  18. ↑ Ibn Abī al-Ḥadīd, Sharḥ Nahj al-balāgha, vol. 13, p. 227.
  19. ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Nahj al-balāgha bā tarjuma-yi fārsī-yi ravān, p. 553.
  20. ↑ See: Ibn Ḥajar, Al-Iṣāba, vol. 4, p. 83.
  21. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 2, p. 133; Ibn ʿAsākir, Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq, vol. 30, p. 262.

References

  • Amīn, Sayyid Muḥsin al-. Aʿyān al-Shīʿa. Beirut, Dār al-Taʿāruf, 1403 AH.
  • Amīnī, Muḥammad Hādī al-. Aṣḥāb Amīr al-Muʾminīn ʿalayh al-salām wa al-ruwāt ʿanh. Beirut, Dār al-Kitāb al-Islāmī, 1412 AH.
  • Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Yūsuf b. ʿAbd Allāh. Al-Istīʿāb fī maʿrifat al-aṣḥāb. Edited by ʿAlī Muḥammad al-Bajāwī. Beirut, Dār al-Jīl, 1412 AH/1992.
  • Ibn Abī al-Ḥadīd, ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. Sharḥ Nahj al-balāgha. Qom, Maktabat Āyatullāh al-Marʿashī al-Najafī, 1404 AH.
  • Ibn al-Athīr, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad. Usd al-ghāba fī maʿrifat al-ṣaḥāba. Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1409 AH/1989.
  • Ibn ʿAsākir, ʿAlī b. al-Ḥasan. Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq. Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1415 AH.
  • Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Al-Iṣāba fī tamyīz al-ṣaḥāba. Edited by ʿĀdil Aḥmad ʿAbd al-Mawjūd & ʿAlī Muḥammad Muʿawwaḍ. Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1415 AH/1995.
  • Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad. Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā. Taif, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1414 AH.
  • Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad. Al-Ṭabaqāt al-ṣaghīr. Tunisia, Dār al-Gharb al-Islāmī, 2009.
  • Khaṭīb al-ʿUmarī, Yāsīn al-. Al-Rawḍat al-fayḥāʾ fī tawārīkh al-nisāʾ. Edited by Ḥusām Riyāḍ ʿAbd al-Ḥakīm. Beirut, Muʾassasat al-Kutub al-Thaqāfiyya, 1420 AH.
  • Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir. Nahj al-balāgha bā tarjuma-yi fārsī-yi ravān. Qom, Madrasa-yi Imām ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib, 1385 Sh.
  • Qarāʾatī, Muḥsin. Tafsīr-i nūr. Tehran, Markaz-i Farhangī-yi Dars-hāyī az Qurʾān, 1388 Sh.
  • Shabastarī, ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn. Al-Tabyīn fī aṣḥāb al-Imām Amīr al-Muʾminīn ʿalayh al-salām wa al-ruwāt ʿanh. Qom, Al-Maktabat al-Tārīkhiyya al-Mukhtaṣṣa, 1430 AH.
  • Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. Rijāl al-Ṭūsī. Qom, Jāmiʿa-yi Mudarrisīn, 1373 Sh.
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