Jump to content

Draft:Abbād b. al-ʿAwwām

Add links
From wikishia
Abbād b. al-ʿAwwām
Personal Information
Full Name'Abbad b. al-'Awwam b. 'Umar b. 'Abd Allah b. al-Mundhir
TeknonymAbu Sahl al-Wasiti
Epithetal-Kilabi
Well-Known AsShia scholar and ascetic
Religious AffiliationShi'a
Birth118/736
Place of BirthWasit
ResidenceKarkh of Baghdad
Death185/801
Burial PlaceBaghdad
Scholarly Information
ProfessorsAbu Ishaq al-Shaybani, Yahya b. Abi Ishaq, Isma'il b. Abi Khalid
StudentsAhmad b. Hanbal, al-Fadl b. Dukayn, 'Imran b. Maysara
Scholarly
Activities		Transmission of Hadith
Socio-Political Activities
Socio-Political
Activities		Support for the Uprising of Ibrahim b. Abd Allah


ʿAbbād b. al-ʿAwwām (118/736–185/801) was a prominent Shi'a scholar and ascetic of the 2nd/8th century, widely recognized as a distinguished muhaddith. Sunni scholars have authenticated him as thiqah (trustworthy).

Together with other notables and scholars of his era, 'Abbad supported the Uprising of Ibrahim b. Abd Allah, actively encouraging the populace to join the revolt. Following the uprising's failure, he lived as a fugitive in concealment; however, he was later pardoned during the caliphate of al-Mahdi al-Abbasi and granted permission to transmit hadith.

During the reign of Harun al-Rashid, he faced persecution; his home was demolished, and he was imprisoned. Eventually released, he resumed the transmission of hadith. He narrated traditions from numerous scholars, and prominent figures such as Ahmad b. Hanbal, al-Fadl b. Dukayn, and 'Imran b. Maysara narrated from him.

Position and Importance

'Abbad b. al-'Awwam b. 'Umar b. 'Abd Allah, known as 'Abbad b. al-'Awwam al-Kilabi, was a renowned scholar and ascetic[1] within the Shi'a tradition.[2] His kunya was Abu Sahl[3] al-Wasiti,[4] and his nisba (lineage title) was al-Kala'i[5] or al-Kilabi.[6]

'Abbad is sometimes counted among the Tabi'un,[7] and has been described as a major jurist[8] and muhaddith[9] as well as a scholar of Hadith sciences,[10] counting Ahmad b. Hanbal among his students.[11]

'Abbad was characterized as one of the most noble individuals of his time in all matters,[12] and his son, 'Awwam b. 'Abbad, is also cited as a narrator.[13]

Religion

While some historical sources identify 'Abbad b. al-'Awwam as Shi'a,[14] he was simultaneously held in high regard by the Ahl al-Sunna;[15] indeed, al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, the 5th/11th-century Sunni jurist and historian, listed several scholars who authenticated him as thiqah (trustworthy) and ṣadūq (truthful).[16] Due to his association with Ibrahim b. Abd Allah, the author of Qamus al-rijal classified him as a Zaydi Shia.[17]

Masters and Students in Narration

'Abbad b. al-'Awwam transmitted traditions from numerous authorities, including: Abu Ishaq al-Shaybani, Yahya b. Abi Ishaq, Isma'il b. Abi Khalid,[18] Husayn b. 'Abd al-Rahman, Harun b. 'Antara, Sa'id al-Jariri, Sa'id b. Abi 'Aruba, Hilal b. Khabbab,[19] Humayd al-Tawil, and Abi Malik al-Ashja'i.[20]

Notable narrators who reported from him include: Ahmad b. Hanbal, al-Fadl b. Dukayn, Sa'id b. Sulayman al-Wasiti, Abu l-Rabi' al-Zahrani, al-Hasan b. 'Arafa,[21] Sa'id b. Sulayman, 'Imran b. Maysara, Abu Bakr b. Abi Shayba,[22] Ziyad b. Ayyub, and 'Ali b. Muslim al-Tusi.[23]

Biography

'Abbad b. al-'Awwam b. 'Umar b. 'Abd Allah b. al-Mundhir b. Mus'ab b. Jandal[24] was born in 118/736.[25] A native of Wasit in Iraq, he eventually died in Baghdad,[26] where he was buried.[27] There is scholarly disagreement regarding the date of his death,[28] with the years 183/799, 184/800, 185/801, and 186/802 all being cited.[29] A group of Sunni scholars, including the 3rd/9th-century historian Ibn Sa'd, maintain that 'Abbad b. al-'Awwam died in 185/801 during the caliphate of Harun al-Rashid.[30]

Support for the Uprising of Ibrahim b. Abd Allah al-Hasani

'Abbad b. al-'Awwam supported the uprising of Ibrahim b. 'Abd Allah al-Hasani,[31] actively participating in the conflict[32] and encouraging the populace to join the rebellion.[33] His involvement influenced a group of people to align themselves with the uprising.[34]

Following the failure of Ibrahim's movement, 'Abbad b. al-'Awwam remained a fugitive in hiding until the end of al-Mansur's caliphate.[35]

Governmental Restrictions for Abbad

After a period of concealment during al-Mansur's reign, 'Abbad was pardoned under al-Mahdi and received permission to transmit Hadith.[36] He took up residence in the Karkh district of Baghdad,[37] where scholars from Baghdad[38] and Iraq[39] narrated from him.

During Harun's reign, 'Abbad b. al-'Awwam faced persecution; his house was destroyed, and he was imprisoned. The caliph prohibited him from narrating hadith.[40] Harun eventually released 'Abbad and restored his permission to transmit hadith.[41]

Notes

  1. ↑ Bandanījī Qādirī, Jāmiʿ al-anwār, 1422 AH, p. 191.
  2. ↑ Shūshtarī, Qāmūs al-rijāl, 1410 AH, vol. 5, p. 652.
  3. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, 1410 AH, vol. 7, p. 238; Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, Tārīkh Baghdād, 1417 AH, vol. 11, p. 107; Bandanījī Qādirī, Jāmiʿ al-anwār, 1422 AH, p. 191.
  4. ↑ Muẓaffar, al-Ifṣāḥ, 1426 AH, vol. 2, p. 371; Shūshtarī, Qāmūs al-rijāl, 1410 AH, vol. 5, p. 652; Ḥusaynī, al-Tadhkira bi-maʿrifat rijāl al-kutub al-ʿashara, 1418 AH, vol. 2, p. 803; Abū Makhrama, Qilādat al-naḥr, 1428 AH, vol. 2, p. 292; Bandanījī Qādirī, Jāmiʿ al-anwār, 1422 AH, p. 191.
  5. ↑ Samʿānī, al-Ansāb, 1382 AH, vol. 11, p. 187.
  6. ↑ Ṣafadī, al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, 1401 AH, vol. 16, p. 614; Ḥusaynī, al-Tadhkira bi-maʿrifat rijāl al-kutub al-ʿashara, 1418 AH, vol. 2, p. 803.
  7. ↑ Bandanījī Qādirī, Jāmiʿ al-anwār, 1422 AH, p. 191.
  8. ↑ Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn, Beirut, p. 315.
  9. ↑ Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, 1403 AH, vol. 7, p. 410.
  10. ↑ Zirikli, al-Aʿlām, 1989, vol. 3, p. 257.
  11. ↑ Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, 1403 AH, vol. 7, p. 410.
  12. ↑ Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, Tārīkh Baghdād, 1417 AH, vol. 11, p. 107; Muẓaffar, al-Ifṣāḥ, 1426 AH, vol. 2, p. 372.
  13. ↑ Ḥusaynī, al-Tadhkira bi-maʿrifat rijāl al-kutub al-ʿashara, 1418 AH, vol. 2, p. 1310; Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb, 1325 AH, vol. 8, p. 164.
  14. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, 1410 AH, vol. 7, p. 238; Muẓaffar, al-Ifṣāḥ, 1426 AH, vol. 2, p. 372; Ṣafadī, al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, 1401 AH, vol. 16, p. 614.
  15. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, 1410 AH, vol. 7, p. 238; Ibn al-Jawzī, al-Muntaẓam, 1412 AH, vol. 9, p. 108; Ibn Ḥanbal, Faḍāʾil al-ṣaḥāba, 1430 AH, vol. 1, p. 360.
  16. ↑ Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, Tārīkh Baghdād, 1417 AH, vol. 11, p. 105.
  17. ↑ Shūshtarī, Qāmūs al-rijāl, 1410 AH, vol. 5, p. 653.
  18. ↑ Abū Makhrama, Qilādat al-naḥr, 1428 AH, vol. 2, p. 292.
  19. ↑ Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, Tārīkh Baghdād, 1417 AH, vol. 11, p. 105.
  20. ↑ Ḥusaynī, al-Tadhkira bi-maʿrifat rijāl al-kutub al-ʿashara, 1418 AH, vol. 2, p. 803; Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, 1403 AH, vol. 7, p. 410.
  21. ↑ Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, Tārīkh Baghdād, 1417 AH, vol. 11, p. 105.
  22. ↑ Abū Makhrama, Qilādat al-naḥr, 1428 AH, vol. 2, p. 292.
  23. ↑ Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, 1403 AH, vol. 7, p. 410; Ḥusaynī, al-Tadhkira bi-maʿrifat rijāl al-kutub al-ʿashara, 1418 AH, vol. 2, p. 803.
  24. ↑ Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, Tārīkh Baghdād, 1417 AH, vol. 11, p. 105.
  25. ↑ Muẓaffar, al-Ifṣāḥ, 1426 AH, vol. 2, p. 372.
  26. ↑ Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, Tārīkh Baghdād, 1417 AH, vol. 11, p. 107.
  27. ↑ Bandanījī Qādirī, Jāmiʿ al-anwār, 1422 AH, p. 191.
  28. ↑ Ṣafadī, al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, 1401 AH, vol. 16, p. 614.
  29. ↑ Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, Tārīkh Baghdād, 1417 AH, vol. 11, p. 107; Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, 1403 AH, vol. 7, p. 410; Dhahabī, Tārīkh al-Islām, 1413 AH, vol. 12, p. 202.
  30. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, 1410 AH, vol. 7, p. 238; Ibn al-Jawzī, al-Muntaẓam, 1412 AH, vol. 9, p. 108; Ibn Ḥanbal, Faḍāʾil al-ṣaḥāba, 1430 AH, vol. 1, p. 360; Bandanījī Qādirī, Jāmiʿ al-anwār, 1422 AH, p. 191.
  31. ↑ Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn, Beirut, p. 311; Ibn al-ʿImād al-Ḥanbalī, Shadharāt al-dhahab, 1406 AH, vol. 2, p. 203; Balʿamī, Tārīkh-nāma-yi Ṭabarī, 1373 Sh, vol. 4, p. 1125.
  32. ↑ Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn, Beirut, pp. 315, 323.
  33. ↑ Ibn al-ʿImād al-Ḥanbalī, Shadharāt al-dhahab, 1406 AH, vol. 2, p. 203.
  34. ↑ Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn, Beirut, p. 315.
  35. ↑ Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn, Beirut, p. 315.
  36. ↑ Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn, Beirut, p. 315.
  37. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, 1410 AH, vol. 7, p. 238.
  38. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, 1410 AH, vol. 7, p. 238.
  39. ↑ Samʿānī, al-Ansāb, 1382 AH, vol. 11, p. 187.
  40. ↑ Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn, Beirut, p. 311; Shūshtarī, Qāmūs al-rijāl, 1410 AH, vol. 5, p. 653.
  41. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, 1410 AH, vol. 7, p. 238; Shūshtarī, Qāmūs al-rijāl, 1410 AH, vol. 5, p. 652.

References

  • Ibn al-Athīr, ʿAlī b. Abī l-Karam, al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh, Beirut, Dār Ṣādir, 1385 AH.
  • Ibn al-ʿImād al-Ḥanbalī, ʿAbd al-Ḥayy b. Aḥmad, Shadharāt al-dhahab fī akhbār man dhahab, edited by al-Arna'ut, Beirut, Dār Ibn Kathīr, 1406 AH.
  • Ibn al-Jawzī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAlī, al-Muntaẓam fī tārīkh al-umam wa-l-mulūk, edited by Muhammad Abd al-Qadir Ata and Mustafa Abd al-Qadir Ata, Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1412 AH.
  • Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī, Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb, Beirut, Dār Ṣādir, 1325 AH.
  • Ibn Ḥanbal, Aḥmad b. Muḥammad, Faḍāʾil al-ṣaḥāba, Cairo, Dār Ibn al-Jawzī, 4th ed., 1430 AH.
  • Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, edited by Muhammad Abd al-Qadir Ata, Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1410 AH.
  • Abū Makhrama, ʿAbd Allāh Ṭayyib b. ʿAbd Allāh, Qilādat al-naḥr fī wafayāt aʿyān al-dahr, Beirut, Dār al-Minhāj, 1428 AH.
  • Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn, Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn, edited by Sayyid Ahmad Saqr, Beirut, Dār al-Maʿrifa, n.d.
  • Amīn, Muḥsin, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, Beirut, Dār al-Taʿāruf li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1403 AH.
  • Bandanījī Qādirī, ʿĪsā Ṣafāʾ al-Dīn, Jāmiʿ al-anwār fī manāqib al-akhyār, Beirut, al-Dār al-ʿArabiyya li-l-Mawsūʿāt, 1422 AH.
  • Ḥusaynī, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī, al-Tadhkira bi-maʿrifat rijāl al-kutub al-ʿashara, Cairo, Maktabat al-Khānjī, 1418 AH.
  • Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī, Tārīkh Baghdād, Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1417 AH.
  • Dhahabī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad, Tārīkh al-Islām wa wafayāt al-mashāhīr wa l-aʿlām, edited by Umar Abd al-Salam Tadmuri, Beirut, Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, 2nd ed., 1413 AH.
  • Zirikli, Khayr al-Dīn, al-Aʿlām, Beirut, Dār al-ʿIlm li-l-malāyīn, 8th ed., 1989.
  • Samʿānī, ʿAbd al-Karīm b. Muḥammad, al-Ansāb, Hyderabad, Council of the Osmania Encyclopedia, 1382 AH.
  • Shūshtarī, Muḥammad Taqi, Qāmūs al-rijāl, Qom, Muʾassasat al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 2nd ed., 1410 AH.
  • Ṣafadī, Khalīl b. Aybak, al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, Beirut, Dār al-Nashr, 2nd ed., 1401 AH.
  • Balʿamī, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad, Tārīkh-nāma-yi Ṭabarī, edited by Muhammad Rowshan, Tehran, Alborz, 3rd ed., 1373 Sh.
  • Muẓaffar, Muḥammad Ḥasan, al-Ifṣāḥ ʿan aḥwāl ruwāt al-ṣiḥāḥ, Qom, Muʾassasa-yi Āl al-Bayt (a), 1426 AH.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikishia.net/w/index.php?title=Draft:Abbād_b._al-ʿAwwām&oldid=204885"