Al-Qa'im (a): Difference between revisions

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'''Qāʾim Āl Muḥammad''' (Arabic:{{ia| قائم آل محمد}}) is a title of [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]] indicating his promised uprising in the [[End Time]]. Although in many [[hadiths]] the tile refers to Imam al-Mahdi (a), in others, it refers to other [[Imams (a)]] as well, which means a person who stands up for God's orders. Some [[Shi'as]] in [[2nd/8th century|2nd/8th]] and [[3rd/9th century|3rd/9th]] centuries thought that some Imams or their children were the promised Qa'ims and were expecting their [[Reappearance]].

In some hadiths, "Qa'im Al Muhammad" is used as a title of [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]]. But in others it is not used so; rather it is used as generally referring to a person who stands up or rises up for justice. In his ''[[al-Kafi]]'', [[al-Kulayni]] wrote a chapter under "all Imams were Qa'im (standing up) for God's order". Phrases in [[hadiths]], such as "he is the Qa'im of his time", "all of us are Qa'im for God's order" and the like, imply that the term, "Qa'im", is not specifically used for Imam al-Mahdi (a).

Since Imam al-Mahdi's (a) uprising (qiyam) is the most salient part of his life, this title was frequently used in the remarks of the [[Infallibles (a)]]. Some hadiths are explicit about this, for example:

* [[Imam al-Jawad (a)]] was asked why he (al-Mahdi) is called 'Qa'im'. He said: "because will rise up when his name is forgotten".

In the age of the presence of the Imams (a), some Shi'as used the term, 'Qa'im', for some Imams (a) or their children.

After the demise of [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]], some people took him to be the last Imam, holding that he was the expected Qa'im. According to al-Baghdadi, when Imam al-Baqir (a) died, some of his companions believed in his [[Mahdawiyya]], and according to al-Shahristani, they believed that the Imam (a) will have a [[raj'a]].

During the lifetime of [[Imam al-Kazim (a)]], many people expected him, as the Qa'im Al Muhammad, to found the right government that the society was expecting for years. After his [[martyrdom]], some of his most prominent companions and representatives in different areas believed that he was alive and was only invisible to people and will soon reappear as the Qa'im and will establish the just government. These people were called "[[Waqifa]]".

After the [[martyrdom]] of [[Imam Hasan al-'Askari (a)]], some people believed in his Mahdawiyya. [[Al-Shaykh al-Saduq]] said: "people who stopped at Hasan b. 'Ali b. Muhammad (that is, Imam al-'Askari) claimed that he went into an occultation and believed that he was al-Qa'im al-Mahdi".

[[Kaysanites]] believed that [[Muhammad b. Hanafiya]] was an Imam and believed in his being the Mahdi and the Qa'im. After his death, some of them believed that he was occluded and would rise up soon.

Some [[Zaydiyya]] claimed that the leaders of Zaydi uprisings were Mahdis. They believed that they would return one day and would fill the world with justice. They claimed Mahdawiyya about [[Zayd b. 'Ali]], [[al-Nafs al-Zakiyya]] and other leaders of Zaydiyya.

[[Isma'iliyya]] which was formed after the martyrdom of Imam al-Sadiq (a) was branched into two groups: some of them accepted the imamate of Muahmmad, the son of Isma'il, and some of them stopped at the imamate of [[Isma'il b. Ja'far]] and believed in his Mahdawiyya. They believed that Isma'il did not die; rather his father, Imam al-Sadiq (a), had hidden him from people in order to protect him from harms. They believed that he would live until he takes over the whole Earth. These are pure Isma'iliyya. However, some of the followers of Muhammad b. Isma'il believed in his Mahdawiyya and stopped at his imamate.