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'''Al-Qāʾim''' (Arabic:{{ia| القائم}}; literally meaning: who stands up) is a title of [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]] indicating his promised [[Imam al-Mahdi's (a) uprising|uprising]] in the [[End Time]]. Although in many [[hadith]]s the title refers to Imam al-Mahdi (a), in others, it refers to other [[Imams (a)]] as well, which means a person who stands up for [[God]]'s orders. Some [[Shi'a]]s in 2nd/[[8th century|eighth]] and 3rd/[[ninth century|ninth]] centuries thought that some Imams or their children were the promised al-Qa'im and were expecting their reappearance. | |||
'''Al-Qāʾim''' (Arabic:{{ia| القائم}}; literally meaning: who stands up) is a title of [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]] indicating his promised [[Imam al-Mahdi's (a) uprising|uprising]] in the [[End Time]]. Although in many [[hadith]]s the title refers to Imam al-Mahdi (a), in others, it refers to other [[Imams (a)]] as well, which means a person who stands up for [[God]]'s orders. Some [[Shi'a]]s in 2nd/[[8th century| | |||
==In Hadiths== | ==In Hadiths== | ||
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===Imams=== | ===Imams=== | ||
After the demise of [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]], some people took him to be the last Imam, holding that he was the expected al-Qa'im. According to al-Baghdadi, when Imam al-Baqir (a) died, some of his companions believed in his [[Mahdawiyya]] (the promised savior)<ref>Baghdādī, ''al-Farq bayn al-firaq'', p. 59.</ref>, and according to al-Shahristani, they believed that the Imam (a) will have a [[raj'a]] (return).<ref>Shahristānī, ''Kitāb al-milal wa l-niḥal'', p. 147.</ref> | *After the demise of [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]], some people took him to be the last Imam, holding that he was the expected al-Qa'im. According to al-Baghdadi, when Imam al-Baqir (a) died, some of his companions believed in his [[Mahdawiyya]] (the promised savior)<ref>Baghdādī, ''al-Farq bayn al-firaq'', p. 59.</ref>, and according to al-Shahristani, they believed that the Imam (a) will have a [[raj'a]] (return).<ref>Shahristānī, ''Kitāb al-milal wa l-niḥal'', p. 147.</ref> | ||
During the lifetime of [[Imam al-Kazim (a)]], many people expected him, as the "Qa'im Al Muhammad", to found the right government that the society was expecting for years. After his martyrdom, some of his most prominent companions and representatives in different areas believed that he was alive and was only invisible to people and will soon reappear as the al-Qa'im and will establish the just government.<ref>Mudarrisī Ṭabāṭabāyī, ''Maktab dar farāyand-i takāmul'', p. 123-126.</ref> These people were called "[[Waqifiyya]]". | *During the lifetime of [[Imam al-Kazim (a)]], many people expected him, as the "Qa'im Al Muhammad", to found the right government that the society was expecting for years. After his martyrdom, some of his most prominent companions and representatives in different areas believed that he was alive and was only invisible to people and will soon reappear as the al-Qa'im and will establish the just government.<ref>Mudarrisī Ṭabāṭabāyī, ''Maktab dar farāyand-i takāmul'', p. 123-126.</ref> These people were called "[[Waqifiyya]]". | ||
After the [[martyrdom]] of [[Imam Hasan al-'Askari (a)]], some people believed in his [[Mahdawiyya]] (the promised savior). [[Al-Shaykh al-Saduq]] said: "people who stopped at al-Hasan b. 'Ali b. Muhammad (that is, Imam al-'Askari) claimed that he went into an [[occultation]] and believed that he was al-Qa'im al-Mahdi".<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Kamāl al-Dīn'', vol. 1, p. 40.</ref> | *After the [[martyrdom]] of [[Imam Hasan al-'Askari (a)]], some people believed in his [[Mahdawiyya]] (the promised savior). [[Al-Shaykh al-Saduq]] said: "people who stopped at al-Hasan b. 'Ali b. Muhammad (that is, Imam al-'Askari) claimed that he went into an [[occultation]] and believed that he was al-Qa'im al-Mahdi".<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Kamāl al-Dīn'', vol. 1, p. 40.</ref> | ||
===Children of Imams=== | ===Children of Imams=== | ||
[[Kaysanites]] believed that [[Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya]] was an Imam and believed in his being the al-Mahdi and the al-Qa'im. After his death, some of them believed that he was occluded and would rise up soon.<ref>Nubakhtī, ''Firaq al-Shīʿa'', p. 28.</ref> | *[[Kaysanites]] believed that [[Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya]] was an Imam and believed in his being the al-Mahdi and the al-Qa'im. After his death, some of them believed that he was occluded and would rise up soon.<ref>Nubakhtī, ''Firaq al-Shīʿa'', p. 28.</ref> | ||
Some [[Zaydiyya]] claimed that the leaders of Zaydi uprisings were Mahdis. They believed that they would return one day and would fill the world with justice. They claimed Mahdawiyya about [[Zayd b. 'Ali]]<ref>Masūdī, ''Murūj al-dhahab'', vol. 3, p. 230; Mansūr bi-Allāh, ''al-ʿAqd al-thamīn fī aḥkām al-aʾimma al-ṭāhirīn'', p. 197.</ref>, [[al-Nafs al-Zakiyya]]<ref>Abū l-faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ''Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn'', p. 207, 210-219.</ref>, and other leaders of Zaydiyya.<ref>See: Mūsawīnizhād, "Mahdawīyya wa firqa-yi Ḥusaynīyya-yi Zaydīyya", p. 127-162. </ref> | *Some [[Zaydiyya]] claimed that the leaders of Zaydi uprisings were Mahdis. They believed that they would return one day and would fill the world with justice. They claimed Mahdawiyya about [[Zayd b. 'Ali]]<ref>Masūdī, ''Murūj al-dhahab'', vol. 3, p. 230; Mansūr bi-Allāh, ''al-ʿAqd al-thamīn fī aḥkām al-aʾimma al-ṭāhirīn'', p. 197.</ref>, [[al-Nafs al-Zakiyya]]<ref>Abū l-faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ''Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn'', p. 207, 210-219.</ref>, and other leaders of Zaydiyya.<ref>See: Mūsawīnizhād, "Mahdawīyya wa firqa-yi Ḥusaynīyya-yi Zaydīyya", p. 127-162. </ref> | ||
* [[Isma'iliyya]] which was formed after the martyrdom of [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] was branched into two groups: some of them accepted the imamate of Muahmmad, the son of [[Isma'il b. Imam al-Sadiq (a)|Isma'il]], and some of them stopped at the [[imamate]] of Isma'il and believed in his Mahdawiyya. They believed that Isma'il did not die; rather his father, Imam al-Sadiq (a), had hidden him from people in order to protect him from harms. They believed that he would live until he takes over the whole Earth. These are pure Isma'iliyya.<ref>Nubakhtī, ''Firaq al-Shīʿa'', p. 67-68.</ref> However, some of the followers of Muhammad b. Isma'il believed in his Mahdawiyya and stopped at his imamate.<ref>Nubakhtī, ''Firaq al-Shīʿa'', p. 73.</ref> | * [[Isma'iliyya]] which was formed after the martyrdom of [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] was branched into two groups: some of them accepted the imamate of Muahmmad, the son of [[Isma'il b. Imam al-Sadiq (a)|Isma'il]], and some of them stopped at the [[imamate]] of Isma'il and believed in his Mahdawiyya. They believed that Isma'il did not die; rather his father, Imam al-Sadiq (a), had hidden him from people in order to protect him from harms. They believed that he would live until he takes over the whole Earth. These are pure Isma'iliyya.<ref>Nubakhtī, ''Firaq al-Shīʿa'', p. 67-68.</ref> However, some of the followers of Muhammad b. Isma'il believed in his Mahdawiyya and stopped at his imamate.<ref>Nubakhtī, ''Firaq al-Shīʿa'', p. 73.</ref> | ||
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[[ur:قائم آل محمد]] | [[ur:قائم آل محمد]] | ||
[[id:Qaimu Ali Muhammad]] | [[id:Qaimu Ali Muhammad]] | ||
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[[Category:Epithets of Imam al-Mahdi (a)]] | [[Category:Epithets of Imam al-Mahdi (a)]] | ||
[[Category:Imam al-Mahdi (a)]] | [[Category:Imam al-Mahdi (a)]] | ||