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Da'a'im al-Islam (book): Difference between revisions
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'''Daʿāʾim al-Islām wa dhikr al-ḥalāl wa l-ḥarām wa l-qaḍāyā wa l-aḥkām ʿan Ahl Bayt Rasūl Allāh ʿalayh wa ʿalayhim afḍal al-salām''' (Arabic:{{ia| دعائم الاسلام و ذکر الحلال و الحرام والقضایا و | '''Daʿāʾim al-Islām wa dhikr al-ḥalāl wa l-ḥarām wa l-qaḍāyā wa l-aḥkām ʿan Ahl Bayt Rasūl Allāh ʿalayh wa ʿalayhim afḍal al-salām''' (Arabic:{{ia| دعائم الاسلام و ذکر الحلال و الحرام والقضایا و الأحکام عن أهل بیت رسول الله علیه و علیهم أفضل السلام}}) is a book concerning religious beliefs and the rulings of shari'a on the basis of [[Isma'ili]] [[fiqh]]. It is the most important book written by [[Qadi Nu'man]] regarding fiqh, which was written at the request of the [[Fatimid]] [[caliph]], [[al-Mu'izz li Din Allah]]. The book contains all standard sections of fiqh. Moreover, it opens with a section called "kitab al-wilaya", in which the author deals with most important Isma'ili beliefs, such as [[iman]] (faith) and its difference from Islam, [[wilaya]] of [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]], and the significance of learning Islamic disciplines. | ||
The book is very significant for [[Isma'iliyya]]. Some [[Twelver]] scholars have also appealed to the book in their [[ijtihad]]. | The book is very significant for [[Isma'iliyya]]. Some [[Twelver]] scholars have also appealed to the book in their [[ijtihad]]. | ||
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==Author== | ==Author== | ||
{{main| Qadi Nu'man}} | {{main| Qadi Nu'man}} | ||
The author of the book is Qadi Nu'man b. Muhammad b. Mansur b. Ahmad b. | The author of the book is Qadi Nu'man b. Muhammad b. Mansur b. Ahmad b. Hayyun al-Tamimi al-Maghribi, a scholar of the 4th/10th century. He held important positions in the [[Fatimid government]], especially as the head of judges in [[Egypt]]. He wrote 47 books concerning various Islamic disciplines such as fiqh, exegesis of the [[Qur'an]], [[hadith]]s, and the like. | ||
==Contents== | ==Contents== | ||
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{{col-begin|2}} | {{col-begin|2}} | ||
* Fatih according to Fatimids | * Fatih according to Fatimids | ||
* [[Tahara]] | * [[Tahara]] | ||
* [[Prayer]] (including issues concerning the dead as well) | * [[Prayer]] (including issues concerning the dead as well) | ||
* [[Zakat]] | * [[Zakat]] | ||
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* Rulings of inheritance | * Rulings of inheritance | ||
* [[Diyas]] (blood money) | * [[Diyas]] (blood money) | ||
* [[Hudud]] ( | * [[Hudud]] (legislated punishments) | ||
* Rulings of theft and [[muharaba]] (armed robbery) | * Rulings of theft and [[muharaba]] (armed robbery) | ||
* Rulings of apostasy and heresy | * Rulings of apostasy and heresy | ||
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There are three views about ''Da'a'im al-Islam'' among Twelver Shi'as: | There are three views about ''Da'a'im al-Islam'' among Twelver Shi'as: | ||
* '''The reliability of the book and the author: ''' this view is held by [[Sayyid Bahr al-'Ulum]]. He believes that Qadi Nu'man did not cite hadiths from the [[Imams (a)]] after [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] because of [[taqiyya]] (precautionary dissimulation). | * '''The reliability of the book and the author: ''' this view is held by [[Al-Sayyid Muhammad Mahdi Bahr al-'Ulum|Sayyid Bahr al-'Ulum]]. He believes that Qadi Nu'man did not cite hadiths from the [[Imams (a)]] after [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] because of [[taqiyya]] (precautionary dissimulation). | ||
* '''The unreliability of the book and the author: ''' According to [[Sahib al-Jawahir]], [[Ayatollah al-Khoei]] in some of his works, and [[Imam Khomeini]], neither the hadiths cited in the book are reliable, nor its author. | * '''The unreliability of the book and the author: ''' According to [[Sahib al-Jawahir]], [[Ayatollah al-Khoei]] in some of his works, and [[Imam Khomeini]], neither the hadiths cited in the book are reliable, nor its author. | ||