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Zayd b. al-Imam al-Hasan (a): Difference between revisions
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==Parents== | ==Parents== | ||
Abu l-Hasan or Abu l-Husayn was the [[ | Abu l-Hasan or Abu l-Husayn was the [[teknonym]] of Zayd b. al-Hasan. He was the oldest son of [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]]. Umm Bashir bt. Abi Mas'ud al-Badri was the mother of Zayd who had another child from Imam al-Hasan (a) named Umm al-Hasan. [[Al-Shaykh al-Saduq]] and [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]] mentioned that Zayd had another sister named Umm al-Husayn. | ||
==Birth== | ==Birth== | ||
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{{Family tree of Ahl al-Bayt (a)}} | {{Family tree of Ahl al-Bayt (a)}} | ||
==His Presence in the Battle of Karbala== | ==His Presence in the Battle of Karbala== | ||
A number of historians did not mention the presence of Zayd b. al-Hasan in the [[ | A number of historians did not mention the presence of Zayd b. al-Hasan in the [[Battle of Karbala]]; even there are some reports stating that he was absent in [[Karbala]] which brought criticism to him. However ''[[Maqatil al-Talibiyyin (Book)|Maqatil al-Talibiyyin]]'' which is the oldest source on martyrs of family members of [['Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]], regarded Zayd b. al-Hasan as a captive in Karbala. | ||
==Characteristics== | ==Characteristics== | ||
According to [[ | According to [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]], Zayd b. al-Hasan was a strong, generous self-assured man who was praised by poets. People came from different areas to learn from him. [['Ali b. 'Isa al-Irbili|Al-Irbili]] introduced Zayd as a generous, self-assured and decent man. | ||
According to some sources, when Zayd b. al-Hasan came to Suq al-Zuhr (a market which was held around noon) people gathered around him as they were amazed by his strong and bulky body; they were mentioning that he was a descendant of [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]]. | According to some sources, when Zayd b. al-Hasan came to Suq al-Zuhr (a market which was held around noon) people gathered around him as they were amazed by his strong and bulky body; they were mentioning that he was a descendant of [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]]. | ||
==Trusteeship of Sadaqa of Prophet Muhammad (s)== | ==Trusteeship of Sadaqa of Prophet Muhammad (s)== | ||
A number of historians including [[ | A number of historians including [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]] stated that Zayd b. al-Hasan was in charge of [[sadaqa]] dedicated to Prophet Muhammad (s). | ||
When Sulayman b. 'Abd al-Malik came to power, he wrote a letter to his agent in [[Medina]]: "When you receive this letter, discharge Zayd b. al-Hasan from trusteeship of sadaqa of Prophet (s) and | When Sulayman b. 'Abd al-Malik came to power, he wrote a letter to his agent in [[Medina]]: "When you receive this letter, discharge Zayd b. al-Hasan from trusteeship of sadaqa of Prophet (s) and appoint one of his relatives and help him in the affairs." Then he did so. | ||
Zayd was discharged from trusteeship until the time [['Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz]]. The [[caliph]] wrote a letter to his agent in Medina: "Zayd b. al-Hasan is noble man and the oldest man of [[Banu Hashim]]; when you receive the letter put him back in charge of trusteeship of sadaqa of Prophet (s) and support him." | Zayd was discharged from trusteeship until the time [['Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz]]. The [[caliph]] wrote a letter to his agent in Medina: "Zayd b. al-Hasan is a noble man and the oldest man of [[Banu Hashim]]; when you receive the letter put him back in charge of trusteeship of sadaqa of Prophet (s) and support him." | ||
According to a number of narrations, [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] demanded that trusteeship of his sadaqa be given to noble and decent man of his family. As narrated, the trusteeship was returned to Zayd b. al-Hasan in the time of [[Walid b. 'Abd al-Malik]]. In that time there was a disagreement between Zayd and Abu Hashim 'Abd Allah b. [[Muhammad b. Hanafiyya]] on trusteeship. Abu Hashim claimed that Zayd was equal to him regarding their lineage, the only difference was that Zayd's lineage goes back to [[Lady Fatima (a)]] while Abu Hashim does not, and sadaqa does not belong to Lady Fatima (a) as it belongs to [['Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]]. In addition, Imam 'Ali (s) demanded that the trusteeship should be given to the most knowledgeable and most virtuous member of his family. Abu Hashim claimed to be wiser and more knowledgeable in [[fiqh]] than Zayd. Then Zayd moved to [[Damascus]] and informed the [[Umayyad]] caliph of the disagreement, Walid ordered to give trusteeship to Zayd b. al-Hasan. | According to a number of narrations, [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] demanded that trusteeship of his sadaqa be given to noble and decent man of his family. As narrated, the trusteeship was returned to Zayd b. al-Hasan in the time of [[Walid b. 'Abd al-Malik]]. In that time there was a disagreement between Zayd and Abu Hashim 'Abd Allah b. [[Muhammad b. Hanafiyya]] on trusteeship. Abu Hashim claimed that Zayd was equal to him regarding their lineage, the only difference was that Zayd's lineage goes back to [[Lady Fatima (a)]] while Abu Hashim does not, and sadaqa does not belong to Lady Fatima (a) as it belongs to [['Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]]. In addition, Imam 'Ali (s) demanded that the trusteeship should be given to the most knowledgeable and most virtuous member of his family. Abu Hashim claimed to be wiser and more knowledgeable in [[fiqh]] than Zayd. Then Zayd moved to [[Damascus]] and informed the [[Umayyad]] caliph of the disagreement, Walid ordered to give trusteeship to Zayd b. al-Hasan. | ||
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Zayd b. al-Hasan was definitely not a follower of Kaysanites as the majority of Kaysanites were supporters of Abu Hashim b. Muhammad b. Hanafiyya, but Zayd did not have a good relationship with Abu Hashim as they disagreed with each other on trusteeship of [[sadaqa]]. | Zayd b. al-Hasan was definitely not a follower of Kaysanites as the majority of Kaysanites were supporters of Abu Hashim b. Muhammad b. Hanafiyya, but Zayd did not have a good relationship with Abu Hashim as they disagreed with each other on trusteeship of [[sadaqa]]. | ||
Zayd b. al-Hasan cannot be a member of Zaydis. If he was a member of them, he should have their [[Imam]] or a follower of them. As claiming Imamate is a condition of Imamate in Zaydism, and Zayd never claimed to be an Imam, he cannot be their Imam. Also Zaydis believe [[Taqiyya]] is [[haram]] (unlawful), and biography of Zayd shows that Zayd exercised Taqiyya for Banu Umayyad; therefore, he cannot be a member of Zaydis. | Zayd b. al-Hasan cannot be a member of Zaydis either. If he was a member of them, he should have their [[Imam]] or a follower of them. As claiming Imamate is a condition of Imamate in Zaydism, and Zayd never claimed to be an Imam, he cannot be their Imam. Also Zaydis believe [[Taqiyya]] is [[haram]] (unlawful), and biography of Zayd shows that Zayd exercised Taqiyya for Banu Umayyad; therefore, he cannot be a member of Zaydis. | ||
Besides [[ | Besides [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]] believe Zayd b. al-Hasan exercised Taqiyya for Umayyads which is compatible to [[Twelver]] Shi'ism. Zayd is named a Twelver Shi'ite in a number of sources as well. | ||
==Narrating Hadiths== | ==Narrating Hadiths== | ||
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Zayd's cousins, Hasan b. al-Hasan and Ibrahim b. al-Hasan were carrying the [[coffin]] and 'Abd Allah b. al-Hasan al-Muthanna known as [['Abd Allah al-Mahd]] was walking in front in the funeral, respecting him others also were walking on foot in his funeral until they carried his body to his home and after [[ghusl al-mayyit]] buried him in [[al-Baqi']]. | Zayd's cousins, Hasan b. al-Hasan and Ibrahim b. al-Hasan were carrying the [[coffin]] and 'Abd Allah b. al-Hasan al-Muthanna known as [['Abd Allah al-Mahd]] was walking in front in the funeral, respecting him others also were walking on foot in his funeral until they carried his body to his home and after [[ghusl al-mayyit]] buried him in [[al-Baqi']]. | ||
He was regarded a respected man. After his demise some poets composed poems on his death including Qudama b. Musa al-Hajami. | |||
==Family== | ==Family== | ||
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* Muhammad b. Hasan b. Muhammad b. al-Hasan b. Muhammad b. Ibrahim b. Hasan b. Zayd b. al-Hasan b. 'Ali; he launched an uprising in the time of [[Mu'tasim]]. | * Muhammad b. Hasan b. Muhammad b. al-Hasan b. Muhammad b. Ibrahim b. Hasan b. Zayd b. al-Hasan b. 'Ali; he launched an uprising in the time of [[Mu'tasim]]. | ||
* Hasan b. Zayd b. Muhammad b. Isma'il b. Hasan b. Zayd known as | * [[Hasan b. Zayd b. Muhammad b. Isma'il b. Hasan b. Zayd]] known as Da'i Kabir who rebelled in [[Tabarestan]]. | ||
* Hasan b. Qasim b. 'Ali b. 'Abd al-Rahman b. al-Qasim b. Muhammad al-Bathani b. al-Qasim b. Hasan b. Zayd known as Da'i Saghir who was killed in 317/929. | * Hasan b. Qasim b. 'Ali b. 'Abd al-Rahman b. al-Qasim b. Muhammad al-Bathani b. al-Qasim b. Hasan b. Zayd known as Da'i Saghir who was killed in 317/929. | ||