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Al-Qasr Prayer: Difference between revisions
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{{Rulings section}} | {{Rulings section}} | ||
{{Furu' al-Din-Vertical}} | {{Furu' al-Din-Vertical}} | ||
'''Shortened Prayer''' (Arabic: {{ia|صَلاةُ القَصر}}) or '''Traveller's Prayer''' (Arabic:{{ia|صَلاةُ المُسافِر}}) is a term used as opposite to complete [[prayer]]. Upon certain conditions, it is obligatory for a traveler to shorten four Rak'a prayers and perform them in two Rak'as. Shortening prayer is obligatory for travellers according to [[Imamiyya]]; however according to other Islamic sects, it is only permissible, not obligatory. | '''Shortened Prayer''' (Arabic: {{ia|صَلاةُ القَصر}}) or '''Traveller's Prayer''' (Arabic:{{ia|صَلاةُ المُسافِر}}) is a term used as opposite to complete [[prayer]]. Upon certain conditions, it is [[obligatory]] for a traveler to shorten four Rak'a prayers and perform them in two Rak'as. Shortening prayer is obligatory for travellers according to [[Imamiyya]]; however according to other Islamic sects, it is only permissible, not obligatory. | ||
==In the Qur'an and Sunna== | ==In the Qur'an and Sunna== | ||
The reason for this ruling is | The reason for this ruling is [[Qur'an 4]]:101: | ||
::::"When you journey in the land, there is no sin upon you in shortening the prayers, if you fear that the faithless may trouble you; …" | ::::"When you journey in the land, there is no sin upon you in shortening the prayers, if you fear that the faithless may trouble you; …" | ||
It has been documented in both [[Sunni]]<ref>Bukhārī, ''Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī'', vol. 2, p. 42.</ref> and [[Shi'a]]<ref>Ḥaydar, ''al-Imām al-Ṣādiq wa l-madhāhib al-arbaʿa'', vol. 3, p. 345.</ref> sources that while travelling, the [[ | It has been documented in both [[Sunni]]<ref>Bukhārī, ''Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī'', vol. 2, p. 42.</ref> and [[Shi'a]]<ref>Ḥaydar, ''al-Imām al-Ṣādiq wa l-madhāhib al-arbaʿa'', vol. 3, p. 345.</ref> sources that while travelling, the [[Prophet (s)]] shortened four Rak'a prayers and performed them in two Rak'as. In [[Hadith]] and [[Jurisprudence|jurisprudential]] compilations, separate chapters have been dedicated to the discussion of shortening prayers while travelling. | ||
==The Rulings of Shortened Prayer== | ==The Rulings of Shortened Prayer== | ||
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Among Islamic sects, [[Imamiyya]] and [[Hanafi School]] deem shortening prayer as an obligation for the traveller; however, [[Maliki School]] regards the act of shortening a highly recommended practice, and [[Shafi'i School]] and [[Hanbali School]] deem it permissible, meaning a traveller can pray either in four or two Rak'as, without any obligation or preference in either option.<ref>Subḥānī, ''al-Qaṣr fī l-safar'', p. 5-6.</ref> | Among Islamic sects, [[Imamiyya]] and [[Hanafi School]] deem shortening prayer as an obligation for the traveller; however, [[Maliki School]] regards the act of shortening a highly recommended practice, and [[Shafi'i School]] and [[Hanbali School]] deem it permissible, meaning a traveller can pray either in four or two Rak'as, without any obligation or preference in either option.<ref>Subḥānī, ''al-Qaṣr fī l-safar'', p. 5-6.</ref> | ||
Those who deem shortening unnecessary have appealed to the phrase "there is no sin upon you in shortening". In contrast, those who regard it as an obligation would reply that the verse intended to wipe away the false mentality which considered qasr prayer invalid.<ref>Subḥānī, ''al-Qaṣr fī l-safar'', p. 13.</ref> In some other verses of the [[ | Those who deem shortening unnecessary have appealed to the phrase "there is no sin upon you in shortening". In contrast, those who regard it as an obligation would reply that the verse intended to wipe away the false mentality which considered qasr prayer invalid.<ref>Subḥānī, ''al-Qaṣr fī l-safar'', p. 13.</ref> In some other verses of the [[Qur'an]], the same phrase is used to denote obligation.<ref>Qurʾān, 2:158 .</ref> | ||
Additionally and based on the apparent meaning of the verse, some have restricted the permissibility of shortening to situations of fear and insecurity. However, The Prophetic Tradition has interpreted the verse in nonrestrictive terms; i.e. both in security and danger, the Prophet (s) would shorten his prayers while travelling. Based on this explanation, the clause "if you fear …" in the verse is taken to be only a reference to the prevalence of such situations at that time, not a restrictive term.<ref>Subḥānī, ''al-Qaṣr fī l-safar'', p. 12.</ref> | Additionally and based on the apparent meaning of the verse, some have restricted the permissibility of shortening to situations of fear and insecurity. However, The Prophetic Tradition has interpreted the verse in nonrestrictive terms; i.e. both in security and danger, the Prophet (s) would shorten his prayers while travelling. Based on this explanation, the clause "if you fear …" in the verse is taken to be only a reference to the prevalence of such situations at that time, not a restrictive term.<ref>Subḥānī, ''al-Qaṣr fī l-safar'', p. 12.</ref> | ||