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Al-Qibla Verse: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:قبله.jpg|thumb|350px|{{spaces|10}}The current [[qibla]]{{spaces|29}} The first qibla]] | |||
'''Al-Qibla Verse''' (Arabic: {{ia|آیَة القِبلَة}}) is the verse number 144 of [[Qur'an 2]] (Sura al-Baqara) in the [[Qur'an]] which commands Muslims to [[Qibla Changing|change their Qibla]] from [[Jerusalem]] to [[Masjid al-Haram]]. After the [[Hijra|migration]] of Muslims to [[Medina]], Jewish residents of the city took the direction of Muslims towards Jerusalem to be evidence that [[Islam]] was not an authentic religion. This led the [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] to wish that the [[Ka'ba]] were the [[Qibla]] for Muslims. | '''Al-Qibla Verse''' (Arabic: {{ia|آیَة القِبلَة}}) is the verse number 144 of [[Qur'an 2]] (Sura al-Baqara) in the [[Qur'an]] which commands Muslims to [[Qibla Changing|change their Qibla]] from [[Jerusalem]] to [[Masjid al-Haram]]. After the [[Hijra|migration]] of Muslims to [[Medina]], Jewish residents of the city took the direction of Muslims towards Jerusalem to be evidence that [[Islam]] was not an authentic religion. This led the [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] to wish that the [[Ka'ba]] were the [[Qibla]] for Muslims. | ||
According to [[exegete]]s of the Qur'an, this verse was revealed between | According to [[exegete]]s of the Qur'an, this verse was [[revelation|revealed]] between six to nineteen months after the migration. According to different historical accounts, the verse was revealed in one of the three places: [[Masjid al-Qiblatayn]], the mosque of the Banu Salim b. Awf tribe, and [[al-Masjid al-Nabawi]]. | ||
Verses 142, 143, and 150 of Qur'an 2 have also been referred to as verses of Qibla. Some exegetes of the Qur'an take verses 142 through 144 of Qur'an 2 to be Verses of the Qibla. | Verses 142, 143, and 150 of Qur'an 2 have also been referred to as verses of Qibla. Some exegetes of the Qur'an take verses 142 through 144 of Qur'an 2 to be Verses of the Qibla. | ||
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==Text and Translation of the Verse== | ==Text and Translation of the Verse== | ||
{{centered pull quote | {{centered pull quote | ||
|{{center|{{ia| قَدْ نَرَى تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَحَيْثُ مَا كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ لَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا | |{{center|{{ia| قَدْ نَرَى تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَحَيْثُ مَا كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ لَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا يَعْمَلُونَ }}}} | ||
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==Occasion of Revelation== | ==Occasion of Revelation== | ||
According to sources of exegesis, the Verse of Qibla was revealed in order to change the Qibla of Muslims from [[al-Aqsa mosque]] to the [[Ka'ba]]. After the migration of Muslims to Medina, Jewish residents of the city took the direction of Muslims towards al-Aqsa mosque to be evidence that Islam was not an authentic religion. They asked | According to sources of exegesis, the Verse of Qibla was revealed in order to change the Qibla of Muslims from [[al-Aqsa mosque]] to the [[Ka'ba]]. After the migration of Muslims to Medina, Jewish residents of the city took the direction of Muslims towards al-Aqsa mosque to be evidence that Islam was not an authentic religion. They asked, "If [[Muhammad (s)]] has brought a new religion, so why does he say [[prayers]] towards our Qibla?"<ref>Ibn Kathīr, ''Tafsīr al-Qurʾān'', vol. 1, p. 198; Ṭabarī, ''Jāmiʿ al-bayān'', vol. 2, p. 29.</ref> According to some [[hadith]]s, this and other factors led the Prophet (s) to wish that the Ka'ba were the Qibla for Muslims, but he never expressed his wish to God.<ref>Abū l-Futūḥ al-Rāzī, ''Rawḍ al-Jinān'', vol. 2, p. 208; Ṭabrisī, ''Majmaʿ al-bayān'', vol. 1, p. 414; Ṭabāṭabāyī, ''al-Mīzān'', vol. 1, p. 490.</ref> The verse points to the Prophet’s (s) expectation for the change of Qibla.<ref>See: Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 81, p. 33; Ṭabarī, ''Jāmiʿ al-bayān'', vol. 2, p. 28; Ṭabāṭabāyī, ''al-Mīzān'', vol. 1, p. 329.</ref> | ||
The exegetes have two views concerning the reason why the Prophet (s) was looking at the sky: | The exegetes have two views concerning the reason why the Prophet (s) was looking at the sky: | ||
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==Time of Revelation== | ==Time of Revelation== | ||
There is no consensus among [[exegete]]s of the Qur'an with regard to the time when the Verse of Qibla was revealed. There is a spectrum of views from | There is no consensus among [[exegete]]s of the Qur'an with regard to the time when the Verse of Qibla was revealed. There is a spectrum of views from six<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Jāmiʿ al-bayān'', vol. 2, p. 28; Ṭabrisī, ''Majmaʿ al-bayān'', vol. 1, p. 414.</ref> to nineteen months<ref>Ṭabāṭabāyī, ''al-Mīzān'', vol. 1, p. 333.</ref> after the migration. Some exegetes have appealed to the date of the change of Qibla, that is, [[Rajab]] of 2 (January 624), and take the most accurate view to be seventeen months after the migration.<ref>Ṭabāṭabāyī, ''al-Mīzān'', vol. 1, p. 331.</ref> There is also a disagreement about whether the Verse of Qibla was revealed in the middle of the [[morning prayer]] or [[noon prayer]] or [[afternoon prayer]].<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 1, p. 186-187.</ref> | ||
==Place of Revelation== | ==Place of Revelation== | ||
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* The mosque of Banu Salima<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 1, p. 186; Zamakhshrī, ''al-Kashshāf'', vol. 1, p. 202.</ref> in northwestern [[Medina]]<ref>Qāʾidān, ''Tārikh wa Āthār-i Islāmī'', p. 268.</ref> which is known as [[Masjid al-Qiblatayn]].<ref>Ibn Syyid al-Nās, ''ʿUyūn al-athar'', vol. 1, p. 269.</ref> | * The mosque of Banu Salima<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 1, p. 186; Zamakhshrī, ''al-Kashshāf'', vol. 1, p. 202.</ref> in northwestern [[Medina]]<ref>Qāʾidān, ''Tārikh wa Āthār-i Islāmī'', p. 268.</ref> which is known as [[Masjid al-Qiblatayn]].<ref>Ibn Syyid al-Nās, ''ʿUyūn al-athar'', vol. 1, p. 269.</ref> | ||
* The mosque of the Banu Salim b. | * The mosque of the Banu Salim b. Awf tribe, where the Prophet (s) performed his first [[Friday Prayer]],<ref>Qummī, ''Tafsīr al-Qummī'', vol. 1, p. 63; Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', vol. 1, p. 154.</ref> | ||
* [[Al-Masjid al-Nabawi]].<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 1, p. 186-187.</ref> | * [[Al-Masjid al-Nabawi]].<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 1, p. 186-187.</ref> | ||