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Hadith Man Mat: Difference between revisions
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'''Ḥadīth Man Māt''' (Arabic: {{ia|حَدیث مَنْ مات}}) is a well-known [[hadith]] from [[the Prophet Muhammad (s)]] according to which: "if a man dies while he does not know the [[Imam]] of his time, he will die a death of [[Jahiliyya]] (Ignorance Era)". The hadith is cited in [[ | |||
'''Ḥadīth Man Māt''' (Arabic: {{ia|حَدیث مَنْ مات}}) is a well-known [[hadith]] from [[the Prophet Muhammad (s)]] according to which: "if a man dies while he does not know the [[Imam]] of his time, he will die a death of [[Jahiliyya]] (Ignorance Era)". The hadith is cited in [[Shi'a]] and [[Sunni]] sources with different wordings. The Shi'as take it to be concerned with the problem of [[imamate]], implying the obligation of knowing and obeying the [[Imams]]. Sunni scholars take it to be concerned with the relationship between people and a Muslim [[ruler]] and the obligation of pledging their [[allegiance]] to him. | |||
==Text== | ==Text== | ||
There are some hadiths in Islamic sources beginning with the phrase, "man mat" (if a man dies). By "Hadith Man Mat" is meant the Prophet's (s) well-known remark according to which, "if a man dies while he does not know the Imam of his time, he will die a death of ignorance" | {{Quote box | ||
|title = '''{{ia|النبي الاعظم ص}}''' | |||
|quote = | |||
{{ia|مَنْ ماتَ وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفْ إمامَ زَمانِهِ مَاتَ مِيتَةً جَاهِلِيَّة}}{{-}} | |||
'''''If a man dies while he does not know the Imam of his time,{{-}} he will die a death of ignorance''''' | |||
|source = [[Ibn Shahrashub]], ''[[Manaqib al Abi Talib (book)|al-Manaqib]]'', vol.1 p.246 | |||
|qalign = center | |||
}} | |||
There are some hadiths in Islamic sources beginning with the phrase, "man mat" (if a man dies). By "Hadith Man Mat" is meant the Prophet's (s) well-known remark according to which, | |||
: '''''"if a man dies while he does not know the Imam of his time, he will die a death of ignorance"'''''. | |||
[[Ibn Abi Ya'fur]] asked [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] about the Prophet's hadith according to which, "if a man dies while he does not know the Imam of his time, he will die a death of ignorance": is it the death as an unbeliever? He replied: "it is the death as a misguided person". He then asked: "if a man dies at this time without a leader, will he die a death of ignorance?" He replied: "Yes". | |||
Some | Hadith Man Mat is cited with slight differences in [[Sunni]] sources as well. The Prophet (s) said: ''"if a man dies without an Imam, he will die a death of ignorance"''; or ''"if a man withdraws from obedience, he will meet God on Dooms Day without a plea, and if a man dies without having pledged an allegiance, he will die a death of ignorance"''. Sunni scholars take this hadith to be reliable and good. | ||
Some [[Shi'a]] scholars considered this hadith to be [[mutawatir]] in Shi'a and Sunni sources. | |||
==In Theological Issues== | ==In Theological Issues== | ||
The Shi'as have appealed to the hadith in their discussions of the problem of [[imamate]] to argue that it is an obligation to known and obey the Imams. According to the Shi'a, the "imam" in this hadith refers to [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] and [[Infallible Imams (a)]], and at present, it refers to [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]]. | The Shi'as have appealed to the hadith in their discussions of the problem of [[imamate]] to argue that it is an obligation to known and obey the Imams. According to the Shi'a, the "imam" in this hadith refers to [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] and [[Infallible Imams (a)]], and at present, it refers to [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]]. | ||
However, Sunni scholars have provided a different interpretation of this hadith. In his ''[[Sahih Muslim|Sahih]]'', [[Muslim b. Hajjaj]] cited this hadith under a section entitled as "the section concerning the obligation of accompanying the group [i.e. majority of Muslims] at the time of riots and avoiding people who call to infidelity". Some Sunni sources have interpreted the hadith in terms of another hadith from the Prophet (s) according to which, "if a man dies while parting with the group [i.e. majority of Muslims], he will die a death of ignorance". | However, Sunni scholars have provided a different interpretation of this hadith. In his ''[[Sahih Muslim|Sahih]]'', [[Muslim b. Hajjaj]] cited this hadith under a section entitled as "the section concerning the obligation of accompanying the group [i.e. majority of Muslims] at the time of riots and avoiding people who call to infidelity". Some Sunni sources have interpreted the hadith in terms of another hadith from [[the Prophet (s)]] according to which, "if a man dies while parting with the group [i.e. majority of Muslims], he will die a death of ignorance". | ||
Sunni Muslims take the "imam" in this hadith to refer to the ruler of the Islamic community who should be obeyed and to whom people should pledge their allegiance in order to keep the majority. The obligation of obeying the Islamic ruler include all Muslim rulers, regardless of whether they are just, sinners, or whatever. | Sunni Muslims take the "imam" in this hadith to refer to the ruler of the Islamic community who should be obeyed and to whom people should pledge their allegiance in order to keep the majority. The obligation of obeying the Islamic ruler include all Muslim rulers, regardless of whether they are just, sinners, or whatever. | ||
In his interpretation of this hadith, [[ | In his interpretation of this hadith, [[Ibn Taymiyya]] held that the [[Sahaba]] and [[Tabi'un]] were obliged to obey and pledge their allegiance to [[Yazid b. Mu'awiya]]. | ||
Some Sunni sources have taken the "imam" in this hadith to refer to the Prophet (s) himself, holding that people are obliged to believe in him, because he is the leader of people in this world. | Some Sunni sources have taken the "imam" in this hadith to refer to the Prophet (s) himself, holding that people are obliged to believe in him, because he is the leader of people in this world. | ||
==References== | |||
* The material of this article is mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/view/حدیث_من_مات حدیث من مات] in Farsi WikiShia. | |||
[[fa: حدیث من مات]] | [[fa: حدیث من مات]] | ||