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Al-Sihah al-Sitta: Difference between revisions
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'''Al-Ṣiḥāḥ al-Sitta''' (Arabic: {{ia|الصحاح الستة}}, literally: | '''Al-Ṣiḥāḥ al-Sitta''' (Arabic: {{ia|الصحاح الستة}}, literally: the Authentic Six) refers to 6 huge [[Sunni]] collections of [[hadith]]s. They are very reliable for Sunni Muslims and are considered as their most important religious sources after the [[Qur'an]]. Only two of these sources are entitled, "Sahih" (reliable) and the rest are entitled, "Sunan" (traditions), but all of them are called "Sihah" (plural form of "Sahih"). They include: ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]'', ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'', ''[[Sunan Abi Dawud]]'', ''[[Sunan Ibn Maja]]'', ''[[Sunan al-Tirmidhi]]'', and ''[[Sunan al-Nasa'i]]''. | ||
On the basis of [[Shiite]], and even some Sunni, criteria for the evaluation of hadiths, some hadiths in these sources are unreliable, and even [[Hadith Forgery|fabricated]]. | On the basis of [[Shiite]], and even some Sunni, criteria for the evaluation of hadiths, some hadiths in these sources are unreliable, and even [[Hadith Forgery|fabricated]]. | ||
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''Sahih al-Bukhari'' is organized into 97 books and 3450 sections. There are different accounts of the number of its hadiths. | ''Sahih al-Bukhari'' is organized into 97 books and 3450 sections. There are different accounts of the number of its hadiths. | ||
If its repeated hadiths are counted, then the number of its hadiths amounts to, on | If its repeated hadiths are counted, then the number of its hadiths amounts to, on Ibn Salah's count, to 7,275 hadiths, and if repeated hadiths are set aside, on his and al-Nawawi's counts, it amounts to 4000 hadiths, but according to Ibn Hajar, it amounts to 2,761 hadiths. | ||
It is said that when al-Bukhari finished his book, he presented it to prominent Sunni figures and leaders of hadiths at the time, such as [[Ahmad b. Hanbal]], 'Ali b. Madini and Yahya b. Mu'in, and they confirmed the reliability of all of its hadiths, except 4 hadiths. | It is said that when al-Bukhari finished his book, he presented it to prominent Sunni figures and leaders of hadiths at the time, such as [[Ahmad b. Hanbal]], 'Ali b. Madini and Yahya b. Mu'in, and they confirmed the reliability of all of its hadiths, except 4 hadiths. | ||
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Unlike ''Sahih al-Bukhari'', there are hadiths in ''Sahih Muslim'' concerning the virtues of [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] and the endorsement of some Shiite beliefs and rulings, including: | Unlike ''Sahih al-Bukhari'', there are hadiths in ''Sahih Muslim'' concerning the virtues of [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] and the endorsement of some Shiite beliefs and rulings, including: | ||
* [[Hadith of Twelve Caliphs]] | * [[Hadith of Twelve Caliphs]], | ||
* [[Hadith al-Raya]] with regard to the [[Battle of Khaybar]] | * [[Hadith al-Raya]] with regard to the [[Battle of Khaybar]], | ||
* [[Hadith | * [[Al-Manzila Hadith]], | ||
* The occasion of the revelation of [[al-Mubahala Verse]] | * The occasion of the revelation of [[al-Mubahala Verse]], | ||
* Hadiths regarding the permissibility of [[temporary marriage]]. | * Hadiths regarding the permissibility of [[temporary marriage]]. | ||
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''Sunan al-Tirmidhi'' was written by [[Muhammad b. 'Isa al-Tirmidhi]] (d. 279/892-93), a student of al-Bukhari. It has 46 books. Some of its hadiths are fabricated and it contains false attributions to [[the Prophet (s)]]. Hafiz b. Jawzi and some other prominent Sunni figures have explicitly said that some hadiths in this book are fabricated. | ''Sunan al-Tirmidhi'' was written by [[Muhammad b. 'Isa al-Tirmidhi]] (d. 279/892-93), a student of al-Bukhari. It has 46 books. Some of its hadiths are fabricated and it contains false attributions to [[the Prophet (s)]]. Hafiz b. Jawzi and some other prominent Sunni figures have explicitly said that some hadiths in this book are fabricated. | ||
[[Hadith al-Thiqlayn]], the occasion of the revelation of [[al-Tathir Verse]], as well as virtues of [[Imam 'Ali (a)]], [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]] and [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] are cited in al-Tirmidhi's book. The citation of such hadiths in the book led [[ | [[Hadith al-Thiqlayn]], the occasion of the revelation of [[al-Tathir Verse]], as well as virtues of [[Imam 'Ali (a)]], [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]] and [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] are cited in al-Tirmidhi's book. The citation of such hadiths in the book led [[Ibn Taymiyya]] to attack the book. Thus, the book is not considered as reliable by [[Wahhabis]] and advocates of Ibn Taymiyya. | ||
Some distortions seem to have occurred in hadiths regarding the virtues of Imam 'Ali (a) cited in ''Sunan al-Tirmidhi''. For example, the [[Hadith Madinat al-'Ilm]] which is cited in ''Jami' al-usul'' by reference to ''Sunan al-Tirmidhi'' cannot be found in the present version of al-Tirmidhi's book. | Some distortions seem to have occurred in hadiths regarding the virtues of Imam 'Ali (a) cited in ''Sunan al-Tirmidhi''. For example, the [[Hadith Madinat al-'Ilm]] which is cited in ''Jami' al-usul'' by reference to ''Sunan al-Tirmidhi'' cannot be found in the present version of al-Tirmidhi's book. | ||
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''Sunan al-Nasa'i'', also known as ''al-Sunan al-Kubra'', was written by Abu 'Abd al-Rahman Ahmad b. 'Ali b. Shu'ayb al-Nasa'i (d. 303/915-16). | ''Sunan al-Nasa'i'', also known as ''al-Sunan al-Kubra'', was written by Abu 'Abd al-Rahman Ahmad b. 'Ali b. Shu'ayb al-Nasa'i (d. 303/915-16). | ||
There are many unreliable hadiths in al-Nasa'i's book. In his ''Zad al-ma'ad fi huda khayr al-'ibad'', | There are many unreliable hadiths in al-Nasa'i's book. In his ''Zad al-ma'ad fi huda khayr al-'ibad'', Ibn Qayyim has mentioned hadiths from al-Nasa'i's book which were rejected by prominent Sunni scholars with respect to their chains of transmitters, contents, or both. | ||
In his book, ''Sahih wa da'if Sunan al-Nasa'i'', Nasir al-Din al-Albani has considered over 80 hadiths in ''Sunan al-Nasa'i'' to be unreliable with respect to their chains of transmitters, and over 300 hadiths to be unreliable in general. | In his book, ''Sahih wa da'if Sunan al-Nasa'i'', Nasir al-Din al-Albani has considered over 80 hadiths in ''Sunan al-Nasa'i'' to be unreliable with respect to their chains of transmitters, and over 300 hadiths to be unreliable in general. | ||