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Prophethood: Difference between revisions
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According to the Qur'an, prophethood is a divine selection of certain people to whom divine teachings are revealed in order to guide people to the path of perfection and happiness.<ref>Parcham, "Guftugū-yi si dīn-i ilāhī", p. 112.</ref> The belief in prophethood is an essential element of Islam as well as other divine religions.<ref>Rabbānī Gulpāygānī, ''Dar Āmadī bi Shīʿa shināsī'', p. 195.</ref> The word, "nubuwwa" (Arabic: {{ia|نبوّة}}) and its cognates in Arabic have been used to mean different things, such as giving news<ref>Ibn Manẓūr, ''Lisān al-ʿarab'', vol. 1, p. 162.</ref>, heights<ref>Ṭurayḥī, ''Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn'', vol. 1, p. 405.</ref>, going out of a place<ref>Fayyūmī, ''Miṣbāḥ al-munīr'', vol. 2, p. 591.</ref>, a clear path<ref>Farāhīdī, ''al-ʿAyn'', vol. 8, p. 382.</ref>, and a secret voice<ref>Jawharī, ''al-Ṣiḥāḥ'', vol. 1, p. 74.</ref>. | According to the Qur'an, prophethood is a divine selection of certain people to whom divine teachings are revealed in order to guide people to the path of perfection and happiness.<ref>Parcham, "Guftugū-yi si dīn-i ilāhī", p. 112.</ref> The belief in prophethood is an essential element of Islam as well as other divine religions.<ref>Rabbānī Gulpāygānī, ''Dar Āmadī bi Shīʿa shināsī'', p. 195.</ref> The word, "nubuwwa" (Arabic: {{ia|نبوّة}}) and its cognates in Arabic have been used to mean different things, such as giving news<ref>Ibn Manẓūr, ''Lisān al-ʿarab'', vol. 1, p. 162.</ref>, heights<ref>Ṭurayḥī, ''Majmaʿ al-baḥrayn'', vol. 1, p. 405.</ref>, going out of a place<ref>Fayyūmī, ''Miṣbāḥ al-munīr'', vol. 2, p. 591.</ref>, a clear path<ref>Farāhīdī, ''al-ʿAyn'', vol. 8, p. 382.</ref>, and a secret voice<ref>Jawharī, ''al-Ṣiḥāḥ'', vol. 1, p. 74.</ref>. | ||
According to the majority of scholars, there are differences between a "nabi" (Arabic: {{ia|نبي}}, prophet) and | According to the majority of scholars, there are differences between a "nabi" (Arabic: {{ia|نبي}}, prophet) and a "[[rasul]]" (Arabic: {{ia|رسول}}, meaning: messenger): while every "rasul" is also a "nabi", not all "nabis" are "rasuls".<ref>Muṣṭafawī, ''al-Taḥqīq fī kalamāt al-Qurʾān'', vol. 3, p. 116.</ref> A "rasul" receives revelations in both waking and sleeping times, but a "nabi" only receives them while dreaming.<ref>ʿAskarī, ''Muʿjam al-furūq al-lughawīyya'', p. 362; Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 1, p. 176.</ref> Moreover, a revelation to a "rasul" is more transcendent than the one to a "nabi", since a revelation to a "rasul" is delivered by [[Jabra'il]], while a revelation to a "nabi" is delivered by other angels or by an [[inspiration]] to the heart or through a [[true dream]].<ref>Jurjānī, ''al-Taʿrīfāt'', p. 105.</ref> However, some people take "rasul" and "nabi" to be synonymous.<ref>Māwardī, ''Aʿlām al-nubuwwa, p. 51.</ref> | ||
a "rasul" (Arabic: {{ia|رسول}}, | |||
{{See also|Rasul}} | |||
===General and Special Prophethood=== | ===General and Special Prophethood=== | ||