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Mosque of Kufa: Difference between revisions
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In [[17]]/638, when [[Muslim]]s first entered Kufa in the period of [[Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas]], the mosque was rebuilt together with the Governmental Building ([[Dar al-'Imara]]) at the suggestion of [[Salman al-Farsi]]. | In [[17]]/638, when [[Muslim]]s first entered Kufa in the period of [[Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas]], the mosque was rebuilt together with the Governmental Building ([[Dar al-'Imara]]) at the suggestion of [[Salman al-Farsi]]. | ||
The mosque witnessed many [[prophets]], [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]], [[Amir al-Mu'minin (a)]], [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]], and [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]], and some other [[Imams (a)]]. | The mosque has witnessed many [[prophets]], [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]], [[Amir al-Mu'minin (a)]], [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]], and [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]], and some other [[Imams (a)]]. | ||
In [[36]]/656-57 when Amir al-Mu'minin (a) attended the mosque, it became much more important. He frequently led [[congregational prayer]]s in this mosque, delivered sermons on its [[minbar]], | In [[36]]/656-57 when Amir al-Mu'minin (a) attended the mosque, it became much more important. He frequently led [[congregational prayer]]s in this mosque, delivered sermons on its [[minbar]], fulfilled some governmental and judiciary tasks there, and was finally [[martyred]] in its [[mihrab]]. | ||
The mausoleum of [[Muslim b. 'Aqil]], the mausoleum of [[Maytham al-Tammar]], the house of | The mausoleum of [[Muslim b. 'Aqil]], the mausoleum of [[Maytham al-Tammar]], the house of Amir al-Mu'minin (a), the governmental building of Kufa, the mausoleum of [[Hani b. 'Urwa]], and [[al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi]]'s grave are located near the Mosque of Kufa. The mosque has in it a number of positions, in many of which some spiritual practices of the mosque are performed. | ||
Just as travelers have the option to say their [[prayers]] fully or in a shortened form in al-Masjid al-Haram, the [[Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)]], and Masjid al-Nabi, they have the same option in the Mosque of Kufa as well. There are many [[hadith]]s regarding the | Just as travelers have the option to say their [[prayers]] fully or in a shortened form in al-Masjid al-Haram, the [[Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)]], and Masjid al-Nabi, they have the same option in the Mosque of Kufa as well. There are many [[hadith]]s regarding the merits of this mosque. According to some hadiths, the Mosque of Kufa is a garden of the [[Heaven]]. If one enters the Mosque of Kufa, one will be forgiven. Kufa will be the center of [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)|Imam al-Mahdi's (a)]] government, and the Mosque of Kufa will be the headquarter of his command. | ||
==Place== | ==Place== | ||
Kufa is a city in [[Iraq]] located in the south of the country, 10 kilometers on the northeastern side of [[Najaf]]. The city was built near [[Euphrates]], it has a temperate | Kufa is a city in [[Iraq]] located in the south of the country, 10 kilometers on the northeastern side of [[Najaf]]. The city was built near [[Euphrates]], it has a temperate climate, and has for long been green. | ||
Kufa was first known as "Suristan". In 17/638, months after the construction of [[Basra]], [[Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas]] built Kufa at the command of [['Umar b. Khattab|the Second Caliph]] as a residence for soldiers and military forces as well as their families during conquests. | Kufa was first known as "Suristan". In 17/638, months after the construction of [[Basra]], [[Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas]] built Kufa at the command of [['Umar b. Khattab|the Second Caliph]] as a residence for soldiers and military forces as well as their families during conquests. | ||
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One of the oldest and most important visiting places in Kufa is the great Mosque of Kufa. The mosque is one of the greatest mosques in the Islamic world, and the fourth important mosque for Shi'as (after [[Masjid al-Haram]], [[Masjid al-Nabi]], and [[Masjid al-Aqsa]]). | One of the oldest and most important visiting places in Kufa is the great Mosque of Kufa. The mosque is one of the greatest mosques in the Islamic world, and the fourth important mosque for Shi'as (after [[Masjid al-Haram]], [[Masjid al-Nabi]], and [[Masjid al-Aqsa]]). | ||
The Mosque of Kufa is 110 meters long, 101 meters wide, and has an area of 11162 square meters. Its walls are 10 meters tall. The open courtyard of the mosque is 5642 square meters, and the area of its [[Shabistans]] is 5520 square meters. The number of its pillars is 187, and it has | The Mosque of Kufa is 110 meters long, 101 meters wide, and has an area of 11162 square meters. Its walls are 10 meters tall. The open courtyard of the mosque is 5642 square meters, and the area of its [[Shabistans]] is 5520 square meters. The number of its pillars is 187, and it has four minarets each 30 meters tall. The mosque has five gates called: "Bab al-Hujja" (the main entrance), "Bab al-Thu'ban", "Bab al-Rahma", "Bab Muslim b. 'Aqil", and "Bab Hani b. 'Urwa". | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
According to some [[hadiths]], the construction of the mosque dates back to [[Adam (a)]]. It was later reconstructed by [[Noah]] after the storm. | According to some [[hadiths]], the construction of the mosque dates back to [[Adam (a)]]. It was later reconstructed by [[Noah]] after the storm. | ||
In 17/638, the Islamic army was in [[al-Mada'in]]. Al-Mada'in's weather was so terrible for soldiers from [[Hijaz]] that they became weak and thin. Thus, [[Hudhayfa b. Yaman]] wrote a letter to [['Umar b. Khattab]] and | In 17/638, the Islamic army was in [[al-Mada'in]]. Al-Mada'in's weather was so terrible for soldiers from [[Hijaz]] that they became weak and thin. Thus, [[Hudhayfa b. Yaman]] wrote a letter to [['Umar b. al-Khattab]] and informed him about the situation. The Caliph wrote to Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas to "send [[Salman al-Farsi|Salman]] and Hudhayfa to find a convenient place [for soldiers]". When they received the Caliph's letter, Salman and Hudhayfa departed from al-Mada'in: Salman departed from the western bank of Euphrates and Hudhayfa departed from its eastern bank. They did not like any land until they arrived in Kufa. They both found the land appropriate as a residence for the army. They said two [[rak'as]] of [[prayer]] and asked God to make the place peaceful and stable. When Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas and his army arrived in Kufa, he ordered the construction of a mosque before making any other constructions. Abu Hayja' al-Asadi stood in a place and threw arrows to all directions in order to specify the area of the Mosque of Kufa. | ||
==Education in the Mosque== | ==Education in the Mosque== | ||
The Mosque of Kufa was, since its construction, a cultural center of the city. When [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] arrived in Kufa in 36/656, he first went to the Mosque of Kufa and delivered a speech for people there. After settling in Kufa, the Imam (a) taught the [[exegesis]] of the [[Qur'an]] and other sciences in the mosque. Many people attended his lectures in this mosque, such as [[Kumayl b. Ziyad]] and [['Abd Allah b. 'Abbas]]. | The Mosque of Kufa was, since its construction, a cultural center of the city. When [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] arrived in Kufa in 36/656, he first went to the Mosque of Kufa and delivered a speech for people there. After settling in Kufa, the Imam (a) taught the [[exegesis]] of the [[Qur'an]] and other sciences in the mosque. Many people attended his lectures in this mosque, such as [[Kumayl b. Ziyad]] and [['Abd Allah b. 'Abbas]]. | ||
== | ==Merits== | ||
[[Asbagh b. Nubata]] says: addressing people of Kufa, [[Amir al-Mu'minin (a)]] referred to the Mosque of Kufa as "the house of Adam, place of Noah, residence of [[Idris]], worshiping place of Ibrahim and my brother, [[Khidr]]" and "one of the four mosques selected by God for His people". The Imam (a) also predicted that the [[Black Stone]] (al-Hajar al-Aswad) will be installed in this mosque. There will be, he said, a time when the mosque will be the worshiping place of [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]] and every believer. | [[Asbagh b. Nubata]] says: addressing people of Kufa, [[Amir al-Mu'minin (a)]] referred to the Mosque of Kufa as "the house of Adam, place of Noah, residence of [[Idris]], worshiping place of Ibrahim and my brother, [[Khidr]]" and "one of the four mosques selected by God for His people". The Imam (a) also predicted that the [[Black Stone]] (al-Hajar al-Aswad) will be installed in this mosque. There will be, he said, a time when the mosque will be the worshiping place of [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]] and every believer. | ||
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* The Mosque of Kufa as a Center for Imam al-Mahdi's (a) Judgeship: Imam al-Sadiq (a) said: "the center of Imam al-Mahdi's (a) government will be in Kufa and the center of his judgeship will be the Mosque of Kufa". | * The Mosque of Kufa as a Center for Imam al-Mahdi's (a) Judgeship: Imam al-Sadiq (a) said: "the center of Imam al-Mahdi's (a) government will be in Kufa and the center of his judgeship will be the Mosque of Kufa". | ||
==References== | |||
{{references}} | |||
* The material for this article is mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/view/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%81%D9%87 مسجد کوفه] in Farsi WikiShia. | |||
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[[fa:مسجد کوفه]] | [[fa:مسجد کوفه]] | ||