Mosque of Kufa: Difference between revisions

Mosque of Kufa (view source)

Revision as of 13:03, 6 November 2017

221 bytes added , 6 November 2017

m

no edit summary

VisualWikitext

Anonymous user

imported>Shakeri

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-<onlyinclude>{{#ifeq:{{{section|editorial box}}}|editorial box|{{Editorial Box
- | priority = aa
- | quality = c
- | links =done
- | photo =done
- | categories = done
- | infobox =-
- | navbox =
- | redirects= done
- | references =
- | good article =
- | featured article =
-}}}}</onlyinclude>
 [[File:مسجد کوفه.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Mosque of Kufa.]]
 '''Masjid al-Kūfa''' (Arabic: {{ia|مسجد الکوفة}}) is a great [[mosque]] in the Islamic world. For [[Shi'a]]s, it is the fourth important mosque after [[al-Masjid al-Haram]], [[Masjid al-Nabi]], and [[Masjid al-Aqsa]]. It is also the oldest and the most important [[Ziyarah|visiting]] place in [[Kufa]]. According to some [[hadith]]s, the first person who founded the Mosque of Kufa was [[Adam (a)]]. It was reconstructed by [[Noah (a)]] after the storm.
@@ Line 33: / Line 20: @@
 Soon did Kufa turn into an important Islamic city. It underwent many events. The great mosque of the city in which [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] was martyred was built in this period.
-==Location and Features==
+==Mosque of Kufa==
+===Location and Features===
 One of the oldest and most important visiting places in Kufa is the great Mosque of Kufa. The mosque is one of the greatest mosques in the Islamic world, and the fourth important mosque for Shi'as (after [[Masjid al-Haram]], [[Masjid al-Nabi]], and [[Masjid al-Aqsa]]).
 The Mosque of Kufa is 110 meters long, 101 meters wide, and has an area of 11162 square meters. Its walls are 10 meters tall. The open courtyard of the mosque is 5642 square meters, and the area of its [[Shabistans]] is 5520 square meters. The number of its pillars is 187, and it has four minarets each 30 meters tall. The mosque has five gates called: "Bab al-Hujja" (the main entrance), "Bab al-Thu'ban", "Bab al-Rahma", "Bab Muslim b. 'Aqil", and "Bab Hani b. 'Urwa".
-==History==
+===History===
 According to some [[hadiths]], the construction of the mosque dates back to [[Adam (a)]]. It was later reconstructed by [[Noah]] after the storm.
 In 17/638, the Islamic army was in [[al-Mada'in]]. Al-Mada'in's weather was so terrible for soldiers from [[Hijaz]] that they became weak and thin. Thus, [[Hudhayfa b. Yaman]] wrote a letter to [['Umar b. al-Khattab]] and informed him about the situation. The Caliph wrote to Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas to "send [[Salman al-Farsi|Salman]] and Hudhayfa to find a convenient place [for soldiers]". When they received the Caliph's letter, Salman and Hudhayfa departed from al-Mada'in: Salman departed from the western bank of Euphrates and Hudhayfa departed from its eastern bank. They did not like any land until they arrived in Kufa. They both found the land appropriate as a residence for the army. They said two [[rak'as]] of [[prayer]] and asked God to make the place peaceful and stable. When Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas and his army arrived in Kufa, he ordered the construction of a mosque before making any other constructions. Abu Hayja' al-Asadi stood in a place and threw arrows to all directions in order to specify the area of the Mosque of Kufa.
-==Education in the Mosque==
+===Education in the Mosque===
 The Mosque of Kufa was, since its construction, a cultural center of the city. When [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] arrived in Kufa in 36/656, he first went to the Mosque of Kufa and delivered a speech for people there. After settling in Kufa, the Imam (a) taught the [[exegesis]] of the [[Qur'an]] and other sciences in the mosque. Many people attended his lectures in this mosque, such as [[Kumayl b. Ziyad]] and [['Abd Allah b. 'Abbas]].
@@ Line 49: / Line 37: @@
 [[Asbagh b. Nubata]] says: addressing people of Kufa, [[Amir al-Mu'minin (a)]] referred to the Mosque of Kufa as "the house of Adam, place of Noah, residence of [[Idris]], worshiping place of Ibrahim and my brother, [[Khidr]]" and "one of the four mosques selected by God for His people". The Imam (a) also predicted that the [[Black Stone]] (al-Hajar al-Aswad) will be installed in this mosque. There will be, he said, a time when the mosque will be the worshiping place of [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]] and every believer.
-* Heavenly Castle: according to some [[hadiths]], the Mosque of Kufa is a "castle of the [[Heaven]]".
+* '''Heavenly Castle:''' according to some [[hadiths]], the Mosque of Kufa is a "castle of the [[Heaven]]".
-* Place of [[Sujud]] for the Angels: according to hadiths, the angels worshipped God in this sacred place before the creation of Adam (a).
+* '''Place of [[Sujud]] for the Angels:''' according to hadiths, the angels worshipped God in this sacred place before the creation of Adam (a).
 * According to a hadith from [[Imam al-Rida (a)]], the Mosque of Kufa is of such a high ranking that once a person enters it, his or her sins will be forgiven.
-* Place of Prayer for Prophets: [[Abu Basir]] quoted [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] as saying about the Mosque of Kufa that: "the best mosque is the Mosque of Kufa: one thousand prophets and one thousand saints have said prayers in it …".
+* '''Place of Prayer for Prophets:''' [[Abu Basir]] quoted [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] as saying about the Mosque of Kufa that: "the best mosque is the Mosque of Kufa: one thousand prophets and one thousand saints have said prayers in it …".
-* Prayer in the Mosque of Kufa Can be Said Fully during Travels: when a person travels to a place without intending to stay there for 10 days, they should say their prayers in a shortened form, except in four places, one of which is the Mosque of Kufa.
+* '''Prayer in the Mosque of Kufa Can be Said Fully during Travels:''' when a person travels to a place without intending to stay there for 10 days, they should say their prayers in a shortened form, except in four places, one of which is the Mosque of Kufa.
-* Saying Prayer in the Mosque Equals [[Hajj]]: [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]] says about the merits of saying one's prayers in the Mosque of Kufa that: "if people knew how much merit it has to say prayers in the Mosque of Kufa, they would go there from distant areas. Truly, saying one's obligatory prayers in this mosque equals hajj and saying [[mustahab]] prayers there equals [['Umra]].
+* '''Saying Prayer in the Mosque Equals [[Hajj]]:''' [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]] says about the merits of saying one's prayers in the Mosque of Kufa that: "if people knew how much merit it has to say prayers in the Mosque of Kufa, they would go there from distant areas. Truly, saying one's obligatory prayers in this mosque equals hajj and saying [[mustahab]] prayers there equals [['Umra]].
-* Superior to All the Mosques: Imam al-Sadiq (a) takes saying prayer in the Mosque of Kufa equal to one thousand prayers in another mosque. Also, Imam al-Rida (a) says about saying prayers in this sacred place: "saying an individual prayer in the Mosque of Kufa is superior to seventy [[congregational prayers]] in another mosque".
+* '''Superior to All the Mosques:''' Imam al-Sadiq (a) takes saying prayer in the Mosque of Kufa equal to one thousand prayers in another mosque. Also, Imam al-Rida (a) says about saying prayers in this sacred place: "saying an individual prayer in the Mosque of Kufa is superior to seventy [[congregational prayers]] in another mosque".
-* The Sanctuary of Imam 'Ali (a): a hadith is cited in ''[[Bihar al-anwar]]'' from Imam al-Sadiq (a) according to which [[Mecca]] is the sanctuary of God, [[Medina]] is the sanctuary of [[the Prophet Muhammad (s)]], and Kufa is the sanctuary of Imam 'Ali (a). Imam 'Ali (a) made that much of Kufa as his sanctuary that Ibrahim (a) has made of Mecca, and Muhammad (s) has made of Medina.
+* '''The Sanctuary of Imam 'Ali (a):''' a hadith is cited in ''[[Bihar al-anwar]]'' from Imam al-Sadiq (a) according to which [[Mecca]] is the sanctuary of God, [[Medina]] is the sanctuary of [[the Prophet Muhammad (s)]], and Kufa is the sanctuary of Imam 'Ali (a). Imam 'Ali (a) made that much of Kufa as his sanctuary that Ibrahim (a) has made of Mecca, and Muhammad (s) has made of Medina.
-* Burial Place of Prophets and Divine Saints: many prophets have said prayers in Kufa and in the Mosque of Kufa. Up to 370 prophets and 600 saints are buried there.
+* '''Burial Place of Prophets and Divine Saints:''' many prophets have said prayers in Kufa and in the Mosque of Kufa. Up to 370 prophets and 600 saints are buried there.
-* Center of Imam al-Mahdi's (a) Government: according to [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]]: "when our [[Qa'im]] [i.e. Imam al-Mahdi (a)] starts his uprising and goes to Kufa, there will be no believer unless he or she resides in the city near him or goes to the city". Amir al-Mu'minin (a) said: "a time will come when this place (the Mosque of Kufa) will be a place for the prayer of Imam al-Mahdi (a)".
+* '''Center of Imam al-Mahdi's (a) Government:''' according to [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]]: "when our [[Qa'im]] [i.e. Imam al-Mahdi (a)] starts his uprising and goes to Kufa, there will be no believer unless he or she resides in the city near him or goes to the city". Amir al-Mu'minin (a) said: "a time will come when this place (the Mosque of Kufa) will be a place for the prayer of Imam al-Mahdi (a)".
-* Residence of Khidr.
+* '''Residence of Khidr.'''
-* Residence and place of [[sujud]] for Noah.
+* '''Residence and place of [[sujud]] for Noah.'''
 * 70,000 people will be resurrected on the Day of Judgment in this place and will go to the Heaven without any calculations.
@@ Line 81: / Line 69: @@
 There are places in this mosque which are attributed to prophets or prominent religious figures. These are called "Maqam" (position). Some [[mustahab]] prayers or practices are recommended for some of these positions.
-* Rahba Amir al-Mu'minin: in front of the Mosque of Kufa where the gate of the mosque is located, there is a bench on which Imam 'Ali (a) sat and answered people's questions. It is mentioned in some hadiths.
+# '''Rahba Amir al-Mu'minin:''' in front of the Mosque of Kufa where the gate of the mosque is located, there is a bench on which Imam 'Ali (a) sat and answered people's questions. It is mentioned in some hadiths.
+# '''Dakka al-Qada':''' this is the place where Imam 'Ali (a) adjudicated legal cases. There was a short pillar in this position on which the following Quranic verse was written: "Surely Allah commands justice and good deeds".
-* Dakka al-Qada': this is the place where Imam 'Ali (a) adjudicated legal cases. There was a short pillar in this position on which the following Quranic verse was written: "Surely Allah commands justice and good deeds".
+# '''Bayt al-Tasht:''' this is a place where a miracle by Imam 'Ali (a) occurred.
+# '''Position of Adam (a):''' the 7th pillar of the Mosque of Kufa is known as the position of Adam (a). This is believed to be the place where God accepted Adam's (a) [[repentance]]. Imam 'Ali (a) said his prayers near this pillar, which is why it is also known as the position of Amir al-Mu'minin (a).
-* Bayt al-Tasht: this is a place where a miracle by Imam 'Ali (a) occurred.
+# '''Position of Ibrahim (a):''' the 4th pillar of the mosque near "Bab Anmat" is a place where the prophet [[Ibrahim (a)]] is believed to have said prayers.
+# '''Position of Jabra'il:''' the 5th pillar is attributed to [[Jabra'il]]. In the night of [[Mi'raj]] when the Prophet (s) was moving from [[Masjid al-Haram]] to [[Masjid al-Aqsa]] and arrived in Kufa, Jabra'il told him: "O the messenger of God, you are now across from the Mosque of Kufa. The Prophet (s) asked for God's permission and said two [[rak'as]] of prayers there. [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]] also said prayers near this pillar. Thus, it is also known as the position of Imam al-Hasan (a).
-* Position of Adam (a): the 7th pillar of the Mosque of Kufa is known as the position of Adam (a). This is believed to be the place where God accepted Adam's (a) [[repentance]]. Imam 'Ali (a) said his prayers near this pillar, which is why it is also known as the position of Amir al-Mu'minin (a).
+# '''Position of Imam Zayn al-'Abidin (a):''' the third pillar is where [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] said prayers. [[Abu Hamza al-Thumali]] says: I saw 'Ali b. al-Husayn (a) (that is, Imam al-Sajjad) entering the Mosque of Kufa, saying two rak'as of prayers, and then praying to God. After a while, he headed home to [[Medina]]. He was told why he had come to that place where his father and grandfather were killed. He said: "I visited my father and said prayers in this mosque".
+# '''The Place where Amir al-Mu'minin (a) was hit.'''
-* Position of Ibrahim (a): the 4th pillar of the mosque near "Bab Anmat" is a place where the prophet [[Ibrahim (a)]] is believed to have said prayers.
+# '''[[Mihrab]] of Amir al-Mu'minin (a):''' this is the place where [[Ibn Muljam al-Muradi]] hit the Imam's (a) head and martyred him.
+# '''Position of Imam al-Sadiq (a):''' a person reported: "in the [[Abbasid]] period, I once saw [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] entering the mosque from Bab al-Fil and saying prayers near the 4th pillar.
-* Position of Jabra'il: the 5th pillar is attributed to [[Jabra'il]]. In the night of [[Mi'raj]] when the Prophet (s) was moving from [[Masjid al-Haram]] to [[Masjid al-Aqsa]] and arrived in Kufa, Jabra'il told him: "O the messenger of God, you are now across from the Mosque of Kufa. The Prophet (s) asked for God's permission and said two [[rak'as]] of prayers there. [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]] also said prayers near this pillar. Thus, it is also known as the position of Imam al-Hasan (a).
+# '''Position of [[Khidr]].'''
+# '''The place where Noah's ship ran aground.'''
-* Position of Imam Zayn al-'Abidin (a): the third pillar is where [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] said prayers. [[Abu Hamza Thumali]] says: I saw 'Ali b. al-Husayn (a) (that is, Imam al-Sajjad) entering the Mosque of Kufa, saying two rak'as of prayers, and then praying to God. After a while, he headed home to Medina. He was told why he had come to that place where his father and grandfather were killed. He said: "I visited my father and said prayers in this mosque".
-* The Place where Amir al-Mu'minin (a) was hit.
-* [[Mihrab]] of Amir al-Mu'minin (a): this is the place where [[Ibn Muljam al-Muradi]] hit the Imam's (a) head and martyred him.
-* Position of Imam al-Sadiq (a): a person reported: "in the [[Abbasid]] period, I once saw Imam al-Sadiq (a) entering the mosque from Bab al-Fil and saying prayers near the 4th pillar.
-* Position of [[Khidr]].
-* The place where Noah's ship ran aground.
 ==Recommended Practices of the Mosque==
+{{main|Recommended Practices of the Mosque}}
 There are recommended practices for the Mosque of Kufa, including [[ziyara]], prayers, and specific supplications mentioned in the practices of the Mosque of Kufa in ''[[Mafatih al-jinan]]''.
 ==People Buried in the Mosque==
 [[File:Grave of Muslim b. Aqil.jpg|thumbnail|right|Grave of Muslim b. 'Aqil]]
-* Mausoleums of [[Muslim b. 'Aqil]] and [[Hani b. 'Urwa]]: after the [[martyrdom]] of Muslim and Hani, the Midhhaj tribe received [['Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad]]'s permission to bury their corpses near the governmental building. The place might have been selected because their graves as well as Shiite come-and-goes could be monitored by the government. Until 65/684, their graves had no sunshades. In 65/684, [[al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi]] constructed a mausoleum and a dome for their graves and inscribed their names on a marble which was installed on their grave.
+* '''Mausoleums of [[Muslim b. 'Aqil]] and [[Hani b. 'Urwa]]:''' after the [[martyrdom]] of Muslim and Hani, the Midhhaj tribe received [['Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad]]'s permission to bury their corpses near the governmental building. The place might have been selected because their graves as well as Shiite come-and-goes could be monitored by the government. Until 65/684, their graves had no sunshades. In 65/684, [[al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi]] constructed a mausoleum and a dome for their graves and inscribed their names on a marble which was installed on their grave.
-* The Grave of al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi: al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi's grave is also located near the Mosque of Kufa close to that of Muslim b. 'Aqil and Hani b. 'Urwa.
+* '''The Grave of al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi:''' al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi's grave is also located near the Mosque of Kufa close to that of Muslim b. 'Aqil and Hani b. 'Urwa.
 ==The Mosque in the Period of Imam al-Mahdi (aj)==
-According to a number of hadiths, Kufa will be the center of the global government of Imam al-Mahdi (aj). [[Mufaddal b. 'Umar]] asked [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] about where Imam al-Mahdi (a) will govern. He replied: the center of his government will be Kufa, his governmental building will be the Great Mosque of Kufa, and his treasury (and the place where booties of wars will be distributed) will be the [[Al-Sahla Mosque]].
+According to a number of hadiths, Kufa will be the center of the global government of Imam al-Mahdi (aj). [[Mufaddal b. 'Umar]] asked [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] about where Imam al-Mahdi (a) will govern. He replied: the center of his government will be Kufa, his governmental building will be the Great Mosque of Kufa, and his treasury (and the place where booties of wars will be distributed) will be the [[al-Sahla Mosque]].
 * Development of mosques, especially the Mosque of Kufa: since many [[Shi'as]] will go to Kufa from different areas in order to see Imam al-Mahdi (a) or stay near him and in order for the Shi'as to easily attend [[congregational prayers]] behind the Imam (a), the mosque will be developed, one thousand gates will be opened to the mosque, and the Imam (a) will concern himself to develop all the mosques, and in particular, the Mosque of Kufa.
@@ Line 130: / Line 108: @@
 [[ur:مسجد کوفہ]]
 [[id:Masjid Kufah]]
+<onlyinclude>{{#ifeq:{{{section|editorial box}}}|editorial box|{{Editorial Box
+ | priority = aa
+ | quality = c
+ | links =done
+ | photo =done
+ | categories = done
+ | infobox =-
+ | navbox =
+ | redirects= done
+ | references =
+ | good article =
+ | featured article =
+}}}}</onlyinclude>
 [[Category:Mosques in Iraq]]