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Mary (a): Difference between revisions
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'''Maryam bt. 'Imrān''' (Arabic: {{ia|مریم بنت عمران}}), or '''Mary (a)''' was the mother of [[Jesus (a)]], whose pregnancy occurred in a miraculous way. The story of her life, from her birth to the birth of her son, Jesus (a), is narrated in [[ | '''Maryam bt. 'Imrān''' (Arabic: {{ia|مریم بنت عمران}}), or '''Mary (a)''' was the mother of [[Jesus (a)]], whose pregnancy occurred in a miraculous way. The story of her life, from her birth to the birth of her son, Jesus (a), is narrated in [[Qur'an 19]] of the [[Qur'an]]. In [[Shiite]] and [[Sunni]] [[hadith]]s, Maryam (a) is considered as one of the "four superior women" in the [[Heaven]] along with [[Fatima al-Zahra (a)]], [[Khadija bt. Khuwaylid (a)]], and [[Asiya (a)]]. | ||
==Birth and Lineage== | ==Birth and Lineage== | ||
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In Christian texts, Maryam (a) has been referred to by numerous titles, such as the New Eve, Virgin Mary, Mother of God, the Intercessor, Mother of Divine Providence, the Seat of Wisdom, the Spiritual Vessel, the Mystic Rose, the Ark of the Covenant, the Queen of Angels, and Our Lady of Sorrows. She is also referred to in Islamic texts as "al-'Adhra'" (Chaste) and "[[al-Batul]]" which means she was detached from men or because she did not have [[menstruation]]. | In Christian texts, Maryam (a) has been referred to by numerous titles, such as the New Eve, Virgin Mary, Mother of God, the Intercessor, Mother of Divine Providence, the Seat of Wisdom, the Spiritual Vessel, the Mystic Rose, the Ark of the Covenant, the Queen of Angels, and Our Lady of Sorrows. She is also referred to in Islamic texts as "al-'Adhra'" (Chaste) and "[[al-Batul]]" which means she was detached from men or because she did not have [[menstruation]]. | ||
Maryam (a) is said to be born | Maryam (a) is said to be born twenty years before the birth of Jesus (a). However, there is no information about where she was born. | ||
==Servant at Jerusalem== | ==Servant at Jerusalem== | ||
[[File:مجسمه حضرت مریم.jpg|thumbnail|right|The statue of lady Maryam (a) on the high mountain in Harisa, 20 kilometers north of [[Beirut]], next to four churches]] | [[File:مجسمه حضرت مریم.jpg|thumbnail|right|The statue of lady Maryam (a) on the high mountain in Harisa, 20 kilometers north of [[Beirut]], next to four churches]] | ||
According to sources, Hanna, the mother of Maryam (a), was sterile. She could not give birth to any children until the age of 30. She prayed to [[God]] and asked Him to give her a child. Her prayer was answered and she became pregnant with Maryam (a). Hanna [[Nadhr|vowed]] to God that her child will serve [[Jerusalem|Bayt al-Maqdis]]. Verses | According to sources, Hanna, the mother of Maryam (a), was sterile. She could not give birth to any children until the age of 30. She prayed to [[God]] and asked Him to give her a child. Her prayer was answered and she became pregnant with Maryam (a). Hanna [[Nadhr|vowed]] to God that her child will serve [[Jerusalem|Bayt al-Maqdis]]. Verses thirty five to thirty seven of [[Qur'an 3]] refer to Hanna's vow and its acceptance by God.{{enote|When the wife of Imran said, 'My Lord, I dedicate to You what is in my belly, in consecration. Accept it from me; indeed You are the All-hearing, the All-knowing.' (35) And when she bore her, she said, 'My Lord, I have borne a female [child]' —and Allah knew better what she had borne— 'and the female is not like the male. I have named her Mary, and I commend her and her offspring to Your care against [the evil of] the outcast Satan.' (36) Thereupon her Lord accepted her with a gracious acceptance, and made her grow up in a worthy fashion, and He charged Zechariah with her care. Whenever Zechariah visited her in the sanctuary, he would find provisions with her. He said, 'O Mary, from where does this come for you?' She said, 'It comes from Allah. Allah provides whomever He wishes without any reckoning.' (37) (Quran 3:35-37)}} | ||
After Maryam's (a) birth, her mother took her to the temple and left her with the priests there. They disagreed about who should be in charge of her. They drew lots for selecting the person who could take care of Maryam (a), and [[Zechariah (a)]] (Zakariyya) the prophet won the lottery. He was, according to some sources, the husband of Maryam's maternal aunt. The [[Qur'an]] has pointed to the story of the lottery.{{enote|These accounts are from the Unseen, which We reveal to you, and you were not with them when they were casting lots [to see] which of them would take charge of Mary's care, nor were you with them when they were contending. (Quran 3:44)}} According to al-Maqdisi's report, Zechariah provided her with milk and training, and when she grew up, he selected a place for her in the temple where she worshiped God and served the temple when it was her turn. She worshiped so much that she came to be known among the [[Israelite]]s as an exemplary worshiper. | After Maryam's (a) birth, her mother took her to the temple and left her with the priests there. They disagreed about who should be in charge of her. They drew lots for selecting the person who could take care of Maryam (a), and [[Zechariah (a)]] (Zakariyya) the prophet won the lottery. He was, according to some sources, the husband of Maryam's maternal aunt. The [[Qur'an]] has pointed to the story of the lottery.{{enote|These accounts are from the Unseen, which We reveal to you, and you were not with them when they were casting lots [to see] which of them would take charge of Mary's care, nor were you with them when they were contending. (Quran 3:44)}} According to al-Maqdisi's report, Zechariah provided her with milk and training, and when she grew up, he selected a place for her in the temple where she worshiped God and served the temple when it was her turn. She worshiped so much that she came to be known among the [[Israelite]]s as an exemplary worshiper. | ||
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==Birth of Jesus== | ==Birth of Jesus== | ||
The story of the birth of Jesus (a) appears in [[ | The story of the birth of Jesus (a) appears in [[Qur'an 3]] of the Qur'an, verses 45-47 and 59, as well as [[Qur'an 19]], verses 16-36. According to the Qur'an, a divine angel appears to Maryam (a) in a human form and gives her the good news of a child: | ||
{{pull quote | {{pull quote | ||
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Similar sentences can be found in the [[Gospel of Luke]]: | Similar sentences can be found in the [[Gospel of Luke]]: | ||
:"27 to a virgin engaged to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David. The virgin's name was Mary. 28 And he came to her and said, "Greetings, favored one! The Lord is with you." 29 But she was much perplexed by his words and pondered what sort of greeting this might be. 30 The angel said to her, "Do not be afraid, Mary, for you have found favor with God. 31 And now, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you will name him Jesus. 32 He will be great, and will be called the Son of the Most High, and the Lord God will give to him the throne of his ancestor David. 33 He will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end." 34 Mary said to the angel, "How can this be, since I am a virgin?" 35 The angel said to her, "The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore the child to be born will be holy; he will be called Son of God." (Luke:1 27-35) | :"27-to a virgin engaged to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David. The virgin's name was Mary. 28 And he came to her and said, "Greetings, favored one! The Lord is with you." 29 But she was much perplexed by his words and pondered what sort of greeting this might be. 30 The angel said to her, "Do not be afraid, Mary, for you have found favor with God. 31 And now, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you will name him Jesus. 32 He will be great, and will be called the Son of the Most High, and the Lord God will give to him the throne of his ancestor David. 33 He will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end." 34 Mary said to the angel, "How can this be, since I am a virgin?" 35 The angel said to her, "The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore the child to be born will be holy; he will be called Son of God." (Luke:1 27-35) | ||
There are different accounts of how long Maryam (a) was pregnant from a few hours to several months. According to ''[[Tafsir al-Qummi]]'', Maryam (a) delivered the baby near a dead palm and then she shook the tree. The tree miraculously turned green and bore fruits. Maryam (a) ate a date which had just fallen from the tree. She was ordered by God to be silent when seeing people. When Maryam (a) took Jesus (a) to her people and they began reproaching her, Jesus (a) started to talk, informing them of his [[prophethood]]. | There are different accounts of how long Maryam (a) was pregnant from a few hours to several months. According to ''[[Tafsir al-Qummi]]'', Maryam (a) delivered the baby near a dead palm and then she shook the tree. The tree miraculously turned green and bore fruits. Maryam (a) ate a date which had just fallen from the tree. She was ordered by God to be silent when seeing people. When Maryam (a) took Jesus (a) to her people and they began reproaching her, Jesus (a) started to talk, informing them of his [[prophethood]]. | ||