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After Muhammad Hasan al-Najafi, the Shi'i marja'iyya was still based in Iraq and the [[Islamic Seminary of Najaf]]. The most influential authorities in this period include [[al-Shaykh Murtada al-Ansari]] (d. 1281/1864) and [[Muhammad Hasan al-Shirazi]] (d. 1312/1896) who issued the [[fatwa of the tobacco ban]].<ref>Ḥāʾirī, ''Tashayyuʿ wa mashrūṭīyyat dar Īrān'', p. 82-83.</ref> | After Muhammad Hasan al-Najafi, the Shi'i marja'iyya was still based in Iraq and the [[Islamic Seminary of Najaf]]. The most influential authorities in this period include [[al-Shaykh Murtada al-Ansari]] (d. 1281/1864) and [[Muhammad Hasan al-Shirazi]] (d. 1312/1896) who issued the [[fatwa of the tobacco ban]].<ref>Ḥāʾirī, ''Tashayyuʿ wa mashrūṭīyyat dar Īrān'', p. 82-83.</ref> | ||
The [[Persian Constitutional Movement]] led to obvious interventions of Shiite authorities in political affairs. [[Al-Akhund al-Khurasani]] and [[al-Sayyid Muhammad Kazim al-Yazdi]], the author of ''[[al-'Urwat al-wuthqa]]'', were crucial figures in the movement both of whom were Najaf-based Iranians. However, they had opposing views about the Movement. Al-Khurasani issued the Constitutional fatwa, and | The [[Persian Constitutional Movement]] led to obvious interventions of Shiite authorities in political affairs. [[Al-Akhund al-Khurasani]] and [[al-Sayyid Muhammad Kazim al-Yazdi]], the author of ''[[al-'Urwat al-wuthqa]]'', were crucial figures in the movement both of whom were Najaf-based Iranians. However, they had opposing views about the Movement. Al-Khurasani issued the Constitutional fatwa, and al-Yazdi opposed it. | ||
In 1337/1918 when [['Abd al-Karim Ha'iri Yazdi]] (d. 1355/1937) moved to [[Qom]], a new period of the [[Seminary of Qom]] began. Al-Sayyid Muhamamd Kazim al-Yazdi died in the same year. When the [[Islamic Seminary of Qom]] was taking shape and al-Sayyid Muhammad Kazim al-Yazdi and [[Shaykh al-Shari'a al-Isfahani]] (d. 1339/1920) died, part of the Shiite authority moved to Iran along with al-Ha'iri himself. | In 1337/1918 when [['Abd al-Karim Ha'iri Yazdi]] (d. 1355/1937) moved to [[Qom]], a new period of the [[Seminary of Qom]] began. Al-Sayyid Muhamamd Kazim al-Yazdi died in the same year. When the [[Islamic Seminary of Qom]] was taking shape and al-Sayyid Muhammad Kazim al-Yazdi and [[Shaykh al-Shari'a al-Isfahani]] (d. 1339/1920) died, part of the Shiite authority moved to Iran along with al-Ha'iri himself. | ||