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Four Books: Difference between revisions
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[[File:The Four Books 1.jpg|thumbnail|250px|The Four Books]] | [[File:The Four Books 1.jpg|thumbnail|250px|The Four Books]] | ||
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'''The Four Books''', known in Arabic as الکتب الأربعة or الأصول الأربعة, are the four main collections of [[hadith]] which, after the [[Qur'an]], form the basis of Shi'a beliefs and practices. The Four Books are ''[[al-Kafi]]'', ''[[Tahdhib al-ahkam]]'', ''[[Al-Istibsar fi ma ikhtalaf min al-akhbar]]'' and ''[[Man la yahduruh al-faqih]]''. | '''The Four Books''', known in Arabic as الکتب الأربعة or الأصول الأربعة, are the four main collections of [[hadith]] which, after the [[Qur'an]], form the basis of [[Shi'a]] beliefs and practices. The Four Books are ''[[al-Kafi]]'', ''[[Tahdhib al-ahkam]]'', ''[[Al-Istibsar fi ma ikhtalaf min al-akhbar]]'' and ''[[Man la yahduruh al-faqih]]''. | ||
== ''Al-Kafi'' == | == ''Al-Kafi'' == | ||
''Al-Kafi'' was compiled by [[Al-Kulayni|Abu Ja‘far Muhammad b. Ya'qub Kulayni]] (d. 329 | ''Al-Kafi'' was compiled by [[Al-Kulayni|Abu Ja‘far Muhammad b. Ya'qub Kulayni]] (d. [[329]]/941) during [[the Minor Occultation]] period. It contains 16,000 [[hadith]] which are divided into the three general sections of ''usul'', ''furu‘'', and ''rawdah''. ''Usul'' contains hadith related to beliefs, ''furu‘'' contains hadith concerning ''[[fiqh]]'', and ''rawdah'' contains hadith pertaining to ''[[akhlaq]]'' and morality.<ref> Modir Shanehchi, ''Tarikh-i Hadith'', p. 116 - 119.</ref> | ||
== ''Man la yahduruh al-Faqih'' == | == ''Man la yahduruh al-Faqih'' == | ||
This work was compiled by [[al-Shaykh al-Saduq]], Abu Ja‘far Muhammad b. 'Ali b. al-Husayn b. Babawayh al-Qummi (d. 381/991). | This work was compiled by [[al-Shaykh al-Saduq]], Abu Ja‘far Muhammad b. 'Ali b. al-Husayn b. Babawayh al-Qummi (d. [[381]]/991). | ||
It contains 6,000 hadith related to ''[[fiqh]]'' and practical rulings - all of which al-Saduq deemed as authentic and used as the basis for his ''[[fatwa|fatwas]]''. <ref> Modir Shanehchi. ''Tarikh-i Hadith''. p. 130 - 135.</ref> | It contains 6,000 hadith related to ''[[fiqh]]'' and practical rulings - all of which al-Saduq deemed as authentic and used as the basis for his ''[[fatwa|fatwas]]''. <ref> Modir Shanehchi. ''Tarikh-i Hadith''. p. 130 - 135.</ref> | ||
== ''Tahdhib al-Ahkam'' == | == ''Tahdhib al-Ahkam'' == | ||
This hadith collection was compiled by [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi|Shaykh al-Ta’ifah Abu Ja‘far Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Tusi]] (d. 460/1067). The hadith it contains are also mainly related to ''[[fiqh]]''. | This hadith collection was compiled by [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi|Shaykh al-Ta’ifah Abu Ja‘far Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Tusi]] (d. [[460]]/1067). The hadith it contains are also mainly related to ''[[fiqh]]''. | ||
Al-Shaykh al-Tusi compiled this work by the order of [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]] as a commentary to al-Mufid’s ''[[al-Muqni' | Al-Shaykh al-Tusi compiled this work by the order of [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]] as a commentary to al-Mufid’s ''[[al-Muqni'a]]''. | ||
In it, al-Tusi discusses rulings of ''[[fiqh]]'' ranging from ''[[taharah]]'' to ''diyat''. The order of the book's content is the same as that of [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]]'s ''al-Muqni'ah''. | In it, al-Tusi discusses rulings of ''[[fiqh]]'' ranging from ''[[taharah]]'' to ''diyat''. The order of the book's content is the same as that of [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]]'s ''al-Muqni'ah''. | ||
It contains 393 chapters and a total of 13,590 hadith. | It contains 393 chapters and a total of 13,590 hadith. | ||
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== References == | == References == | ||
Modir Shanehchi, Kazim, ''Tarikh-i Hadith'', Samt Publication, Tehran, 1998. | Modir Shanehchi, Kazim, ''Tarikh-i Hadith'', Samt Publication, Tehran, 1419/1998. | ||
== External Links == | == External Links == | ||