Ubayd Allah b. al-Abbas b. Abd al-Muttalib: Difference between revisions

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-'''ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib''' (Arabic: {{ia|عُبَیدالله بن عَبّاس بن عَبْدالمُطَّلِب}}, d. 58/677) was [[the Prophet Muhammad (s)]]'s cousin (son of his father's brother) and the younger brother of the well-known [['Abd Allah b. 'Abbas]]. During the [[caliphate]] of [[Imam 'Ali (a)]], 'Ubayd Allah was appointed by the Imam (a) as the ruler of [[Yemen]]. 'Ubayd Allah was one of the Prophet's (s) [[Sahaba|companion]] and transmitted [[hadiths]] from him. According to most of the historical sources, in the story of [[Peace Treaty of Imam al-Hasan (a)]], 'Ubayd Allah was a senior commander of [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]]'s army who joined [[Mu'awiya]].
+'''ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib''' (Arabic: {{ia|عُبَیدالله بن عَبّاس بن عَبْدالمُطَّلِب}}, d. 58/677) was [[the Prophet Muhammad (s)]]'s cousin (son of his father's brother) and the younger brother of the well-known [['Abd Allah b. 'Abbas]]. during the [[caliphate]] of [[Imam 'Ali (a)]], 'Ubayd Allah was appointed by the Imam (a) as the ruler of [[Yemen]]. 'Ubayd Allah was one of the Prophet's (s) [[Sahaba|companion]] and transmitted [[hadiths]] from him. according to most of the historical sources, in the story of [[Peace Treaty of Imam al-Hasan (a)]], 'Ubayd Allah was a senior commander of [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]]'s army who joined [[Mu'awiya]].
 ==Characteristics==
-'Ubayd Allah b. al-'Abbas b. 'Abd al-Muttalib b. Hashim al-Qurashi al-Hashimi, whose [[kunya]] was Abu Muhammad, was the son of [['Abbas b. 'Abd al-Muttalib]], the Prophet's (s) paternal uncle. His mother was Lubaba, the daughter of al-Harith b. al-Hazan al-Hilali and the sister of [[Maymuna bt. al-Harith|Maymuna]], one of the Prophet's (s) wives. He saw the Prophet (s) and thus, he is considered as one of the Prophet's (s) Sahaba. He is said to be born in the year of [[Hijra]] (622). 'Ubayd Allah was known as a well-known Arab benefactor. There are stories of his generosity in old sources.
+'Ubayd Allah b. al-'Abbas b. 'Abd al-Muttalib b. Hashim al-Qurashi al-Hashimi, whose [[kunya]] was Abu Muhammad, was the son of [['Abbas b. 'Abd al-Muttalib]], the Prophet's (s) paternal uncle. his mother was Lubaba, the daughter of al-Harith b. al-Hazan al-Hilali and the sister of [[Maymuna bt. al-Harith|Maymuna]], one of the Prophet's (s) wives. He saw the Prophet (s) and thus, he is considered as one of the Prophet's (s) Sahaba. He is said to be born in the year of [[Hijra]] (622). 'Ubayd Allah was known as a well-known Arab benefactor. There are stories of his generosity in old sources.
-'Ubayd Allah appears in the chains of transmitters of many hadiths. However, he only transmitted one hadith directly from the Prophet (s).
+'Ubayd Allah appears in the chains of transmitters of many hadiths. however, he only transmitted one hadith directly from the Prophet (s).
 ==Political and Military Positions of 'Ubayd Allah==
 ===In the Period of Imam 'Ali (a)===
-During the period of the Prophet (s), 'Ubayd Allah was not old enough to be assigned a political or military task. He is said to be a supporter of [[Imam 'Ali (a)]]. 'Ali (a) appointed him as [[Amir al-Hajj]] (commander of hajj) for three consecutive years from 36/656 to 38/658. In the third year, a military skirmish was about to take place between him and Yazid b. Shajara al-Ruhawi who was appointed by [[Mu'awiya]] as Amir al-Hajj. However, they eventually made a compromise and agreed that Shayba b. 'Uthman undertake the position of Amir al-Hajj.
+During the period of the Prophet (s), 'Ubayd Allah was not old enough to be assigned a political or military task. He is said to be a supporter of [[Imam 'Ali (a)]]. 'Ali (a) appointed him as [[Amir al-Hajj]] (commander of hajj) for three consecutive years from 36/656 to 38/658. In the third year, a military skirmish was about to take place between him and Yazid b. Shajara al-Ruhawi who was appointed by [[Mu'awiya]] as Amir al-Hajj. However, they eventually made a compromise and agreed that [[Shayba b. 'Uthman]] undertake the position of Amir al-Hajj.
 There is nothing in sources to show that 'Ubayd Allah had any political or military positions in the period of [[caliphs]] before Imam 'Ali (a). According to historical sources, he was appointed by Imam 'Ali (a) as the ruler of [[Yemen]] where he remained until the [[martyrdom]] of Imam 'Ali (a). Some events in this period have been narrated in sources, which are related to 'Ubayd Allah. For example, in 40/660 Mu'awiya sent [[Busr b. Artat al-'Amiri]] with 30,000 soldiers to invade realms of Imam 'Ali's (a) caliphate in [[Hijaz]] and Yemen. Busr went to [[Medina]] and then to [[Mecca]], and then he departed to Yemen. Before his arrival in Yemen, 'Ubayd Allah fled from Yemen to [[Kufa]], leaving his children behind and asking Imam 'Ali (a) for help. When Busr arrived in Yemen, he seized the House of Emirate (Dar al-Imara) and beheaded the two children of 'Ubayd Allah. 'Ali (a) sent an army to Yemen under the commandership of [[Jariya b. Qudama]] al-Sa'di. When Busr fled, Yemen was once again under the control of Imam 'Ali's (a) army, and 'Ubayd Allah returned there.