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Imam Ali b. Abi Talib (a): Difference between revisions
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The Battle of Siffin broke out between the armies of Imam Ali (a) and Mu'awiya in [[Safar]], [[37]]/[[July]], [[657 CE|657]] in the greater Syria, in an area called [[Siffin]] near [[Euphrates]], and ended with the [[arbitration]] in [[Ramadan]], [[38]]/[[February]], [[659 CE|659]].<ref>Yaʿqūbī, ‘’Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī’’, vol. 2, p. 188.</ref> | The Battle of Siffin broke out between the armies of Imam Ali (a) and Mu'awiya in [[Safar]], [[37]]/[[July]], [[657 CE|657]] in the greater Syria, in an area called [[Siffin]] near [[Euphrates]], and ended with the [[arbitration]] in [[Ramadan]], [[38]]/[[February]], [[659 CE|659]].<ref>Yaʿqūbī, ‘’Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī’’, vol. 2, p. 188.</ref> | ||
Though he was capable, Mu'awiya did nothing to help 'Uthman when he was under siege. After the killing of 'Uthman, Mu'awiya tried to introduce 'Ali (a) as the murderer of 'Uthman to the people of Syria. In the beginning of his rule, Imam 'Ali (a) wrote a letter to Mu'awiya, calling on him to pledge allegiance. However, he responded with the condition that 'Ali (a) first had to surrender the murderers of 'Uthman who were supposedly around 'Ali (a) and to punish them. Only then would he pledge allegiance. After several letters and dispatching a few delegates to Mu'awiya, Imam 'Ali (a) saw that Mu'awiya was pursuing a fight, and so, Imam 'Ali (a) took his armies towards Syria. Mu'awiya also set out with his army, and the two armies encamped in Syria near the [[Euphrates]] in a place called [[Siffin]]. As Imam 'Ali (a) refrained from war wherever possible, he sent some letters to Mu'awiya. However his attempts were futile, and the battle began in [[Safar]] [[37]]/ | Though he was capable, Mu'awiya did nothing to help 'Uthman when he was under siege. After the killing of 'Uthman, Mu'awiya tried to introduce 'Ali (a) as the murderer of 'Uthman to the people of Syria. In the beginning of his rule, Imam 'Ali (a) wrote a letter to Mu'awiya, calling on him to pledge allegiance. However, he responded with the condition that 'Ali (a) first had to surrender the murderers of 'Uthman who were supposedly around 'Ali (a) and to punish them. Only then would he pledge allegiance. After several letters and dispatching a few delegates to Mu'awiya, Imam 'Ali (a) saw that Mu'awiya was pursuing a fight, and so, Imam 'Ali (a) took his armies towards Syria. Mu'awiya also set out with his army, and the two armies encamped in Syria near the [[Euphrates]] in a place called [[Siffin]]. As Imam 'Ali (a) refrained from war wherever possible, he sent some letters to Mu'awiya. However his attempts were futile, and the battle began in [[Safar]] [[37]]/July 657.<ref>See: Shahidi, ''ʿAlī az zabān-i ʿAlī'', p. 113-121</ref> | ||
In the last confrontation of the battle, when Imam 'Ali's (a) armies were about to win, Mu'awiya, on advice from [['Amr b. al-'As]], ordered his soldiers to hoist any [[Mushaf]] (part or complete copies of the [[Qur'an]]) available in the camp on their spears and to move towards the front of 'Ali's army, calling on them to accept the Qur'an. The decoy worked and some of Imam 'Ali's (a) army, especially those amongst the reciters of the Qur'an, came to Imam 'Ali (a) and said, "We shall not fight these people and we need to accept whatever they say". Although Imam 'Ali (a) had told them that it was a trick that they were using to escape fighting, they did not accept it.<ref>Shahidi, ''ʿAlī az zabān-i ʿAlī'', p. 122</ref> | In the last confrontation of the battle, when Imam 'Ali's (a) armies were about to win, Mu'awiya, on advice from [['Amr b. al-'As]], ordered his soldiers to hoist any [[Mushaf]] (part or complete copies of the [[Qur'an]]) available in the camp on their spears and to move towards the front of 'Ali's army, calling on them to accept the Qur'an. The decoy worked and some of Imam 'Ali's (a) army, especially those amongst the reciters of the Qur'an, came to Imam 'Ali (a) and said, "We shall not fight these people and we need to accept whatever they say". Although Imam 'Ali (a) had told them that it was a trick that they were using to escape fighting, they did not accept it.<ref>Shahidi, ''ʿAlī az zabān-i ʿAlī'', p. 122</ref> | ||