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Jacob (a): Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox Prophets | {{Infobox Prophets | ||
| title =Jacob (a) | | title =Jacob (a) | ||
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| Important Events = Jacob (a) went blind after the disappearance of his son | | Important Events = Jacob (a) went blind after the disappearance of his son | ||
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'''Jacob''' or '''Yaʿqūb''' (Arabic: {{ia|یَعْقوب}}) or '''Israel''' was the son of the prophet [[Isaac]] and a grandson of the prophet [[Abraham]]. He is one of the [[prophets]] mentioned in the [[Qur'an]]. Shiite exegetes of the Qur'an take "Israel" to mean the servant of God, but according to the [[Torah]], Jacob (a) was called so because he struggled with an angel and won. In some Islamic sources, it is appealed to the story of [[Joseph]]'s (a) brothers asking Jacob (a) to intercede and ask God for their forgiveness in order to show the permissibility of [[tawassul]] to someone other than God. Some people have appealed to Jacob's (a) marrying two sisters at the same time to show the permissibility of such marriage before Islam. Jacob (a) died in [[Egypt]] at the age of 147, and according to his own will, his corpse was moved from Egypt and buried in the Cave of Machpelah in Hebron in [[Palestine]]. | '''Jacob''' or '''Yaʿqūb''' (Arabic: {{ia|یَعْقوب}}) or '''Israel''' was the son of the prophet [[Isaac]] and a grandson of the prophet [[Abraham]]. He is one of the [[prophets]] mentioned in the [[Qur'an]]. Shiite exegetes of the Qur'an take "Israel" to mean the servant of God, but according to the [[Torah]], Jacob (a) was called so because he struggled with an angel and won. | ||
In some Islamic sources, it is appealed to the story of [[Joseph]]'s (a) brothers asking Jacob (a) to intercede and ask God for their forgiveness in order to show the permissibility of [[tawassul]] to someone other than God. Some people have appealed to Jacob's (a) marrying two sisters at the same time to show the permissibility of such marriage before Islam. Jacob (a) died in [[Egypt]] at the age of 147, and according to his own will, his corpse was moved from Egypt and buried in the Cave of Machpelah in Hebron in [[Palestine]]. | |||
==Character and Family== | ==Character and Family== | ||
Jacob (a) was the son of [[Isaac (a)]] and a grandson of [[Abraham (a)]].<ref>Shūqī, ''Aṭlas-i Qurʾān'', p. 68.</ref> He was a prophet. He went to Paddan Aram to his maternal uncle, Laban, served as a shepherd for a while and married two of his uncle's daughters.<ref>Muṣṭafawī, ''al-Taḥqīq'', vol. 14, p. 252.</ref> According to | Jacob (a) was the son of [[Isaac (a)]] and a grandson of [[Abraham (a)]].<ref>Shūqī, ''Aṭlas-i Qurʾān'', p. 68.</ref> He was a prophet. He went to Paddan Aram to his maternal uncle, Laban, served as a shepherd for a while and married two of his uncle's daughters.<ref>Muṣṭafawī, ''al-Taḥqīq'', vol. 14, p. 252.</ref> According to Qur'anic verses, before Islam it was permissible to marry two sisters at the same time.<ref>Qurʾān, 4:23.</ref> But according to some [[hadith]]s, Jacob (a) married the second sister after the death of the first one. He had 12 sons from his wives. [[Joseph (a)]] and [[Benjamin]] were born from Rachel.<ref>Jazāʾirī, ''Dāstān-i payāmbarān'', p. 304.</ref> According to the Qur'an, Jacob (a) went blind after the disappearance of his son, Joseph (a), because he cried for many years: "And he turned away from them and said, "Oh, my sorrow over Joseph," and his eyes became white from grief, for he was [of that] a suppressor."<ref>Qurʾān, 12:84.</ref> | ||
==Annunciation of Jacob's (a) Birth== | ==Annunciation of Jacob's (a) Birth== | ||
According to the Qur'an, the birth of Isaac and Jacob (a) was annunciated to Abraham (a): "And We gave to Abraham (a), Isaac (a) and Jacob (a) - all [of them] We guided".<ref>Qurʾān, 6:84.</ref> The Qur'an mentions "Ya'qub (a)" (Jacob) | According to the Qur'an, the birth of Isaac and Jacob (a) was annunciated to Abraham (a): "And We gave to Abraham (a), Isaac (a) and Jacob (a) - all [of them] We guided".<ref>Qurʾān, 6:84.</ref> The Qur'an mentions "Ya'qub (a)" (Jacob) sixteen times in ten [[sura]]s. And "Isra'il" (Israel) is mentioned twice in [[Qur'an 3]] and [[Qur'an 19]].<ref>Shūqī, ''Aṭlas-i Qurʾān'', p. 68.</ref> In his ''[[Majma' al-bayan]]'', [[al-Tabrisi]] takes "Isra'il" to be the same person as "Ya'qub (a)", adding that "Isra" means a servant, and "'Il" means God, and so the term means the servant of [[God]].<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Majmaʿ al-bayān'', vol. 1, p. 206.</ref> | ||
The Qur'an also mentions the story of Jacob's (a) children and his [[intercession]] for them to ask for God's [[forgiveness]]: "And if, when they wronged themselves, they had come to you, [O Muhammad], and asked forgiveness of Allah and the Messenger had asked forgiveness for them, they would have found Allah Accepting of [[repentance]] and Merciful".<ref>Qur'an, 4: 64.</ref> | The Qur'an also mentions the story of Jacob's (a) children and his [[intercession]] for them to ask for God's [[forgiveness]]: "And if, when they wronged themselves, they had come to you, [O Muhammad], and asked forgiveness of Allah and the Messenger had asked forgiveness for them, they would have found Allah Accepting of [[repentance]] and Merciful".<ref>Qur'an, 4: 64.</ref> | ||
==Jacob's Complaint to God== | ==Jacob's Complaint to God== | ||
According to Shiite [[hadith]]s, Jacob (a) suffered a separation from his son, [[Joseph (a)]], because he and his family ignored the begging of a hungry poor man.<ref>Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''al-Jawāhir al-sanīyya'', p. 54.</ref> According to other hadiths, Jacob (a) was very patient, citing a supplication by Jacob (a) according to which: "I only complain of my suffering and my grief to Allah, and I know from Allah that which you do not know" ([[ | According to Shiite [[hadith]]s, Jacob (a) suffered a separation from his son, [[Joseph (a)]], because he and his family ignored the begging of a hungry poor man.<ref>Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''al-Jawāhir al-sanīyya'', p. 54.</ref> According to other hadiths, Jacob (a) was very patient, citing a supplication by Jacob (a) according to which: "I only complain of my suffering and my grief to Allah, and I know from Allah that which you do not know" ([[Qur'an 12]]:86).<ref>{{ia|قَالَ إِنَّمَا أَشْكُو بَثِّي وَحُزْنِي إِلَى اللَّـهِ وَأَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّـهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ}}</ref> And "the most fitting patience" is interpreted as taking one's complaints to God, rather than people, just as Jacob (a) did.<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Mishkāt al-anwār'', p. 585.</ref> | ||
==Israel of the Torah== | ==Israel of the Torah== | ||