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Arba'in of Imam al-Husayn (a): Difference between revisions
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'''Arbaʿīn of Imam al-Ḥusayn (a)''' (Arabic: اربعين الحسیني) is [[20th day of Safar]] in the [[Hijri Lunar calendar]] and the anniversary of the 40th day after the [[event of Karbala]] when [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] and his companions were [[martyr]]ed on the [[day of Ashura]], ([[10th of Muharram]] [[61 AH]]/13th of October 680.) It is reported that the [[captives of the Event of Karbala]] came to visit Imam al-Husayn (a) in Karbala on 20th of Safar 61 AH ([[November 22]], 680) on their return from [[Sham]] to [[Medina]]. In a [[hadith]] from [[Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a)]], [[Ziyara of Arba'in]] is considered among the sings of the faithful. This day is a national holiday in [[Iran]]. [[Shi'a]] mourn on the day of Arba'in and mourning groups rally in streets. Great procession of Shi'a who try to arrive in [[Karbala]] on the day of Arba'in is one of the most important mourning ceremonies of Shi'a around the world. [[Procession of Arba'in]] is regarded as an act of following the mentioned hadith. | '''Arbaʿīn of Imam al-Ḥusayn (a)''' (Arabic: اربعين الحسیني) is [[20th day of Safar]] in the [[Hijri Lunar calendar]] and the anniversary of the 40th day after the [[event of Karbala]] when [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] and his companions were [[martyr]]ed on the [[day of Ashura]], ([[10th of Muharram]] [[61 AH]]/13th of October 680.) It is reported that the [[captives of the Event of Karbala]] came to visit Imam al-Husayn (a) in Karbala on 20th of Safar 61 AH ([[November 22]], 680) on their return from [[Sham]] to [[Medina]]. In a [[hadith]] from [[Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a)]], [[Ziyara of Arba'in]] is considered among the sings of the faithful. This day is a national holiday in [[Iran]]. [[Shi'a]] mourn on the day of Arba'in and mourning groups rally in streets. Great procession of Shi'a who try to arrive in [[Karbala]] on the day of Arba'in is one of the most important mourning ceremonies of Shi'a around the world. [[Procession of Arba'in]] is regarded as an act of following the mentioned hadith. | ||
== Return of the Captives to Karbala == | ==Historical Background== | ||
The day of Arba'in which is now a [[mourning]] day for Shi'a and an official holiday in some countries, origins from the [[event of Karbala]] which happened in [[Muharram 10]], [[61 AH]] ([[October 13]], 680) when [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] and his companions were [[martyr]]ed in [[Day of Ashura (events)|a battle]] with the [[army of Kufa]]. The first Arba'in of Imam al-Husayn (a) ([[Safar 20]], [[61 AH]]) was 40th days after the that event. | |||
===Return of the Captives to Karbala=== | |||
It is not agreed by all Shi'a scholars whether captives passed [[Karbala]] on their return from [[Medina]], but some scholars including [[al-Muhaddith al-Nuri]] in his ''[[Lu'lu' wa Marjan]]'',<ref>Nuri, ''Lu'lu' wa marjan'', pp. 208-209</ref> and his student [[al-Shaykh 'Abbas al-Qummi]] in his ''[[Muntaha l-Amal]]''<ref>Al-Qummi, ''Muntaha l-amal'', pp. 524-525</ref> believe that the mentioned visit did not happen in the first year after the event of Karbala and that it was not even possible at all. Before al-Muhaddith al-Nuri, [[Sayyid b. Tawus]] expressed his doubt about the issue as well in his ''[[Iqbal al-A'mal]]''. | It is not agreed by all Shi'a scholars whether captives passed [[Karbala]] on their return from [[Medina]], but some scholars including [[al-Muhaddith al-Nuri]] in his ''[[Lu'lu' wa Marjan]]'',<ref>Nuri, ''Lu'lu' wa marjan'', pp. 208-209</ref> and his student [[al-Shaykh 'Abbas al-Qummi]] in his ''[[Muntaha l-Amal]]''<ref>Al-Qummi, ''Muntaha l-amal'', pp. 524-525</ref> believe that the mentioned visit did not happen in the first year after the event of Karbala and that it was not even possible at all. Before al-Muhaddith al-Nuri, [[Sayyid b. Tawus]] expressed his doubt about the issue as well in his ''[[Iqbal al-A'mal]]''. | ||
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[[Sayyid Muhammad 'Ali Qadi Tabataba'i]] wrote a comprehensive book called ''Tahqiq darbari-yi awwal Arba'in-i Sayyid al-Shuhada (a)'' (Research on the first Arba'in of Imam al-Husayn) to refute the views of al-Muhaddith al-Nuri and al-Shaykh 'Abbas al-Qummi. | [[Sayyid Muhammad 'Ali Qadi Tabataba'i]] wrote a comprehensive book called ''Tahqiq darbari-yi awwal Arba'in-i Sayyid al-Shuhada (a)'' (Research on the first Arba'in of Imam al-Husayn) to refute the views of al-Muhaddith al-Nuri and al-Shaykh 'Abbas al-Qummi. | ||
== Visit of Jabir == | ===Visit of Jabir=== | ||
[[Jabir b. 'Abd Allah al-Ansari]], one of the [[companions of the Prophet (s)]] is known as the first pilgrim and visitor of [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] after his [[martyrdom]]. Accompanied with [['Atiyya al-'Awfi]], he arrived in Karbala on the first Arba'in of the [[martyrdom]] of Imam al-Husayn (a) in [[61 AH]]/680 and visited Imam al-Husayn (a).<ref>Al-Qummi, ''Safinat al-bihar'', vol. 8, p. 383</ref> | [[Jabir b. 'Abd Allah al-Ansari]], one of the [[companions of the Prophet (s)]] is known as the first pilgrim and visitor of [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] after his [[martyrdom]]. Accompanied with [['Atiyya al-'Awfi]], he arrived in Karbala on the first Arba'in of the [[martyrdom]] of Imam al-Husayn (a) in [[61 AH]]/680 and visited Imam al-Husayn (a).<ref>Al-Qummi, ''Safinat al-bihar'', vol. 8, p. 383</ref> | ||