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Sura Fussilat: Difference between revisions
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'''Sura Fuṣṣilat''' (Arabic: {{ia|سوره فُصِّلَتْ}}) is 41st [[sura]] of the [[Qur'an]]. It is a [[Makki]] sura and has an [[obligatory prostration]]. It is located in [[juz']]s 24 and 25. The word "fussilat" meaning "eloquently stated" is mentioned in [[verse]] 3 and that is why this sura was named and known for it. Sura Fussilat is mostly about [[disbeliever]]s turning from the Qur'an. [[Unity of God]], the [[prophethood]] of the | {{Infobox Sura | ||
|image = سوره فصلت.jpg | |||
|previous = [[Sura Ghafir|Ghafir]] | |||
|next = [[Sura Ash-Shura|Ash-Shura]] | |||
|sura number = 41 | |||
|juz' = 24, 25 | |||
|revelation number = 61 | |||
|Makki/Madani = [[Makki]] | |||
|verse count = 54 | |||
|word count = 796 | |||
|letter count = 3364 | |||
}} | |||
'''Sura Fuṣṣilat''' (Arabic: {{ia|سوره فُصِّلَتْ}}) is 41st [[sura]] of the [[Qur'an]]. It is a [[Makki]] sura and has an [[obligatory prostration]]. It is located in [[juz']]s 24 and 25. The word "fussilat" meaning "eloquently stated" is mentioned in [[verse]] 3 {{enote|[this is] a Book whose signs have been elaborated for a people who have knowledge, an Arabic Quran}} and that is why this sura was named and known for it. Sura Fussilat is mostly about [[disbeliever]]s turning from the Qur'an. [[Unity of God]], the [[prophethood]] of the Prophet of Islam (s), the [[Judgement Day]] and mentioning the destinies of the [[people of 'Ad]] and [[people of Thamud|Thamud]] are among other topics mentioned in this sura. | |||
One of the famous verses in this sura is verse 34 which invited the Prophet (s) to have the best of manner against ill treatments of disbelievers. Also, verses 41 and 42 which [[exegete]]s have considered as evidences for immutability of the Qur'an are among the famous verses of this sura. About the merits of the [[recitation]] of this sura, it is transmitted from the Prophet (s) that whoever recites Sura Fussilat, will be given [[Reward and punishments|rewards]] ten times more than the number of the letters in this sura. | One of the famous verses in this sura is verse 34 which invited the [[Prophet (s)]] to have the best of manner against ill treatments of disbelievers. Also, verses 41 and 42 which [[exegete]]s have considered as evidences for immutability of the Qur'an are among the famous verses of this sura. About the merits of the [[recitation]] of this sura, it is transmitted from the Prophet (s) that whoever recites Sura Fussilat, will be given [[Reward and punishments|rewards]] ten times more than the number of the letters in this sura. | ||
== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
''' Naming ''' | ''' Naming ''' | ||
This sura was named "Fussilat" meaning "eloquently speech" is mentioned about the Qur'an in verse 3. Sura Fussilat has also been called the sura of [[Sajda]] (prostration) and | This sura was named "Fussilat" meaning "eloquently speech" is mentioned about the Qur'an in verse 3. Sura Fussilat has also been called the sura of [[Sajda]] (prostration) and Masābih (stars) as well; because, it is among the four [['Aza'im suras]] (suras which have obligatory prostration) and that the word "masābih" is mentioned in verse 12 of this sura. {{enote|We have adorned the lowest heaven with stars, and guarded them.}} | ||
''' Place and Order of Revelation ''' | ''' Place and Order of Revelation ''' | ||
Sura Fussilat is a Makki sura; and in the order of [[revelation]], it was 61st sura revealed to the Prophet (s). This sura is now 41st sura of the Qur'an and is located in juz's 24 and 25. | Sura Fussilat is a [[Makki sura]]; and in the order of [[revelation]], it was 61st sura revealed to the Prophet (s). This sura is now 41st sura of the Qur'an and is located in juz's 24 and 25. | ||
''' Number of Verses and Other Features ''' | ''' Number of Verses and Other Features ''' | ||
This sura has 54 verses, 796 words and 3364 letters; and regarding volume, it is among [[Mathani suras]] and is little more than one [[hizb]] (one fourth of a juz'). Sura Fussilat is also among [[ | This sura has 54 verses, 796 words and 3364 letters; and regarding volume, it is among [[Mathani suras]] and is little more than one [[hizb]] (one fourth of a juz'). Sura Fussilat is also among [[Hawamim]], which are the suras beginning with [[disjoined letters]] (Muqatta'a letters) of Ham-Mim. Verse 37 of this sura has an obligatory prostration, {{enote|prostrate to Allah who created them, if it is Him that you worship.}} meaning that its recitation or hearing requires the person to perform a prostration. Recitation of the suras which have obligatory prostration is not permissible in [[obligatory prayers]]. | ||
== Content == | == Content == | ||
Sura Fussilat mostly speaks about disbelievers turning away from the Qur'an and it repeats it in three places of this sura. Toward the end of this sura, it speaks about the divine origin of the Qur'an. Other topics mentioned in this sura are: Unity of God, prophethood of the Last of Prophets ( | Sura Fussilat mostly speaks about disbelievers turning away from the Qur'an and it repeats it in three places of this sura. Toward the end of this sura, it speaks about the divine origin of the Qur'an. Other topics mentioned in this sura are: Unity of God, prophethood of the Last of Prophets (s), revelation, attributes and characteristics of the Qur'an, the [[hereafter]] and the description of the Judgement Day, testimonies of the eyes, ears, skin and all the limbs of the dwellers of the [[hell]] against them and the destinies of the people 'Ad and Thamud. | ||
* Content: Actions of disbelievers in opposing to the Qur'an | * Content: Actions of disbelievers in opposing to the Qur'an | ||
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=== Immutability of the Qur'an === | === Immutability of the Qur'an === | ||
==== Verses 41 – 42 ==== | {{main|Immutability of the Qur'an}} | ||
====Verses 41 – 42==== | |||
:"Those who reject the Reminder when it comes to them... Indeed, it is an august Book: falsehood cannot approach it, at present or in future, a [revelation gradually] sent down from One all-wise, all-laudable." | :"Those who reject the Reminder when it comes to them... Indeed, it is an august Book: falsehood cannot approach it, at present or in future, a [revelation gradually] sent down from One all-wise, all-laudable." | ||
Immutability of the Qur'an is among the beliefs of most Muslims, according to which they believe that the Qur'an available now to Muslims is exactly the Qur'an revealed to the Prophet (s) and nothing has been added to it or omitted from it. | Immutability of the Qur'an is among the beliefs of most Muslims, according to which they believe that the Qur'an available now to Muslims is exactly the Qur'an revealed to the Prophet (s) and nothing has been added to it or omitted from it. [[Exegete]]s and [[theology|theologians]] refer to some verses and [[hadith]]s to reject any alteration in the Qur'an. Verse 41 and 42 of Sura Fussilat are among these verses. | ||
=== Returning the Consequence of Actions to the Person === | === Returning the Consequence of Actions to the Person === | ||
==== Verse 46 ==== | ====Verse 46==== | ||
:"Whoever acts righteously, it is for [the benefit of] his own soul, and whoever does evil, it is to its detriment, and your Lord is not tyrannical to His servants." | :"Whoever acts righteously, it is for [the benefit of] his own soul, and whoever does evil, it is to its detriment, and your Lord is not tyrannical to His servants." | ||
This verse discusses a general rule about humans' actions which the Qur'an has emphasized on, several times. It suggests that if disbelievers do not believe in the Qur'an and in the words of the Prophet (s), no harms would reach God or His Prophet ( | This verse discusses a general rule about humans' actions which the Qur'an has emphasized on, several times. It suggests that if disbelievers do not believe in the Qur'an and in the words of the Prophet (s), no harms would reach God or His Prophet (s), but disbelievers themselves will lose out. | ||
== Stories and Historical Reports == | == Stories and Historical Reports == | ||
The punishment of the people of 'Ad and Thamud, the Prophets' (s) invitations, rejecting the Prophets' (a) invitations by their people, arrogance of the people of 'Ad, coming of the tornado and perishing the people of 'Ad, inviting Thamud toward guidance, coming of the lightening of punishment (verses 13 – 17) | The [[Reward and punishment|punishment]] of the [[people of 'Ad]] and [[Thamud]], the Prophets' (s) invitations, rejecting the Prophets' (a) invitations by their people, arrogance of the people of 'Ad, coming of the tornado and perishing the people of 'Ad, inviting Thamud toward guidance, coming of the lightening of punishment (verses 13 – 17) | ||
== Merits and Benefits == | == Merits and Benefits == | ||
About the merits of [[recitation]] of this sura, it is transmitted from the Prophet (s) that whoever recites Sura Fussilat, he will be given [[reward]]s ten times more than the number of the letters in this sura. Also, it is transmitted from [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] that recitation of | About the merits of [[recitation]] of this sura, it is transmitted from the Prophet (s) that whoever recites Sura Fussilat, he will be given [[reward]]s ten times more than the number of the letters in this sura. Also, it is transmitted from [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] that recitation of Sura Fussilat brings about brightness of face and happiness to the reciter on the Judgement Day; and he will live in this world in a manner that he will be praised by everyone and envied for his good state. In [[Tafsir Burhan]], different benefits are mentioned for recitation of this sura such as healing the illnesses of the heart, eyes and stomachache. | ||
It is [[recommended]] to recite Sura Fussilat in [[recommended prayers]], especially the fifth rak'a of [[night prayer]] in the eve of [[Friday]] and also in the eve of Friday and the first rak'a of the two-rak'a prayer performed inside the [[Ka'aba]] on the red stone between the two pillars. | It is [[recommended]] to recite Sura Fussilat in [[recommended prayers]], especially the fifth rak'a of [[night prayer]] in the eve of [[Friday]] and also in the eve of Friday and the first rak'a of the two-rak'a prayer performed inside the [[Ka'aba]] on the red stone between the two pillars. | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
*The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[:fa:سوره فصلت|سوره فصلت]]}} in Farsi WikiShia. | *The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[:fa:سوره فصلت|سوره فصلت]]}} in Farsi WikiShia. | ||
{{Suras of Qur'an}} | |||
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[[Category:Makki Suras]] | |||
[[Category:'Aza'im Suras]] | |||