Al-Mabsut fi fiqh al-Imamiyya (book): Difference between revisions

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'''''Al-Mabsūṭ fī fiqh al-Imāmīyya''''' (Arabic: {{ia|المبسوط في فقه الإمامية}}) is a [[fiqh|jurisprudential]] work written by [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]] (b. 385/995 d.460/1067-8) in Arabic. '''''Al-Mabsūṭ''''' was written in response to opponents of the [[Shi'a]] who claimed that the Shiite [[jurisprudence]] was very small. According to the author, the book contains all jurisprudential sections and ancillaries discussed by [[Sunni]] jurists. '''''Al-Mabsūṭ''''' was cited by Shiite jurists in their works.  

Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Tusi, known as al-Shaykh al-Tusi (b. 385/995 d.460/1067-8), was a Shiite scholar in the 5th/11th century. He was an expert in [[jurisprudence]], the [[exegesis of the Qur'an]], [[rijal]], [[theology]], and [[usul]]. His most important jurisprudential works written before ''al-Mabsut'' include ''[[al-Tahdhib]]'', ''[[al-Istibsar]]'', ''[[al-Nihaya]]'', and ''[[al-Khilaf]]''.<ref>Khwansārī, ''Rawḍāt al-jannāt'', vol. 6, p. 222.</ref>

''Al-Mabsut'' is devoted to jurisprudential rulings, such as those concerning [[tahara]] (cleanliness), [[prayer]], [[fasting]], [[khums]], [[zakat]], [[hajj]], [[i'tikaf]], [[marriage]], [[divorce]], [[usurpation]], [[renting]], [[waqf]] (endowment), [[almsgiving]] (sadaqa), [[gifts]] (hiba), [[mudaraba]], [[rida']], [[hudud]], [[diyat]], and so on. He refers to the main parts of ''al-Mabsut'' as "kitab" (book), and then divided every "kitab" into chapters. Al-Tusi compiled jurisprudential ancillaries within 30 or 80 kitabs.<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Mabsūṭ'', vol. 1, p. 1-3.</ref>

The author of ''al-Rawdat'' appeals to the opening sermon of ''al-Mabsut'' to show that the book was the last jurisprudential work written by [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]].<ref>Khwansārī, ''Rawḍāt al-jannāt'', vol. 6, p. 222.</ref> Al-Shaykh al-Tusi cites or mentions other books by himself, including ''[[Misbah al-mutahajjid]]'',<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Mabsūṭ'', vol. 1, p. 117.</ref> ''[[al-Khilaf]]'',<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Mabsūṭ'', vol. 3, p. 221; vol. 4, p. 63, 111.</ref> ''[[al-Nihaya]]'',<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Mabsūṭ'', vol. 5, p. 211; vol. 7, p. 54.</ref> ''[[al-Jumal wa l-'uqud]]''.<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Mabsūṭ'', vol. 1, p. 3.</ref> However, since in his book, ''[[al-Iqtisad al-hadi ila tariq al-rashad]]'', he refers to ''al-Mabsut'',<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Iqtiṣād al-hādī'', p. 239, 316.</ref> the latter was probably written prior to the former.

''Al-Mabsut'' was lithographically printed with the handwriting of Muhammad 'Ali Khwansari as edited by Mirza Masih in 1270/1853-4 in [[Iran]].<ref>Āqā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, ''al-Dharīʿa'', vol. 19, p. 54.</ref> Also, the book was published by al-Maktabat al-Murtadawiyya in 1387/1967-8 with the marginal commentaries of Muhammad Taqi Kashfi as edited by Muhammad Baqir Bihbudi in 8 volumes.